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ThesisItem Open Access A comparative study of social and emotional maturity of senior school adolescents of Pantnagar(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2009-08) Pant, Kusha; Singh, RituThe term adolescence comes from the Latin verb adolescere, which simply means to grow to maturity. By the end of adolescence period, the adolescent is expected not only to be physically and cognitively mature but also be socially and emotionally mature, that is, he must be ready to face the world alone without his parents or teachers to act as buffers, as they did when he was a child. It is so, as emotional maturity and social maturity are vital for attaining success and happiness in adult life. The 21st century is an era of technological revolution. Due to changes in technology, the environment today is changing as never before. Adolescent today is exposed to vast, unlimited and uncensored information along with increased pressure due to high competitiveness, expectation from family and peers. In this dynamic environment, adolescents are finding it difficult to adjust themselves, and sometimes even getting succumbed to the environmental pressure. This is quite evident from the increase in number of criminal, suicidal, drug abuse and rape cases where adolescents are involved. In some extreme cases, adolescents are used by terrorist groups as a weapon of terror as it is very easy to influence them due to their low social and emotional maturity levels. The present study was undertaken to assess if the senior school adolescents of Pantnagar have successfully attained the developmental milestones of adolescence especially social and emotional maturity and are ready to face this fast changing and demanding world efficiently, courageously and responsibly as an ideal citizen of the society. All the adolescents studying in class XI of Campus School, GGIC and PIC were selected for the present study making a total of two hundred & seventy seven (277) respondents. The self-designed socio-demographic questionnaire was used to study the socio-demographic characteristics of class XI students of the selected schools. Social maturity and emotional maturity of the students was assessed through Rao‟s Social Maturity Scale by Nalini Rao and Emotional Maturity Scale by Y. Singh and M. Bhargava, respectively. The present study revealed that girls were more socially adequate than boys whereas boys were more socially adjusting than girls. Adolescents having three or more siblings were also observed to be more personally adequate than those having one or no sibling. However, adolescents having one or no sibling were significantly higher on emotional progression and personality integration component of emotional maturity than those having two siblings. Another observation was that adolescents who were 1st born were significantly more socially mature, emotionally stable and socially adjusting than 2nd born. Adolescents whose fathers were educated upto intermediate or above were significantly more personally adequate than those whose were either illiterate or educated only upto matric but father‟s level of education did not influence the emotional maturity of adolescents. On the other hand, respondents whose mothers were PG or above were significantly more personally adequate than those whose mothers were illiterate or educated upto matric. They were also observed to be significantly higher on emotional progression than the rest. Respondents whose fathers and mothers were Class 1 or Class 2 employee were significantly more socially and emotionally mature than those whose were Class 3 and Class 4 employee. Adolescents of non-working mothers were also seen to be significantly more socially and emotionally mature than of Class 3 and Class 4 employee. Higher and upper middle class adolescents were seen to be significantly more personally adequate than those from rest of the classes but higher class adolescents were significantly low on social adequacy than others. Adolescents from higher class were also observed to be more socially adjusting and independent than those from lower class and on the whole more emotionally mature than those from rest of the classes. Respondents from joint family were more personally, interpersonally and socially adequate and thus, socially mature than those from nuclear family. Similarly they were significantly higher on emotional stability, emotional progression, social adjustment, personality integration and independence component of emotional maturity than those from nuclear family. Social maturity and emotional maturity was found to be significantly positively correlated across gender, number of siblings, birth order, family income, family type, parent‟s education and occupation.ThesisItem Open Access A comparative study on moral judgment ability of Sri Sathya Sai Bal Vikas and Non Bal Vikas Children from the capital cities of Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2009-07) Priyanka; Ahuja, AbhaAn attempt has been made to study the status of moral judgment ability of Sri Sathya Sai Bal Vikas and Non Bal Vikas children aged 6- 11 years, in capital cities of Uttarakhand i.e. Dehradun and Uttarpradesh i.e. Lucknow. Moral judgment test was administered on a randomly selected sample of 360 children i.e. 180 Bal Vikas children (90 from Uttarakhand, 90 from Uttarpradesh) and 180 Non Bal Vikas children (90 from Uttarakhand, 90 from Uttarpradesh, divided into three age groups i.e. 6- 7 years, 8- 9 years and 10- 11 years, having 30 children in each age group. A questionnaire eliciting self report on daily habits and moral behavior of children was given to 40 Bal Vikas children (20 from Uttarakhand and 20 from Uttarpradesh) and 40 Non Bal Vikas children (20 from Uttarakhand and 20 from Uttarpradesh) selected randomly from the 360 children studied for The moral judgment ability. Thirty sessions of 40 minutes each Bal Vikas and Non Bal Vikas classes were observed using observation schedule for teaching techniques used in teaching. Results revealed significant difference in the moral judgment ability of Sri Sathya Sai Bal Vikas children and Non Bal Vikas children. Almost half (52.27%) Bal Vikas children had very high and 35% Bal Vikas children had high ability of moral judgment, whereas, only 12.22% Non Bal Vikas children had very high and 12.77% had high ability of moral judgment. A great percentage of Non Bal Vikas children (29.44%) had low moral judgment ability as compared to only 3.88% Bal Vikas children. 