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Subject: Veterinary Pathology × Author: Singh, Jitendra × Start date: 2020 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Pathological studies on nanonickel administered wistar rats
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2020-08) Singh, Jitendra; Batra, Munish
    The present study investigated the pathological effects of nanonickel at NOAEL dose inWistar rats for a period of 90 days. A total of 35 rats of 6 weeks age were divided randomly into group Ι (control group) and group Π (treatment group). Group Π rats were administered nanonickel orally at NOAEL dose (5 mg/kg). A significant time dependent decrease in body weight, decrease in PCV, decrease in total erythrocyte count is seen. There were nonsignificant decrease in haemoglobin (Hb) is seen. In Erythrocytic indices MCV shows both significant and nonsignificant changes while MCH and MCHC shows significant increase in values in treated rats as compared to control rats. The total leucocyte count (TLC) decreases significantly in treated rats as compared to control rats. In differential leucocyte count, lymphocyte and neutrophil shows significant decrease while eosinophils shows significant increase in value while monocyte shows nonsignificant variation. In biochemical profile there is nonsignificant increase in glucose value and nonsignificant increase in globulin value, significant decrease in total protein and gamma globulin, and significant increase in serum creatinine, serum aspartate aminotransaminase (AST), alanine aminotransaminase (ALT) is seen in treated group as compared to control group. In T- lymphocyte blastogenesis assay, CON-A, PHA-M and LPS shows significant decrease in value in treated rats as compared to control rats. In response to humoral immunity there were significant decrease in HI titre and ELISA value in treated rats as compared to control rats. Delay type hypersensitivity shows significant variation in reaction at 48 and 72 hr post challenges. Histopathologically, group Ι shows no observable lesion while in group Π there were congestion in liver, hyperplasia of kupffer cells is observed while in lungs there were thickening of interalveolar septa and infiltration of mononuclear cells, emphysema is observed, kidney reveals the necrotic changes in tubules of kidney and loss of bowman’s space and glomerulonephritis. Group Π testis reveals degenerative and necrotic changes in seminiferous tubules along with infiltration of mononuclear cells, there was also degenerative and necrotic changes in sertoli cells. In intestine there were hypertrophy and hyperplasia of goblet cells, Group Π spleen revealed increase in red pulp area and deposition of haemosiderin pigment in spleen of nanonickel treated rats. Collectively, these observations indicated that nanonickel have toxic effects as hepatopathy, nephropathy and immunopathology at NOAEL dose. The observations regarding pathomorphological alterations indicates that most of the vital organs of the body including liver, kidney, heart, lungs, spleen, testis were the most affected organs in nanonickel toxicity. Mild effect on other organs including intestine was also observed. The results did not indicate any apparent gross lesion. However, its effect on immune system after oral administration is inhibitory in nature. Collectively our results suggest that nanonickel have toxic effects even at NOAEL dose on the repeated exposure.