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ThesisItem Open Access CLINICO-DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION AND THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT OF CANINE OTITIS AND ITS EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY IN UTTARAKHAND(G. B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar-263145, 2023-06) Uniyal, Vartika; Prasad, AmitThe present research work “Clinico-diagnostic evaluation and therapeutic management of canine otitis and its epidemiological study in Uttarkhand” was carried out in the Department of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Dr. I. P. Singh Veterinary Clinical Complex and Trauma Centre, C.V.A.Sc., G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand between September 2022 and June 2023 for a period of 10 months. In addition, an epidemiological study of otitis in Tarai-Bhabar region of Uttarakhand was performed between June, 2022 and May, 2023 for a period of one year. The prevalence study comprised 20824 cases of the total canine affections out of which 1283 animals (6.16%) had otitis. The prevalence of otitis was found to be highest in German Shepherds (26.96%). Males were more affected as compared to the females. Majority of cases were seen in the age group 3-5 years (35.15%) and in summer season (43.58%). Among the clinical cases of otitis (n=273) presented to Pantnagar almost all animals has aural pruritis and pain. Most of the dogs presented had acute onset, unilateral infection and erect ears. In the 18 cases selected for otoscopic examination tympanic membrane was visible in all ears, with debris and erythema in some. All the cases were mild in nature according to OTIS 3 score. Cytological and microbiological examination of otic exudate revealed majority of microbiota consisting of coagulase positive Staphylococcus species, Pseudomonas species and Malessezia species. In vitro antibiotic sensitivity test revealed most of the isolates to be sensitive to gentamicin followed by ceftriaxone and most of them to be resistant to streptomycin. From the comparative management of canine otitis externa, it was established that, the group treated with topical gentamicin and clotrimazole showed remarkable recovery in terms of improvement of OTIS 3 scores within 7 days of treatment in mixed infection of canine otitis externa.ThesisItem Open Access Epidemiological, clinico-haematobiochemical and therapeutic studies on tick infestation in goats of Kumaon region of Uttarakhand(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, District Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand. PIN - 263145, 2022-07) Tamta, Pooja; Bhatt, PrakashThe present study was aimed to undertake epidemiological, clinico-hematobiochemical and therapeutic studies on tick infestation in goats of Kumaon region of Uttarakhand. The study was broadly undertaken into two heads viz. epidemiological and therapeutic studies. For epidemiological studies, goats of all six districts of Kumaon division of Uttarakhnd were screened for tick infestation. The goats were screened irrespective of age, breed and sex. It was observed that out of 1800 goats 897 (49.83%) goats were positive for tick infestation. The maximum tick infestation was reported from Udham Singh Nagar district 243 (81%) and minimum from Champawat district 103 (34.33%) with highest infestation in age group of 6 months to 3 years 318 (61.98%) and least above 3 years of age 144 (36.45%). Month wise prevalence showed a highest prevalence in March 253 (62%) and lowest in January 129 (37.06%). Maximum tick infestation was reported in non–descript 637 (55.29%) and minimum in Sirohi breed 167 (38.47%). It was observed that female 636 (50.43%) were affected more in comparison to male 261 (48.42%). For therapeutic study 24 goats were selected out of screened goats. These were then divided into 4 groups (A,B,C and D) of 6 goats each. Group A animals were tick free goats. Whereas, B,C and D group were having tick infested goats. Group A goats were kept as healthy control (tick free goats) and received no treatment throughout the study period. Group B goats were tick infested and received Artemisia vulgaris leaves extracts, group C goats received Allium sativum bulb extracts and group D goats were treated with cypermethrin spray. Blood samples for hemato-biochemical assay were collected on day 0,7,14 and 21 of treatment in therapeuic groups. Blood collection was done on day 0 in control group. Recording of anti-tick activity of all the therapeutic groups were also undertaken at regular interval. Results of study revealed that values of Hb(hemoglobin), PCV(packed cell volume) and TEC (total erythrocyte count) in tick infested