23.88% Non Bal Vikas children showed very low ability of moral judgment, whereas none of the Bal Vikas children had very low moral judgment ability. A significant relation was found between ages and moral judgment ability of children at 0.01 level of significance (df 16.81). Gender differences were observed as 38.33% girls had very high ability of moral judgment as compared to boys (26.66%) whereas more number of boys (21.11%) showed low moral judgment ability as compared to the girls (12.22%). Majority of Bal Vikas children reported desired moral behavior in most of the given situations as compared to Non Bal Vikas children through the questionnaire eliciting daily habits and moral behavior. The most interesting thing observed in Sri Sathya Sai Bal Vikas classes was teaching techniques used by Bal Vikas gurus i.e. prayer, story telling, silent sitting, group activities, role playing, and value games to inculcate values of truth, righteous conduct, love, peace and non violence in children. Whereas, in Non Bal Vikas classes teachers mainly focused on completing syllabus through lectures using blackboards as the teaching material. A sound interaction of gurus with every child was observed in Bal Vikas classes, but in contrast, there was a good interaction of Non Bal Vikas teachers with only the brighter students of the class. Findings of the present study suggest that Sri Sathya Sai Bal Vikas Programe be added in schools for one hour session at least once a week, preferably on Saturdays, so that children will be able to get exposure of varied teaching techniques for inculcating moral values in them and it would also add to their academic performance by better discipline and commitment.ThesisItem Open Access A study on health status of hill farm women and the physical and motor development of their children(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2008-07) Nagarkoti, Vineeta; Maurya, Suman PrasadWomen have always played a pivotal role in our society in general and in agriculture, particular. In their varied roles as agricultural labourers, dejure landowners, defacto household heads, or as self cultivators and manager of their homesteads. Women are the invisible backbone of Indian agriculture. Among the many problems faced by the women their health status remains a major concern. The issues of health for women are a natural and organic concomitant of their lives. Women health is therefore, of crucial importance. The present research study was taken up with the objective to assess the health status of status of hill farm women in Dotiyal gaon of Takula block in Almora district of Uttarakhand state. The descriptive ex-post facto research design has been conducted with the total sample size of 100 respondents comprising of 50 mothers and their 50 children under four years of age. An open ended interview schedule consisting of different sections was used to elicit information on hill farm women pertaining to their knowledge, health and practices. The Body Mass Index (BMI) and haemoglobin level of hill farm women were assessed to determine the health profile of hill farm women. Weights of their children were taken for assessing the physical development. Bayley Scales of Infant Development II was administered to assess the motor development index of hill farm women children. It was found that hill farm women were lacking proper knowledge regarding nutrition and health. Hill farm women (60%) did not have knowledge about balanced diet, 42% were not aware of nutrients namely calcium, vitamin A and iron; 68% did not have knowledge about anaemia; while 90% were unaware of their blood group. Majority of hill farm women (80%) were found to spend 15-16 hours per day in performing household and farm chores. They had poor health profile with low BMI and low haemoglobin level. Only 26% had normal BMI i.e., 20.0-25.0 and 90% had haemoglobin <12gm%.More than half (66%) women delivered their baby at home and 64% had deliveries under the supervision of trained aaya of the village. Some unhealthy practices were found like certain food items were abstained during pregnancy and lactation period. Majority of farm women (86%) breast fed their child on demand. All hill farm women initiated weaning of their child at the age of five to six month. Only 22% fed colostrum to their child. Farm women (80%) spent only one to two hours per day with their child. Hill farm women children (42%) were moderately malnourished and 82% children were found within normal limits of motor development on Bayley Scales of Infant Development. A positive and significant relationship between nutritional and health knowledge and health profile of mothers (hill farm women) with physical and motor development of their children was found at 0.01% level of significance (df 2). For the development of hill farm women an awareness regarding health care practices is required. Study suggests improvement in the health status of hill farm women through intervention in different health related areas.