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Subject: Animal Science × Author: Rikhari, Kusum × End date: 2009 × Start date: 2004 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of supplemental chromium picolinate on rumen metabolism, nutrient utilization, milk yield and its quality in crossbred cattle
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2008-10) Rikhari, Kusum; Tiwari, D.P.
    Two experiments were conducted to know the effects of chromium supplementation on nutrient utilization, rumen metabolism, milk yield, milk composition and quality and on certain blood biochemical constituents in crossbred cattle. In experiment l three fistulated adult male crossbred cattle assigned randomly to one of three treatments: Treatment 1, Control (without chromium supplementation), Treatment 2, 0.5 mg chromium per kg diet dry matter as chromium picolinate and Treatment 3, 1.0 mg chromium per kg diet dry matter as chromium picolinate in 3x3 latin square switch-over design for three periods. In experiment II, 16 crossbred lactating cows divided in 4 groups of 4 each were assigned to one of four treatments: Treatment 1, Control (without chromium supplementation), Treatment 2, 0.5 mg chromium per kg diet dry matter as chromium picolinate, Treatment 3, 1.0 mg chromium per kg diet dry matter as chromium picolinate and Treatment 4, 1.5 mg chromium per kg diet dry matter as chromium picolinate. Feeding trial lasted for 90 days. There was no significant effect on dry matter intake and digestibility of different nutrients due to supplementation of chromium in experiment I, whereas in experiment II there was significant (P<0.05) difference in dry matter intake per 100 kg body weight and also per kg metabolic body size among the treatments with higher intake in lactating crossbred cows of T4 (1.5 mg Cr/kg dry matter) than the other treatment groups. The mean concentration of total N was significantly (P<0.05) higher in T2 than T3, while TCA-ppt protein N, NPN and Ammonia-N and TVFA concentration did not differ significantly among the treatments but significantly varied between hours of sampling. The ruminal enzyme activities viz., carboxymethyl cellulase, α-amylase, xylanase, and α-glucosidase in rumen content also varied non-significantly with different levels of chromium supplementation, while β-glucosidase activity was significantly (P<0.05) higher in T1 than T2 in particulate material at 2h post-feeding and also significantly (P<0.05) higher in T1 and T2 than T3 in cellular material. Activity of all enzymes was higher in particulate material (PM fraction as compared to cellular fraction (C) and extra cellular fraction (EC). Cr supplementation tended to improvement in milk yield and milk composition. Furthermore, Cr supplementation tended to increase total unsaturated fatty acid concentration in all the chromium supplemented groups and significantly (P<0.01) higher in T2 (0.5 mg Cr/kg DM) supplemented groups than control. Glucose concentration, SGPT and SGOT activities were significantly (P<0.05) higher in all the chromium supplemented groups of cows. It is concluded from the results of the present study that dietary supplementation of chromium had no significant effect on rumen metabolism, however in lactating crossbred cows caused linear improvement in milk yield, milk composition as well as the milk quality.