Thumbnail Image

Thesis

Browse

2011 - 201719
Reset filters
Subject: Floriculture and Landscaping × End date: 2017 × Start date: 2010 ×
Reset filters

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 9 of 19
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of growth regulators on in vivo budding in roses (Rosa hybrida L.)
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2017) Prabhjit Kaur; Grewal, H.S.
    The present investigations entitled “Effect of growth regulators on in vivo budding in roses (Rosa hybrida L.)” were carried out on the Research Farm, Department of Floriculture and Landscaping, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, during 2014-16. The experiments were conducted to study the effect of auxin on the rooting of the budded cuttings and cytokinin on bud take in Rosa hybrida L. in two different cultivars, viz. First Red and Grand Gala. The mature shoots (>1 yr old) of rootstocks, viz. R. indica var. odorata, R. multiflora and R. bourboniana were used for making the stem cuttings. In Experiment I, rootstock cuttings (8-9 inches long, pencil thickness) were treated with different concentrations of IBA for rooting and budded with the scion of rose cvs. First Red and Grand Gala in December- February. In Experiment II, the rootstock cuttings were treated with IBA 1500 mg L-1 for rooting and budded with the scion of rose cvs. First Red and Grand Gala after treating with BAP concentrations in December- February. The type of rootstock and growth regulators treatments significantly (p<0.05) affected the plant growth and flowering of two rose cultivars. The per cent sprouting, survival, shoot length, plant height, number of leaves and flowers per plant were observed the highest in rootstock R. indica var. odorata, whereas, per cent rooting and number of branches were at par in R. indica var. odorata and R. multiflora. The IBA treatment T4 (2000 mg L-1) was found the best regarding per cent sprouting (85.00, 81.67) and rooting of cuttings (91.67, 96.67) survival (68.34, 65.00), shoot length (13.64 cm, 16.29 cm), plant height (20.60, 20.66 cm), number of branches (3.20, 2.84), leaves (9.61, 10.94) and flowers per plant (3.08, 2.07) in rose cv. First Red and Grand Gala, respectively. The best BAP treatment for per cent sprouting (91.66, 88.34), survival (86.67, 86.67), shoot length (15.01 cm, 17.94 cm), plant height (23.01 cm, 24.15 cm), number of branches (3.53, 3.39), leaves (9.95, 11.31) and flowers per plant (2.21, 2.50) was in T4 (BAP 20 mg L-1) in rose cv. First Red and Grand Gala, respectively. It was concluded that the rootstock R. indica var. odorata performed better for First Red and Grand Gala among the different rootstocks tested. The auxin and cytokinin improved the vegetative growth and flowering of the rose plants. The treatment of cuttings with IBA @ 2000 mg L-1 and scion bud with BAP @ 20 mg L-1 were the best for the plant growth and flowering of cv. First Red and Grand Gala budded on R. indica var. odorata rootstock.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Pollen storage study in Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.)
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2017) Simarjit Kaur; Dhatt, K.K.
    The present investigations entitled ‘Pollen storage study in Gladilous (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.)’ were undertaken in the experimental field area and laboratory of Floriculture and Landscaping, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, during 2016-17. The experimental material comprised of two varieties ‘Punjab Glance’ as female parent and ‘Yellow Stone’ as male parent. The corms of both the varieties of gladiolus were planted at 15 days interval from October–December to obtain fresh pollen and flowers for pollination. Pollen grains of variety Yellow Stone packed in plastic vials were stored in desiccator at ambient temperature, desiccator with CaCl2 at ambient temperature, desiccator under refrigerator, desiccator with CaCl2 under refrigerator (5˚C), lower cabin under refrigerator (5˚C), freezer (-4°C) for 16 weeks from January-April. Pollen stored under different storage methods was used for determination of pollen viability and pollinating the floret of Punjab Glance along with fresh pollen. Maximum pollen viability was recorded under freezer i.e. 82.87%. Pollen stored under freezer retained pollen viability for longer duration and it was 85.09% after 11weeks and pollen viability decreased to 49.58% after 16 weeks of storage. The capsule setting (61.97%) and number of seeds per capsule (35.42) were maximum when floret pollinated with pollen stored in freezer. Maximum pollen length (29.45µm) and width (15.44µm) obtained under freezer. Pollen of the gladiolus can be stored for longer duration under freezer condition up to 11 weeks of storage without any serious loss of viability. Maximum seed germination (67.12%) was recorded from the seed of flowers pollinated by pollen stored in freezer and it was comparable. The pollen of gladiolus can be stored in freezer (-4˚C) up to 2½ month for obtaining good seed set and pollen viability.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of chemical treatment, method and time of sowing on seed germination of ornamental trees
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2017) Marry Santhi Sundeep; Grewal, H.S.
