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2016 - 201912020 - 20222
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Subject: Home Science Extension Education × End date: 2022 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Perception of farm families towards farming as an occupation
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2022) Rai, Anjana; Sidhu, Kiranjot
    The present study was conducted in Punjab to analyse the perception of 200 farm families represented by male child studying in class 10/11/12, father and mother towards farming as an occupation using an interview schedule. Majority of farm families were cultivating between 5 to 15 acres of land, annually earning upto three lakhs with farming as primary source of income. Loan for agricultural purposes was used for constructing houses, marriage or sending members abroad. WhatsApp was most used media. Prevalence of mono cropping was observed with product being sold in raw form in the nearest market. Very low physical involvement of mother and children was found in farming activities. Most of the farm families had negative perception towards farming as an occupation and it significantly varied within factors (economic, social, personal, physical and psychological) and zones but not between three members of the family. Farming and farm related enterprises were not the first choice of occupation. Government job was considered an occupation and was first choice of majority of parents and children. Going abroad was the first preference of those not interested in choosing any career options in India. Higher, fixed income, luxurious life, security, social status were basis for making the choice. Positive perception led to better ranking of farming Father and child who perceive farming to be economically profitable were more inclined towards it as an occupation. Families having more cultivated land perceive farming more positively as an occupation. Parents age, education and exposure to different media significantly and positively impacted their perception. Physical involvement of mother in farming impacted their perception . Socially active fathers were more inclined towards farming. Based upon the findings it is recommended that carrier counselling should be an integral part of school activities and children and their parents should be made aware of, not only the conventional occupational choices, but occupational choices which can be pursued along with farming but based upon aptitude of the child. They should be persuaded to learn skills particularly those which can help them to substitute income from farming and can be undertaken along with farming. Extension personnel should conduct programmes to improve perception towards farming and help children make appropriate occupational choices. Economic, social, physical, personal and psychological factors associated with farming should be highlighted during such programmes through sharing success stories in farming and allied activities.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Organizational culture and job satisfaction of employees in Indian universities: a comparative study
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2020) Gautam, Minakshi; Sukhjeet Kaur
    Organizational culture is a pattern of shared basic assumptions that was learned by a group of people as it solved its problems of external adaptation and internal integration that has worked well enough to be considered valid and, therefore, to be taught to new members as the correct way you perceive, think, and feel in relation to those problems. Organizational culture has much more influence on performance of employees by impacting the psychological state of employees and even the whole organization because job satisfaction of employees occupies the important place in the field of human resource management. Faculty of higher education institutes make a big community of this sector. They train, teach and lead their students to work efficiently in the interest of society. Therefore, keeping in view the present scenario of society, educational institutes this study attempts to explore the organizational culture type and to explore the relationship between organizational culture and employees job satisfaction of employees in selected universities. For this study 600 employees were selected from four state agricultural universities and four traditional universities by using simple random sampling technique. Data was collected by using self-structured questionnaire based on Cameroon and Quinn organizational culture model (1991) for organizational culture and Herzberg‘s motivation and hygiene theory for job satisfaction. Findings of the study revealed that hierarchy culture was the overall dominant culture followed by clan culture in all selected State Agricultural Universities and Clan culture was the overall dominant culture followed by hierarchy culture in all selected traditional universities. Faculty members from selected state agricultural universities (SAUs) and traditional universities (T.Us) had the medium level of job satisfaction. In conclusion, there is need to follow the organizations beliefs, values and basic assumptions for increasing the productivity, effectiveness and betterment of the organization and there is a need to make certain improvements so that satisfaction of the employees could be increased which can further lead to more productivity.
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    ThesisItemRestricted
    Impact Assessment of Selected Programmes of National Rural Health Mission in Punjab
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2016) Pandey, Vinita; Sukhjeet Kaur
    The present study attempts to analyze the impact of National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) programme in rural Punjab. Study was conducted in three socio-cultural zones of Punjab i.e. Majha, Malwa and Doaba. Proportionate random sampling technique was used to select the districts from each zone. Therefore, a total of eleven districts i.e. seven from Malwa, two from Majha and two from Doaba were covered under the study. The total sample for the study was 440 and it constituted 264 beneficiaries, 66 functionaries and 110 community leaders. Four health programme of National Health Mission was selected on the recommendation of the advisory committee. A self structured interview schedule was prepared to collect the data from beneficiaries and community leaders. Knowledge test was also constructed to test the knowledge of the functionaries about selected programmes. Results revealed that majority of the beneficiaries had medium level of awareness about all the selected programmes of National Rural Health Mission except T.B. Control Programme while community leaders of all the zones were least aware about all the selected programmes of National Rural Health Mission. Most of the functionaries had high level of knowledge about all the selected programmes of National Rural Health Mission. National Rural Health Mission had a great impact on health infrastructure, maternal mortality rate and infant mortality rate while after implementation of NRHM adoption of immunization practices, birth control methods and institutional deliveries has increased. Delay in medicine supply, lack of male health workers were the major problems faced by beneficiaries while functionaries’ major problems were inadequate sitting arrangement in the sub centres, incomplete medicine kit, heavy work load and insufficient incentives.