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2015 - 20176
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Subject: Extension Education × Start date: 2004 × Type: Thesis ×
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Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    A study on awareness among rural youth of Tehri Garhwal district of Uttarakhand about available livelihood options
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2017-06) Josh, Divyata; Kashyap, S.K.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    A study of marketing needs of women Self Help Groups (SHGs) in Dehradun district of Uttarakhand
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2016-07) Shah, Priyanka; Bhardwaj, Neelam
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Farmers’ perception about climate change and strategies to cope-up with climate change in Uttar Pradesh
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2016-12) Joshi, Sharad; Ansari, M.A.
    Climate change has been recognized globally as the most pressing critical issue affecting the mankind survival. It is expected to have serious environmental, economic and social impacts on Indian agriculture. Perception of the farmers is also changing with the change in climate. They are more concerned about the climate change as it is directly or indirectly affecting the crop production. Many studies discovered that climate change has more negative impact than positive impact. In several states of India, situation has compelled the poor farmers to commit suicide. To overcome agricultural risk, farmers have adopted different coping strategies. Hence, a study entitled “Farmers’ Perception about Climate Change and Strategies to Cope-up with Climate Change in Uttar Pradesh State” was designed to study the perception of farmers about climate change and to develop more efficient coping strategies for tackling the adverse situation beforehand. The state of Uttar Pradesh state was the universe of the study. Out of 75 districts, two districts, viz. Hardoi and Lucknow were selected purposively. One block from each of the districts was selected purposively; namely, Kothawa and Bakshi ka Talab from Hardoi and Lucknow, respectively. Two villages were purposively selected from the selected blocks, viz. Janakinagar and Sair Bahadurpur from Kothawa block and Bhauli and Dhinauri from Bakshi ka Talab block. 30 farmers were randomly selected from each village, thus forming a total of 120 respondents. A structured interview schedule was designed and pre-tested by the researcher to collect the data. Analytical research design was adopted and statistical techniques like mean, frequency, percentage, standard deviation, t-test and multiple regression were applied to carry out the purposeful interpretation of the collected data and fulfill the objectives of the study. The findings of the study revealed that maximum number of respondents were young-aged (62.5 percent), illiterate (30.83 percent), males (98.33 percent), had medium family size (78.34 percent) and farming as occupation (88.33 percent). Majority of the respondents had low farming experience (85.83 percent), medium land holding (47.50 percent), low annual income (56.67 percent), high level of economic motivation (62.5 percent), medium level of scientific orientation (71.65 percent), low level of mass media exposure (60 percent), medium level of information seeking behavior (91.66 percent), low level knowledge about coping strategies (56.67 percent) and high perception about climate change (54.17 percent). Occupation had highly positive significant relationship with perception whereas age, education, mass media exposure and ownership, knowledge about coping strategies and farming experience had a positive significant relationship. Gender, family size, landholding, annual income, decision making ability, scientific orientation, information seeking behavior and only economic motivation had negative non-significant relationship. Coefficient of determination value (R2) was 0.43 that means there was 43 percent variation in the dependent variable due all independent variable. Whereas age and knowledge about coping strategies were highly significantly related with farmers perception about climate change and education and mass media exposure were significantly related with perception about climate change.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    A study on discontinuance of agricultural innovations by farmers in Udham Singh Nagar district of Uttarakhand
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2016-06) Huria, Arpit; Kameswari, V.L.V.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    A study on entrepreneurial potential of beekeepers in Tamil Nadu
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2015-07) Esakkimuthu, M.; Kameswari, V.L.V.