    The present investigations entitled “Effect of chemical treatment, method and time of sowing on seed germination of ornamental trees” were carried out at the Research Farm of the Department of Floriculture and Landscaping, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana during the year 2015- 2017. Ten trees were selected namely Alstonia scholaris, Cedrella toona, Chukrasia tabularis, Delonix regia, Jacaranda acutifolia, Koelreuteria paniculata, Melia azedarach, Mimusops elengi, Peltophorum ferrugineum and Putranjiva roxburghii with water soaking, mechanical and chemical scarification treatments. Chemical scarification was given by H2SO4 (50%), KNO3 (0.3%) and thiourea (0.5%). In sub treatments method of sowing i.e. 1) polythene bags 2) raised bed and the sowing was done in June and March to find out the best method of sowing season. Treatments were replicated three times under factorial randomized block design. Maximum germination under mechanical scarification was noted in Delonix regia, Melia azedarch in March and Cedrella toona and Chukrasia tabularis in June while under chemical scarification maximum germination percentage was recorded in Mimusops elengi, Peltophorum ferrugineum and Putranjiva roxburghii with H2SO4 treatment over mechanical and control. KNO3 treatment resulted in higher germination percentage in Alstonia scholaris and Jacaranda acutifolia than other treatments. However, the treatment of Koelreuteria paniculata seeds failed to initiate germination in in both the seasons in polythene bags as well as on raised bed. Days taken to germination was less under H2SO4 treatment in Delonix regia and Mimusops elengi but in Alstonia scholaris, Jacaranda acutifolia and Cedrella toona minimum days taken for germination were recorded in KNO3 treatment. The maximum seedling height was observed in June as compared to March. Numbers of leaves were more in June in polythene bags as compared to March on raised beds. Maximum survival percentage was recorded in of Alstonia scholaris, Delonix regia and Mimusops elengi in KNO3 treatment. Maximum leaf area was recorded in Alstonia scholaris in KNO3 treatment but in Mimusops elengi, Peltophorum ferrugineum and Putranjiva roxburghii maximum leaf area was recorded H2SO4 treatment.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemRestricted
    Effect of IBA and planting time on propagation of Rose (Rosa hybrida Vill.)
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2017) Brar, Jagseer Singh; Dubey, R.K.
    The present study entitled, “Effect of IBA and planting time on propagation of rose (Rosa hybrida Vill..)” were carried out at Landscape Nursery, Punjab Agricultural University. Rose is the number one cut flower of the world, belonging to family Rosaceae, genus Rosa. The conventional method of rose propagation involves budding on one year old field established rootstock plants. For multiplication of plants, cutting is simplest way of propagation for desirable varieties. There are relatively few varieties that develop roots, so exogenous application of growth promoters is essential. In order to study the effects of different concentrations of IBA (0, 500, 1000 and 1500 ppm) on rooting of different varieties (English Holiday, Eiffel Tower, Don Don, Confetti and Iceberg) of rose during planting times viz. February, July, October and December, an experiment was conducted in factorial completely randomized design (FCRD) using semi-hardwood cuttings. It was found that 500 ppm IBA resulted in maximum number of roots (15.66), number of leaves (22.33), the percentage of survival (50%), shoot length (13.23 cm), fresh weight of roots (4.80 g), leaves (8.13 g) and stem (5.93 g), dry weight of roots (4.36 g), leaves (5.13 g) and stem (4.33 g) and took minimum days (13) for leaf bud initiation whereas maximum root length (7.80 cm) was found in 1000 ppm IBA, but control treatment had the lowest effect on the traits of rooting in rose cutting. Among different varieties, Eiffel Tower was found to be best in terms of different traits, whereas variety English Holiday and Confetti didn't respond to any of the planting times and treatments. Cuttings planted in February showed the highest effect on their evaluated traits with a significant difference with those planted in July and October, whereas in December planting time, zero survival rate was observed.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Integrated weed management of rose (Rosa hybrida var. Konfetti)
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2017) Lakhbir Singh; Dubey, R.K.
