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ThesisItem Open Access Performance Evaluation and Thermal Modelling of Box Type Multi-Shelf Inclined Solar-Cooker-cum-Dryer(Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2017) Manpreet SinghIn this study, a multi-shelf box type inclined solar cooker-cum-dryer (ISCCD) was developed and experimentally tested. The global solar radiation availability as well as thermal model has been developed for selected latitudes. For calculating monthly average daily solar insolation, hourly solar insolation and instantaneous solar intensity captured by ISCCD, a mathematical program using FREEMAT was developed. The model validation was carried out for different ISCCD parameters such as; upper and lower glass cover temperature, chamber air temperature, absorber plate temperature and temperature of water in the cooking vessel. The heat transfer analysis of parallelepiped cooking vessel was also performed. The top, side and bottom loss coefficients of ISCCD were calculated to find out overall heat loss coefficient which further used in evaluation of thermal efficiency. The cooking performance of ISCCD was tested as per BIS standards (IS Code – 14329) and observed that F1, F2 and tboil were 0.13, 0.45 and 194 minutes respectively. It was also concluded that inclined surface of ISCCD captures maximum incident solar radiation as compared to horizontal surface. Drying performance of ISCCD was evaluated by drying amla (gooseberry) with natural and forced convection drying (with medium (1.8 m s-1) and high speed (3.6 m s-1) of fan). For each case, the experiment was carried out with and without using north facing booster mirror to calculate moisture content, drying rate and drying time. Forced convection with medium speed of fan (1.8 m s-1) using booster mirror took less time (10.5 hrs) to reach equilibrium moisture content (1.66 % db). The Logarithmic model was found best by obtaining the determination of coefficient (R2) and standard error estimate (SEE).ThesisItem Open Access Studies on induction of mutation in Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.) through gamma irradiation(Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2014) Manpreet Singh; Madhu BalaThe present investigation "Studies on induction of mutation in Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.) through gamma irradiation" was carried out at Research Farm of Department of Floriculture and Landsacping, Punjab Agricultural University, during year 2012-2013. The rooted cuttings of two chrysanthemum varieties 'Gul-e-Sahir' and 'Bindiya' were treated with 0, 10, 20 and 30 Gy dose of gamma rays and planted in second week of August in Pots (20.32 cm). Evaluation was carried out for various vegetative and flowering characters. Maximum plant survival was recorded in untreated plants and reduction in plant survival increased with increasing doses of gamma irradiation. The maximum plant survival was 79.37% in 'Gul-e-Sahir' and 74.57% in 'Bindiya' at control i.e. 0 Gy dose. A reduction in number of branches and leaves per plant was recorded after gamma irradiation in both varieties at 30 Gy dose. The treatment with 30 Gy of gamma rays delayed the bud initiation as well as flowering in both varieties. Untreated plants of 'Gul-e-Sahir' and 'Bindiya' took 91.40 and 112.93 days to flower opening respectively. Flower size and number of ray florets also decreased with increased gamma irradiation. The leaf abnormalities were observed in terms of change in leaf shape, leaf size and floral abnormalities in terms of flower form which increased as the dose of gamma irradiation increased. In variety 'Gul-e-Sahir' four mutants were developed two at 10 Gy dose with green yellow colour and yellow colour with spoon shaped ray florets and other two at 20 Gy dose with yellow colour, flat and tubular ray florets. Three mutants were developed in variety 'Bindiya'. Two mutants were developed at 10 Gy with red colour, spoon and tubular ray florets. At 20 Gy one mutant was developed with red colour and irregular ray florets.