goats were significantly lower when compared to healthy control group. Infested goats showed leucocytosis along with eosinophilia with no significant difference in neutrophils, basophils and monocyte count. Biochemical profile showed significantly lower values of glucose, total protein and albumin in tick infested goats while no significant difference was reported in albumin value and A:G ratio when compared to the healthy control group. Based on results of the study it was concluded that Artemisia vulgaris is having anti-tick activity followed by Allium sativum. However, their therapeutic efficacy was less as compared to cypermethrin spray.ThesisItem Open Access Studies on prevalence, clinico-pathological, diagnostic and therapeutic-managemental aspects of canine rickets(G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 2022-07) Singh, Deeksha; Singh, J.L.The present research work “Studies on prevalence, clinico-pathological, diagnostic and therapeutic-managemental aspects of canine rickets” was carried out in the Department of Veterinary Medicine and Dr. I.P. Singh Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex and Trauma Centre, C.V.A.Sc., GBPUAT, Pantnagar from November 2021 to June 2022. In addition, a prevalence study of Canine Rickets was carried out by conducting the retrospective study and routine screening of young dogs suffering from skeletal/locomotory problems at various private and Government Veterinary polyclinics and hospitals of nearby areas and adjoining areas of Uttar Pradesh. The prevalence study comprised 45000 cases of the total canine population, out of which 404 (0.89%) were determined to be positive for Rickets. Overall prevalence of rickets was found highest in Dehradun (0.26%), followed by Moradabad (0.18%), Haldwani (0.2%), Rudrapur (0.16%), Bareilly (0.057%) and Pantnagar (0.02%). Out of the 24 cases of rickets screened for study, males (70%) were more affected as compared to the females (30%). The prevalence of rickets was highest in the 3-6 months age group (66.66%), followed by 0-3 months age group (25%), 6-9 months(8.33%). The breed wise prevalence of rickets in breeds like GSD, Labrador, Non-descript, Spitz and others was 29.16%, 25%, 16.6%, 12.5%, 16.66%, respectively. Most of the cases were presented with clinical signs like pain in limbs, lameness, bowed limbs, enlarged distal metaphysis, paw deviation, difficulty in walking with varying severity. Radiographic findings include varying degrees of cortical thinning, broadening of distal metaphysis, widening of medullary cavity and increased physeal thickness. There was significant decrease in levels of hemoglobin, PCV, calcium and Vitamin D in rickets affected dogs as compared with healthy control group. On the other hand, the levels of ALP, phosphorus and BUN in rachitic dogs increased significantly as compared to healthy control group. Other parameters like TEC, TLC, DLC, total protein, globulin, creatinine does not show significant variation between healthy group and affected groups. The 24 cases of rickets screened for study were divided in to 4 groups and treated with different therapeutic regimen. Group A was treated with injectable Vitamin D3; Group B was treated with oral calcium; Group C was treated with a combination of calcium, phosphorus and cod liver oil; Group D was treated with oral calcium and phosphorus along with injectable Vitamin D. The clinical and hemato-biochemical examination was done at day 0, day 30 and day 60 to evaluate improvement among all the affected animals. Combination of oral calcium, phosphorus and injectable Vitamin D showed best results and is recommended for the treatment of canine rickets followed by combination of calcium, phosphorus and cod liver oil, injectable Vitamin D and Calcium with percent recovery of 83.33%, 83.33 %, 66.66%, 50% respectively.ThesisItem Open Access Clinico-pathological and therapeutic management of canine hepatic dysfunction(G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 2022-07) Verma, Prashant; Arora, NiddhiThe present study was undertaken to study clinico-pathological and therapeutic evaluation of canine hepatic dysfunction. In addition, prevalence of canine hepatic dysfunction was studied in and around Pantnagar by screening clinical cases of dogs presented at Dr. I. P. Singh Veterinary Clinical Complex and Trauma Centre, Pantnagar. The overall prevalence of hepatic dysfunction in dogs was found to be 3.36% among total number of dogs presented in this study and the prevalence was 6.62% among dogs with gastrointestinal and nervous disorder. The mean age in dogs diagnosed with hepatic dysfunction was 5.12±0.96 years. In terms of age maximum incidence was seen in dogs with