    About half of India’s population is supported by agriculture. Hence, India’s development continues to be determined by agriculture sector and this situation is unlikely to change in the near future. The country recorded impressive achievements in agriculture during three decades since the onset of Green Revolution in the late sixties. But, in recent years, these had been a sharp decline in the average size of operational land holdings in India and the average farm size has been reduced to half (from 2.28 ha in 1970-71 to 1.16 ha in 2012-13). Small and marginal holders face several problems in agriculture like shortage of good quality seeds, lack of mechanization and irrigation facilities, inadequate warehousing, scarcity of capital, absence of marketing network, lack of value addition technology, etc. which makes agriculture economically unviable. However, small scale agriculture can be made profitable through product diversification and entrepreneurship. In rural India, there is a tremendous scope for developing agri-enterprises such as mushroom cultivation, lack culture, horticultural seedling production, sericulture, ornamental plants production and paddy cum pisiculture, etc. which can not only increase the farmers’ income but also help in making agriculture sustainable. Beekeeping is one such remunerative agri-enterprise. Tamil Nadu has a high potential for developing apiculture due to large scale cultivation of horticultural crops which are the main source of nectar. In Tamil Nadu, beekeeping is being promoted among farmers on a large scale. At present, a number of co-operative societies, NGOs, government agencies and research and educational institutions are engaged in popularizing beekeeping among farmers in the state by providing training and inputs at subsidized rates. Hence, the present study was undertaken with the following objectives; viz: to study the socio-economic and communication characteristics of beekeepers, to find out the extent of adoption of scientific beekeeping technologies by beekeepers, to assess the entrepreneurial potential of beekeepers, to find out the relationship between extent of adoption of scientific beekeeping technologies and entrepreneurial potential of beekeepers, to assess the relationship between socio-economic and communication characteristics and their entrepreneurial potential and to identify the constraints experienced by beekeepers in the study area. The present study was conducted in Kanniyakumari district of Tamil Nadu state. Kanniyakumari district was selected purposively as several agencies are actively involved in promoting beekeeping in the district, it accounts for more than 70% of honey produced in the state and receives both south-west and north-east monsoon which is conducive for cultivation of horticultural crops. Kanniyakumari district has nine blocks and village having maximum number of beekeepers was selected from each block. In the next stage of sampling, 50 per cent beekeepers from each village were selected using simple random sampling. Thus, a sample of 213 respondents was selected for data collection using a pretested interview schedule. The findings of the study revealed that majority of the respondents were educated up to primary level, had land holding of less than one hectare, belonged to medium size family, and earn up to Rs. 50,000 per annum. Majority of the respondents also have medium level of mass media exposure, extension agency contact, extension participation, credit orientation and have attended more than three training programmes. Regarding extent of adoption of scientific beekeeping technologies by the beekeepers, it was found that majority (72.77 per cent) of the beekeepers have a high level of adoption. It was found that 84.51 per cent beekeepers have high overall entrepreneurial potential. Further, it was found that majority of the respondents also have a high level of risk taking ability (98.12 per cent), economic motivation (83. 57 per cent), and need for achievement (63.38 per cent) but medium level of selfconfidence (88.26 per cent) and innovativeness (57.75 per cent). Extent of adoption of scientific beekeeping technologies had significant negative relationship with entrepreneurial potential of beekeepers. Correlation analysis between socio-economic and communication characteristics of beekeepers and entrepreneurial potential revealed that educational status and size of the land holding have significant negative relationship with entrepreneurial potential of beekeepers. Lack of technical-know about disease management technologies, absence of specific government schemes for beekeepers, lack of minimum support price, absence of organized market and shortage of storage facilities at reasonable price were the major constraints faced by beekeepers.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on heterosis, transgressive segregation, selection index, and determination of parental molecular diversity in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2015-02) Joshi, Meenakshi; Singh, Kamendra
