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20193
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Subject: Horticulture × Start date: 2017 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Heterosis and combining ability studies in watermelon for yield and quality traits [Citrulus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai]
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2019) Gurpreet Singh; Rajinder Singh
    The present investigation entitled “Heterosis and combining ability studies in watermelon for yield and quality traits [Citrulus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai]” was carried out at the Department of Vegetable Science, Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana, India, during 2017-2018 and 2018-2019. Ten lines were crossed with four testers in a line x tester fashion and forty hybrids were assessed for various yield and quality attributes. Magnitude due to general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) was found significant for most of the traits, indicating importance of both additive and non additive gene control in the inheritance of traits. The ratio of σ2SCA/ σ2GCA was more than unity indicating more influence of non additive genetic control except for days taken to first fruit harvest, number of fruits per plant, TSS and total carotenoids. The tester Arka Manik and Sugar Baby were good general combiners for most of the yield and quality parameters. While, among lines, EC-829875, WM-14 and EC-829870 were good combiners for most of the traits. The F1 Hybrids EC-829870 x Arka Manik for fruit number per vine, EC-829826 x Sugar Baby for total yield per acre, EC-829870 x Sugar Baby for number of days to first fruit harvest and 100 seed weight, WM-53 x EC-829852 for average fruit weight, EC-829826 x EC-829827 for seed number per fruit, EC-829870 x EC-829827 for TSS content and EC-8298226 x EC-829852 for lycopene content were stood out good specific combiners. The hybrids EC-829870 x Arka Manik for vine length, TSS and lycopene content, EC-829823 x EC-829852 for total fruit yield per plant, WM-14 x EC-829827 for number of fruits per plant, EC-829826 x Arka Manik for average fruit weight, number of primary branches, WM-53 x EC-829827 for internode length and EC-829870 x Sugar Baby for 100 seed weight were exhibited highest heterotic effect over better parent (BP). The hybrids EC-829870 x Arka Manik for vine length, EC-829826 x Aarka Manik for number of primary branches, EC-8829858 x Arka Manik for days to harvest first fruit, EC-829875 x Arka Manik for total fruit yield per plant, WM-14 x Sugar Baby for number of fruits per plant, EC-829826 x Arka Manik for average fruit weight, , EC-829823 x EC-829827 for internode length and KFF 1-1-2 x Sugar Baby for TSS were exhibited highest standard heterotic effect over check. The present investigation revealed that hybrids EC-829870 x EC 829827, WM-14 x sugar Baby, KFF 1-1-2 x Arka Manik were promising hybrids in terms of yield and quality traits and can be exploited commercially.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Inheritance of gynoecium, yield and quality traits of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2019) Tanveer Kaur; Dhall, R.K.
    Six generations (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1P1 and BC1P2) of cucumber were developed from crossing gynoecious parent (Gy-14) with three commercial varieties (Pusa Uday, Punjab Naveen and Pant Kheera-1) during Feb-May 2017 and September-December 2017 and were evaluated during Feb-May 2018 at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana to find out the genetics of gynoecium, yield and quality in cucumber. From the ABCD scaling test and three parameter model of joint scaling test, the absence of non-allelic interactions was detected for node at which first female flower appears in Gy-14 × Punjab Naveen and Gy-14 × Pant Kheera-1, number of primary branches per plant, fruit diameter in Gy-14 × Pusa Uday, number of fruits per plant in Gy-14 × Pusa Uday and Gy-14 × Pant Kheera-1, yield of marketable fruits per plant in Gy-14 × Pusa Uday and Gy-14 × Pant Kheera-1, total soluble solids, ascorbic acid in Gy-14 × Pusa Uday and Gy-14 × Pant Kheera-1 and mineral matter. In most of the traits duplicate type of epistasis was present which will reduce the net gain occurring from heterozygosity due to cancellation of dominance and epistatic effects. Among epistatic interactions, additive × dominance type was higher only for fruit weight in Gy-14 × Pant Kheera-1, whereas additive × additive type of interaction was observed to be higher for days to first fruit harvest in Gy-14 × Pusa Uday, fruit length and fruit breadth in Gy-14 × Pant Kheera-1 suggesting the use of pedigree method for improvement in these traits. In all the remaining traits such as node at which first female flower appears in Gy-14 × Pusa Uday, vine length, days to first fruit harvest in Gy-14 × Punjab Naveen and Gy-14 × Pant Kheera-1, fruit diameter in Gy-14 × Punjab Naveen, fruit weight in Gy-14 × Pusa Uday and Gy-14 × Punjab Naveen, number of fruits per plant in Gy-14 × Punjab Naveen, yield of marketable fruits per plant in Gy-14 × Punjab Naveen and ascorbic acid in Gy-14 × Punjab Naveen, dominance × dominance interaction was higher in magnitude, therefore these traits can be improved by heterosis breeding. Based on phenotypic scoring and SSR marker studies, it was observed that gynoecium was controlled by single dominant gene in all the crosses. It is further concluded that the SSR marker, SSR15516, can be used to check the transfer of gynoecium gene in the segregating populations of cucumber.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on effect of pruning time on fruit maturity, yield and quality of guava (Psidium guajava L.)
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2019) Ranveer Singh; Arora, N.K.
    The present investigation on “Studies on effect of pruning time on fruit maturity, yield and quality of guava (Psidium guajava L.)was conducted at Regional Fruit Research Station, Bahadurgarh, Patiala and Fruit Research Farm, Department of Fruit Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. On the entire tree, the 50 per cent portion from apex of one-year-old shoot was headed back on 15th and 30th of date of March, April, May and June months. Control trees were left unpruned. The tree growth parameters viz. net increase in tree height, spread and canopy volume recorded higher in control as compared to pruned trees. It was noticed that new shoot emergence and flowering delayed with delay in the pruning time. March-April pruning treatments recorded maximum flowering percentage during the months of April and May, while, May-June treatments shows maximum flowering percentage in the months of July and August. This shifting of flowering percentage in May pruned trees helps in the early fruit maturity and more yield during the winter season of guava. Maximum fruit weight, fruit number per plant, with highest fruit yield during winter season was obtained in trees, which subjected to pruning on 15th and 30th May. Times of pruning have non-significant effect on the total soluble solids and acidity of the guava fruit during both the seasons irrespective of variety; while, maximum vitamin C was found in May pruned trees. The present studies suggested that guava tree should be pruned between 15th and 30th May for early harvesting of quality fruits in winter season. The present studies suggested that guava tree should be pruned between 15th and 30th May for early harvesting of quality fruits in winter season.