age between 4 - 6-year and Mongrel breed of dogs had maximum incidences of hepatic dysfunction. The dogs which were diagnosed with hepatic dysfunction were showing a variety of clinical signs such as fever, anorexia, vomition, emaciation, polydipsia, polyuria, dullness, oedema of hind limbs, diarrhoea, respiratory distress, hepatodynia, haemorrhages, icterus, corneal opacity, unkempt hair coat and nervous signs. Eighteen dogs were selected randomly irrespective of their age, sex, breed and were divided into 3 groups with 6 animals in each group namely Group B. Group C, Group D and were subjected to different therapeutic protocol i.e. urosdeoxycholic acid + L-Ornithine L-Aspartate, urosdeoxycholic acid + silymarin and urosdeoxycholic acid without any combination respectively in each group, changes in their vital parameter, hematobiochemical profile was noticed and were compared to 6 dogs in healthy Group A at different interval of time. Changes in vital parameters included significant increase in respiration rate, pulse rate and heart rate as compared to healthy group A while temperature in different treatment group increased nonsignificantly. Findings of haematological examination revealed significant decrease in Hb, PCV, TEC, platelets, lymphocytes whereas there was significant increase in neutrophils in different treatment group as compared to healthy group A. There was significant increase in clotting time in dogs affected with hepatic dysfunction. Findings of biochemical parameter revealed significant increase in total bilirubin ALT, AST, GGT, ALP whereas there was significant decrease in total protein, albumin, A:G ratio, blood glucose in different treatment group as compared to healthy group A. Analysis of urine sample on day of presentation revealed urine with low specific gravity, acidic pH and yellow to dark yellow colour along with presence of urobilinogen and bilirubin in majority of the cases. Radiography and ultrasonography and were found useful in diagnosis of canine hepatic dysfunction. Ultrasonography had additional advantage over radiography with evaluation of echogenicity, echotexture, size, shape and margins of liver. From the comparative therapeutic study, it was established that combination of urosdeoxycholic acid + L-Ornithine L-Aspartate had better improvements in dogs with hepatic dysfunction followed by combination of urosdeoxycholic acid + silymarin and urosdeoxycholic acid without any combination. Regular monitoring with proper therapeutics in dogs affected with hepatic dysfunction can contribute towards good prognosis.ThesisItem Open Access Clinico-diagnostic findings of canine parvovirus infection and its therapeutic management with special reference to faecal microbiota transplantation(G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 2022-07) Kalita, Jyoti Chanda; Amit, PrasadThe present research work “clinico-diagnostic findings of canine parvovirus infection and its therapeutic management with special reference to faecal microbiota transplantation” was carried out in the Department of Veterinary Medicine and Dr. I. P. Singh Veterinary Clinical Complex and Trauma Centre, C.V.A.Sc., G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand between October 2021 and March 2022 for a period of 6 months. In addition, an epidemiological study of Canine Parvovirus in and around Pantnagar was performed between June, 2021 and June, 2022 for a period of one year. The prevalence study comprised 2068 cases of the total canine population out of which 627 animals (30.32%) had clinical indication of gastroenteritis. On the basis of screening by Rapid Antigen Test and confirmation by conventional PCR, 258/627 (41.15%) cases were found to be positive for Canine Parvovirus. The breed wise prevalence of Canine Parvovirus breed wise was found to be highest in mongrels (51.16%), followed by exotic breeds such as Labrador retriever (9.68%), German Shepherd (8.53%) and Rottweiler (8.14%) respectively. Out of 258 cases positive for Canine Parvovirus, the males were more affected as compare to the females. The prevalence of CPV was maximal in the age group of 3-6 months (43.41%), followed by pups of less than 3 months of age (31.40%), 6-12 months year group (20.93%) and >12 months year group (4.26%) respectively. The clinical cases presented had history of Anorexia, lethargy, dyspnoea, continuous vomiting and diarrhoea which is mostly haemorrhagic in nature, either pyrexia or hypothermia. Respiration rate and rectal temperature were non- significantly increased; whereas heart rate was significantly increased in the affected group as compared to the healthy control group. Significant decline in levels of haemoglobin, PCV, TEC, TLC, Neutrophils (%) while significant increase in Lymphocytes (%) was evident in the initial stage which returned to normal with recovery. The Overall results of the present study shows that the dogs of therapeutic groups were having hypoproteinaemia, hypoglobulinaemia, hypoalbuminemia, hyponatremia, increased ALP, AST, BUN, levels as compared to the healthy control group of dogs. Arrhythmias were found in 14.34% of affected dogs, with sinus tachycardia, supraventricular tachycardia, short PR intervals, deep negative T waves being the foremost common. From the comparative management of canine parvoviral enteritis, it was established that, group treated with faecal microbiota transplantation along with symptomatic therapy showed remarkable improvement in terms of resolution of diarrhoea i.e., 4/6 (66.67%) cases within 48 hours of therapy. All (100%) dogs were managed with symptomatic treatment according to the clinical signs observed.ThesisItem Open Access Assessment of antibacterial activity of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis leaves in clinic therapeutic management of salmonellosis in poultry(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2021-08) Negi, Anjali; Prasad, AmitThe present study was conducted to assess the antibacterial activity of hydromethanolic extract of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis leaves in clinico therapeutic management of salmonellosis in poultry. An inhibition zone of around 14 mm was seen around disc impregnated with 500 mg/ml concentration of plant extract against Salmonella Typhimurium. A total of 80, day old broiler chicks were procured and divided into 4 groups (I to IV) with 20 chicks in each group. Group I served as healthy control without any infection and treatment. Group II was kept as infected control. At 8 day old of age, birds of group II, III and IV were challenged with 3x109 CFU/ml of Salmonella Typhimurium. Birds in group III and IV were treated with antibiotic (ofloxacin) and hydromethanolic extract of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis leaves in drinking water respectively. Growth performance, clinical signs, mortality rate, haematological and biochemical parameters were recorded to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of herbal extract. Clinical signs and mortality rate were less severe in antibiotic and extract treated group than infected control group. Extract treated group had better FCR, weight gain and feed intake than infected control group. Among the hematological parameters, higher values of TLC and heterophils and lower lymphocyte percent were recorded in infected control group. Heterophil count was higher in extract supplemented group than antibiotic group whereas lymphocyte percent in both treatment groups was similar to healthy control group. Biochemical studies revealed no significant difference in total protein, albumin and globulin level in both treatment groups at 14 and 21day post infection. Higher ALT and AST values were observed in infected control group. Plant extract treated group had significantly lower ALT and AST values than ofloxacin treated and infected control group. It was therefore concluded that supplementation of herbal extract in drinking water was effective in controlling Salmonella Typhimurium infection as it not only controlled infection but also improved growth performance, alleviated clinical signs, showed hepatoprotective activity and also resulted in lesser mortality rate.ThesisItem Open Access Studies on prevalence of canine cardiac ailments and clinico-pathological, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of endocarditis in dogs(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2021-08) Sawan Kumar; Singh, J.L.The present research work “Studies on prevalence of canine cardiac ailments, clinico-pathological, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of endocarditis in dogs” was carried out in the Department of Veterinary Medicine and Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, C.V. A. Sc, GBPUAT, Pantnagar from July 2020 to June 2021. In addition, a prevalence study of Canine Cardiac ailments was carried out by conducting the Retrospective study and Routine Heart Health screening at different Veterinary polyclinics, of Dehradun, Haldwani and Rudrapur of Uttarakhand & nearby Veterinary Institutions (NDVSU, Jabalpur and DUVASU, Mathura). The prevalence study comprised 51655 cases of the total canine population. 