    The present investigation was taken up to make single crosses with the objectives to study heterosis, transgressive segregation, construction of selection index, character association and their direct and indirect effects on yield and molecular marker diversity analysis using twenty different SSR primers for effective selection and improvement of crop plant. For field experiment 43 genotypes of soybean comprising of 23 crosses, 19 parents and 1 check were evaluated in F1 and F2 generation using completely randomized block design with two replications during kharif, 2013 and 2014 at Norman E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar. The Analysis of variance was found highly significant for all the characters undertaken. The nature and magnitude of heterosis revealed that high heterosis for seed yield was mostly accompanied by heterosis for major yield contributing traits. The range of heterosis for yield per plant varied from -42.63 (PS 1421 X NRC 90) to 89.61 per cent (PS 1092 X PP 6), -46.7 (PS 1421 X NRC 90) to 51.01 per cent (PS 1042 X TGX 1681-3F) and 38.15 (PS 1347 X DS 9814) to 87.63 per cent (PS 1092 X PP 6) over mid, better and standard parents, respectively. Four crosses viz., PS 1042 X TGX 1681-3F, PS 1042 X PP6, PS 1092 X PP 6 and PS 1421 X JS 93-05 showed significant and positive heterosis over mid, better and standard parents in F1. In F2, the range of residual heterosis for yield per plant varied from -44.75 (JS 335 X UPSM 534) to 85.13 per cent (PS 1042 X Hardee), -54.95 (JS 335 X UPSM 534) to 80.0 per cent (PS 1042 X Hardee) and 38.4 (MACS 330 X VLS 59) to 77.9 per cent (PS 1042 X Hardee) over mid, better and standard parents, respectively. Four crosses viz.,PS 1042 X Hardee, PS 1042 X JS 335, PS 1092 X PP 6 and PS 1347 X TGX 1681- 3F showed significant and positive residual heterosis over mid parent, better parent and standard parent for yield per plant in F2. Cross PS 1092 X PP 6 showed significant and positive heterosis over mid, better and standard parents in both the generations for yield per plant. All the crosses showed positive transgressive segregants for yield per plant. Maximum frequency of positive transgressive segregants for yield per plant was recorded in cross PS 1042 X DS 9814 (96.7%) followed by PS 1347 X DS 9814 (90%), JS 335 X UPSM 534 (90%), PS 1042 X TGX 1681-3F (80%), PS 1347 X PS 1241 (76.7%), PS 1421 X JS 335 (76.7%), PS 1421 X PS 1042 (70%), PS 1042 X Hardee (70%), PS 1347 X TGX 1681-3F (66.7%), PS 1092 X PP 6 (60%), PS 1042 X PP 6 (60%), PS 1347 X PS 1225 (60%). Occurrence of transgressive segregants in segregating generation is helpful for the development of homozygous lines by continued selfing in crops like soybean. Use of index selection seemed to be an effective method and provides the means for making use of correlated characters for higher efficiency in selection for yield per plant. Highest expected genetic advance (EGA) and relative efficiency of selection (RES) was observed for the four character combination of yield per plant with plant height, number of pods per plant and dry matter weight per plant. Highest index score was recorded in cross DT 21 X PS 1042 (121.98) followed by PS 1042 X Hardee (118.39), PS 1042 X JS 335 (115.20), PS 1421 X JS 335 (102.92), PS 1421 X PS 1042 (102.42) and PS 1347 X TGX 1681-3F (101.21). High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for number of pods and dry matter weight per plant in F1 and F2 both generations. Present study revealed that in F1 and F2, dry matter weight per plant, harvest index, number of pods per plant, number of pods per cluster, days to maturity and 100- seed weight exhibited significant and positive correlation with yield per plant. Harvest index was the most positive direct contributor towards yield per plant followed by dry matter weight per plant and number of pods per plant. These characters also exhibited significant and positive correlation with yield per plant Highest index score was recorded in cross DT 21 X PS 1042 (121.98) followed by PS 1042 X Hardee (118.39), PS 1042 X JS 335 (115.20), PS 1421 X JS 335 (102.92), PS 1421 X PS 1042 (102.42) and PS 1347 X TGX 1681-3F (101.21)estimates between pair of different genotypes varied from 0.42 [between TGX 168 -3F and VLS 59, EC 389148 and DOKO, EC 389148 and PP 6] to 0.84 [between PS 1347 and JS 9305, JS 335and PS 1225, PS 1042 and Hardee, DT 21 and JS 335, PS 1092 and JS 335, PS 1092 and UPSM 534].The average number of alleles per primer was 1.9, while percentage of all bands showed that polymorphism was 100%. Three rare alleles, one of 200 bp with primer Satt197 in DOKO and second of 100bp with EC 389148 with primer Satt577 and third of 250 bp with primer Satt586 in TGX16813F were also identified, which can be used for identification and characterization of the genotypes. The UPGMA unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean) dendrogram constructed using Jaccard’s similarity coefficient of SSR marker data divided twenty soybean genotypes into two main groups namely group A and group B and seven clusters. On the basis of dendrogram, genotypes TGX 1681-3F and DS 9814 was found to be most distant.