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2010 - 20193
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Subject: Zoology × Author: Navjot Kaur × Type: Thesis ×
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    Impact of electromagnetic radiation emitted from cell phone towers on breeding biology of birds
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2019) Navjot Kaur; Vashishat, Nisha
    Birds are one of the most diverse and evolutionary successful groups which occupy almost every habitat on earth. Birds act asbiological indicator of an environment because of their tiny head with thin cranium, non-conducting plumages, high mobility and practice of inhabiting zones having high electromagnetic field. The present study deals with the impact of electromagnetic radiations emitted from cell phone tower on diversity and breeding biology of birds at two locations; location 1- Punjab Agricultural University (PAU), Ludhiana and location 2- village Baude, Moga. Three sites each with cell phone tower in the centre were selected at two locations and one site without any cell phone tower was selected as control site. The bird diversity was recorded within 200 m radius of cell phone tower and artificial nest boxes were installed to study the breeding biology of birds at selected sites. The maximum bird diversity was recorded at site II (17 bird species) of location 1 than the control site (12 bird species). In spite of the presence of cell phone tower there was significant difference amongst the bird diversity at site II and other selected sites under study which showed minimal effect of electromagnetic radiations on the avian diversity.This may be because the birds observed during the present study were not restricted to this area only and therefore were not under the continuous exposure of electromagnetic radiations. Common Myna occupied artificial nests at all the four selected sites under location 1 (PAU). Common Myna and House Sparrow occupied the artificial nest boxes for breeding at selected sites of location 2. The breeding success of Common Myna was ranging from 50-100% at control sites and 50-75% at sites having cell phone towers. House sparrows occupied 10-40% nests at sites of village Baude but further egg laying was not seen in these occupied nests. This may be attributed to the impact of continuous exposure of these birds to EMR (electromagnetic magnetic radiations) during the breeding season.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDY ON COMBINED EFFECT OF BROMADIOLONE AND CHOLECALCIFEROL (VITAMIN D3) AGAINST HOUSE RAT, Rattus rattus LINNAEUS
    (PAU Ludhiana, 2010) Navjot Kaur; Devinder Kaur, Kocher
    Commensal rodents, especially house rat (Rattus rattus Linnaeus) causes extensive losses by feeding and contaminating the food products and also plays a role in spreading several diseases of health importance. House rats were trapped from various commensal situations and were fed for 5 days in no-choice on standard baits of bromadiolone (0.005%) and cholecalciferol (0.075%) and their combinations having different concentrations mixed in WSO-mix bait. Male and female house rats showed 81.30% and 95.80% average acceptability of standard bait of bromadiolone over plain bait respectively. Hundred per cent mortality of male house rats was observed within 3-6 days, while all female rats died on 4th day of feeding of 0.005% bromadiolone. Both the sexes showed a significant increase in blood clotting time (sec) after 48 hours of feeding as compared to that of 0 hour. The acceptability of standard bait of cholecalciferol (0.075%) over plain bait was 40.10% and 35.30% in male and female house rats, respectively and 100% mortality was observed within 4-10 days in male and 7-14 days in female house rats. Feeding of standard bait of cholecalciferol resulted in stop feeding action in the form of significantly less consumption of this bait from 3rd day onward. Serum calcium level (mg/dL) was found to be significantly high in 0.075% cholecalciferol fed male and female rats after 48 hours of its feeding as compared to 0 hour. R. rattus when fed on four formulated baits having different concentrations of bromadiolone and cholecalciferol i.e. combination-I (0.0025% bromadiolone+0.05% cholecalciferol), combination-II (0.001% bromadiolone+0.05% cholecalciferol), combination-III (0.0025% bromadiolone+0.01% cholecalciferol) and combination-IV (0.001% bromadiolone+0.01% cholecalciferol). Out of these four tested formulated baits, combination-IV (having the lowest concentration of bromadiolone and cholecalciferol) showed efficient rodenticidal potential because of synergistic effect of bromadiolone and cholecalciferol in this combination. It was able to produce 100% mortality and showed a significant delay in blood clotting time (sec) and rise in serum calcium level and was cost effective also. R. rattus L trapped from commensal situations of Ludhiana area showed no resistance towards standard bait of bromadiolone (0.005%) as both male and female house rats (n=60) showed 100% mortality.
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    ThesisItemRestricted
    STUDY ON COMBINED EFFECT OF BROMADIOLONE AND CHOLECALCIFEROL (VITAMIN D3) AGAINST HOUSE RAT, Rattus rattus LINNAEUS
    (2010) Navjot Kaur; Kocher, Devinder Kaur
    by feeding and contaminating the food products and also plays a role in spreading several diseases of health importance. House rats were trapped from various commensal situations and were fed for 5 days in no-choice on standard baits of bromadiolone (0.005%) and cholecalciferol (0.075%) and their combinations having different concentrations mixed in WSO-mix bait. Male and female house rats showed 81.30% and 95.80% average acceptability of standard bait of bromadiolone over plain bait respectively. Hundred per cent mortality of male house rats was observed within 3-6 days, while all female rats died on 4th day of feeding of 0.005% bromadiolone. Both the sexes showed a significant increase in blood clotting time (sec) after 48 hours of feeding as compared to that of 0 hour. The acceptability of standard bait of cholecalciferol (0.075%) over plain bait was 40.10% and 35.30% in male and female house rats, respectively and 100% mortality was observed within 4-10 days in male and 7-14 days in female house rats. Feeding of standard bait of cholecalciferol resulted in stop feeding action in the form of significantly less consumption of this bait from 3rd day onward. Serum calcium level (mg/dL) was found to be significantly high in 0.075% cholecalciferol fed male and female rats after 48 hours of its feeding as compared to 0 hour. R. rattus when fed on four formulated baits having different concentrations of bromadiolone and cholecalciferol i.e. combination-I (0.0025% bromadiolone+0.05% cholecalciferol), combination-II (0.001% bromadiolone+0.05% cholecalciferol), combination-III (0.0025% bromadiolone+0.01% cholecalciferol) and combination-IV (0.001% bromadiolone+0.01% cholecalciferol). Out of these four tested formulated baits, combination-IV (having the lowest concentration of bromadiolone and cholecalciferol) showed efficient rodenticidal potential because of synergistic effect of bromadiolone and cholecalciferol in this combination. It was able to produce 100% mortality and showed a significant delay in blood clotting time (sec) and rise in serum calcium level and was cost effective also. R. rattus L trapped from commensal situations of Ludhiana area showed no resistance towards standard bait of bromadiolone (0.005%) as both male and female house rats (n=60) showed 100% mortality. Keywords: Bromadiolone, cholecalciferol, resistance, synergistic effect, R. rattus ___________________________