3056 (5.91%) of canine population had clinical evidence of cardiac problems and 57 (0.11%) cases of cardiac diseases were determined to be positive for Endocarditis. Out of 3056 cases studied for different cardiac diseases, the highest prevalence was of cardiac arrhythmias (1352, 44.14%) followed by Dilated Cardiomyopathy (728, 23.82%), Mitral valve insufficiency (413,13.51%), Pericardial effusion (275, 8.99%), Heart worm infection (156, 5.10%), Coronary artery disease (75, 2.45%) and, Endocarditis (57, 1.86%). Maximum prevalence of endocarditis was found in Mathura (0.137%) followed by Rudrapur (0.126%), Dehradun (0.121%), Pantnagar (0.102%), Haldwani (0.094%) and, Jabalpur (0.070%). Out of 57 cases of Endocarditis of different regions, the males were more affected as compare to the females. The prevalence of Endocarditis was uppermost in the 7-9 Year age group (33.33%) followed by > 9 year age group (24.56%), 4-7 year age group (19.29%), 2-4 year age group (15.78%). The breed wise prevalence of Endocarditis of breeds like Labrador, German sepherd, Pomeranian, Non Discript, Doberman, Beagle, and Dalmantian was 29.82%, 22.80%, 14.03%, 12.28%, 10.52%, 7.01% and, 3.50%, respectively. Most of the clinical cases were presented with a history of fever, Exercise intolerance, Anorexia or Inappetance, Ascites, Pedal edema, Dyspnoea at rest, Hepato-jugular pulsation, lameness or arthritis. An extracardiac murmur was heard during the auscultation of dogs is considered to be the differential point of diagnosis from other cardiac disorders. Respiration rate, heart rate and rectal temperature were increased in dogs affected with canine endocarditis and shows significant variation as compare to the healthy control group. There was significant decreases observed in levels of haemoglobin, PCV, TEC. while significant increase in Neutrophils and TLC throughout the entire study. The Overall results of the present study shows that the dogs of therapeutic groups were having hypoproteinemia, hyponatremia, increased ALT, AST, BUN, Total cholesterol, LDH, and serum CKMB levels as compared to the healthy control group of dogs. Arrhythmias were found in 60 % to 70 % of affected dogs, with ventricular arrhythmias, supraventricular tachycardia, atrial fibrillation and Premature ventricular complexes being the foremost common. Radiographic findings of endocarditis in present study were cardiomegaly, accumulation of fluid in the abdominal area, cardiac chamber enlargement, lesions of cardiopulmonary involvement, pneumonitis, severe cardiomegaly with right side enlargement, Pulmonary congestion with pleural fluid. M- mode echocardiography was used and findings were vegetative lesions on the valves, increased internal diameter of cardiac chambers and erosive lesions on the valve. From the comparative treatment of canine endocarditis, it was established that the combination of Cefotaxime and Amikacin is best followed by Amoxicillin+Clavulanate, Marbofloxacin, and Doxycycline, with percent recovery of 66.66%, 50%, 33.33%, and 16%, respectively. Ancillary and supportive treatment was provided to the dogs according to the clinical signs observed. Dogs suffering from pedal edema and ascites were treated with furosemide, dogs showing dyspnoea were provided Theophylline+Etophylline to combat the condition, and atenolol, enalapril, antipyretics, and multivitamins were also the part of treatment.ThesisItem Open Access Studies on ameliorative efficacy of Ocimum tenuiflorum and Zanthoxylum armatum in gentamicin induced acute renal toxicity rat model(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2021-08) Thakur, Neeraj; Shukla, S.K.Acute kidney injury is a wide-ranging term that refers to a variety of conditions. In this study, experimental rat model was used to evaluate the in vivo therapeutic efficacies of hydroethanolic extracts of Ocimum tenuiflorum and Zanthoxylum armatum. The present study was carried out for 8 days, and was divided into 6 groups viz. group I: healthy control, group II: disease control (Gentamicin (GM) @ 100 mg/Kg BW Intraperitoneally (IP)), group III: standard treatment (GM @ 100 mg/Kg BW IP + Cystone syrup @ 5 mL/Kg BW PO), group IV: O. tenuiflorum extract EC50 (GM @ 100 mg/Kg BW IP + O. tenuiflorum extract @ 400 mg/Kg BW PO), group V: Z. armatum extract EC50 (GM @ 100 mg/Kg BW IP + Z. armatum extract @ 400 mg/Kg BW PO) and group VI: vitamin D (GM @ 100 mg/Kg BW IP + vitamin D @ 0.4 μg/kg/day SC). On day 4 and 8, urine volume, urine creatinine, urine urea nitrogen and potassium levels were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in group II than healthy control, whereas in group III, IV, V and VI, these levels were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than group II. In group II, urine total protein, albumin and sodium levels were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than group I, while group III, IV, V and VI were having significantly (P < 0.05) lower levels than group II. Serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and potassium levels were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in group II, III, IV, V and VI as compared to group I, while in group III, IV, V and VI these levels were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than group II. Lipid peroxide (LPO) levels were significantly (P < 0.05) higher, and reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) levels were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in group II as compared to group I. GSH, SOD and CAT levels were significantly (P < 0.05) higher, and LPO levels were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in group III, IV, V and VI as compared to group II. Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF α) levels were significantly (P < 0.05) higher, and interleukin 10 (IL 10) levels were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in group II, while in treatment groups, TNF α levels were significantly (P < 0.05) lower, and IL 10 levels were significantly (P < 0.05) higher as compared to group II. Cystatin C, kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM 1) and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) levels were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in group II as compared to group I, whereas in group III, IV, V and VI, these levels were significantly (P < 0.05) lower as compared to group II. Gross and histopathological examination of kidney and other vital organs also revealed reduction in severity of damage in groups treated with O. tenuiflorum and Z. armatum plant extracts. Urinary cystatin C, KIM 1 and GGT as well as serum cystatin C and KIM 1 can be employed for detection of early kidney injury. The present study findings revealed the nephroprotective efficacy of O. Tenuiflorum and Z. armatum plant extracts, but further detailed studies are warranted to find the constituents responsible for such activity.ThesisItem Open Access Clinico hematobiochemical studies and comparative therapeutic evaluation of Ageratum conyzoides and Andrographis paniculata in poultry Coccidiosis with special reference to economic impact assessment(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2021-02) Singh, Anand Kumar; Bhatt, PrakashThe present investigation was undertaken to study the prevalence of coccidiosis in commercial broiler and layer farms of Uttarakhand, India from July 2019 to December 2020 along with the economic losses assessment due to coccidiosis. Anticoccidial activity of some herbal extracts along with the economic assessment was evaluated at commercial poultry farm where coccidiosis was observed on the basis of faecal examination and clinical signs. The identification of the coccidian parasite was confirmed by gross lesion site, oocyst morphology and sporulation time of oocyst. Clinical signs included bloody droppings, ruffled feather, anemia, intestinal hemorrhages. The efficacy of herbal drugs was compared with amprolium. The economic loss was assessed with help of various parameters viz., chemoprophylaxis cost, chemotherapeutic cost, mortality loss, reduced body weight gain, increased FCR, etc. The prevalence of disease was recorded to be 22.50% and in above 03 week age group (100%). The physiochemical and phytochemical analysis of crude Ageratum conyzoides, crude Andrographis paniulata and ethanolic extract of Andrographis paniulata revealed that these plants were rich in crude protein, crude fiber, NFE, organic matter, minerals, alkaloids, sterols, glycosides, phenols, protein, tannins, flavanoid, terpenoids, etc. The HPLC analysis of crude and ethanolic extract of Andrographis paniculata showed presence of several biological active compounds. In vivo anticoccidial activity of crude and ethanolic extracts of these plants was assessed either alone or in combination and compared the activity with the standard anticoccidial drugs amprolium. 100 broiler chicks were taken and randomly divided in 5 groups of 20 birds each. The efficacy of these extracts was evaluated on the basis of parasitological, haematological, and biochemical studies. It was concluded from the study that ethanolic extract of Andrographis paniculata, herb complex (1:1) and crude Andrographis paniculata revealed better anticoccidial activity against mixed Eimeria infection in broiler which was comparable with amprolium. Total economic losses were Rs. 1407.12, 1146.26, 992.45 and 2406.99 in herbal treated groups treated with crude extract of Ageratum conyzoides, Andrographis paniculata, combination of Ageratum conyzoides and Andrographis paniculata and ethanolic extract of Andrographis paniculata as compared to amprolium treated group in which the loss was Rs. 1597.44.