    The present study “Integrated weed management of rose (Rosa hybrida var. Konfetti)” was carried out at Floriculture Department Farm, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, during 2016-17 to study the effect of pre-emergence herbicides and different mulching materials on weed population, vegetative and floral parameters of Rosa hybrida var. Konfetti by using the following treatments, Black polythene mulch (200 μ), Paddy straw mulch (4.5 kg/m2), Pendimethalin 1.5 kg/ha, Pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha, Pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha + Paddy straw mulch (4.5 kg/m2), Hand weeding (Monthly interval) and Weedy check. Each treatment contained fifteen plants replicated thrice under the Randomized Block Design. The result of experiment showed that Black polythene mulch (200 μ) was found to be the very effective weed control method for controlling weed population. During both the seasons i.e. summer and winter season, the maximum plant height (64.00 cm and 52.35 cm), plant spread (50.03 cm and 45.67 cm), number of branches per plant (8.3 and 7.9), number of flowering buds (9.53 and 11.40), flower diameter (4.08 cm and 6.94 cm), flowering stalk length (11.36 cm and 14.15 cm) was observed under black polythene mulch (200 μ) treatment followed by the Hand weeding (Monthly interval) treatment in both seasons i.e. summer and winter season, respectively. The minimum days taken to flowering (37.71 days) and longer flowering duration (17.97 days) was also observed under black polythene mulch (200 μ) treatment. The minimum value of all the observations recorded was found to be in the weedy check. The highest average minimum and maximum monthly soil temperature were found under the black polythene mulch (200 μ) during both the seasons. Thus the present investigation revealed that among all the mulch materials used, black polythene mulch (200 μ) was found more effective in improving soil hydrothermal properties, weed suppression, growth and flowering of Rosa hybrida var. Konfetti.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Morphological characterisation of tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.) genotypes under Punjab conditions
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2017) Manpreet Kaur; Madhu Bala
    The aim of this study was to evaluate the tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.) genotypes collected from different regions of India under Punjab conditions. The experiment was conducted at the Research Farm, Department of Floriculture and Landscaping, PAU Ludhiana during 2016-2017. The experiment consisted of total eight single type cultivars of tuberose namely Local Single, Prajwal, Shringar, Mexican Single, Sikkim Selection, Calcutta Single, Phule Rajni and Pune Local Single were evaluated on the basis of their different growth and yield parameters. Among these cultivars evaluated, ‘Prajwal’ took minimum days for spike emergence (81.73 days), minimum days for opening of first floret (114.33 days), exhibited maximum plant height (54.53cm),spike length (90.53 cm) rachis length (42.00 cm),number of spikes per clump (4.80) and duration of flowering (34.27 days).Number of floret per spike and length of floret was recorded maximum in ‘Calcutta Single’ (46.60) which was at par with ‘Prajwal’ (45.93) and ‘Prajwal’(5.85 cm) was at par with ‘Calcutta Single’(5.78 cm) respectively. ‘Prajwal’ is also a good multiplier and produced significantly more bulbs and bulblets (2.93 and 18.40) respectively in comparison to the other cultivars whereas minimum bulbs and bulbets was recorded in cv. ‘Mexican Single’. From the above study it can be concluded that among all the single tuberose cultivars, ‘Prajwal’ performed best in all the growth, flowering and yield parameters under Punjab conditions.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Induction of mutagenesis in gladiolus through gamma irradiation
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2017) Dogra, Neha; Dhatt, K. K.
    The present investigations entitled “Induction of mutagenesis in gladiolus through gamma irradiation” was undertaken at research farm, Department of Floriculture and Landscaping, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, during 2014-17. The experiments were conducted to induce variability in gladiolus through gamma irradiation under in vitro and in vivo conditions. The corms of gladiolus variety ‘Punjab Glance’ and ‘Sylvia’ were irradiated with different doses (0, 50,100,125,150 Gy) of gamma rays and planted in October at a spacing of 30x20 cm. The maximum survival per cent, sprouting per cent, plant survival, plant height and leaf number were reported to decrease with the increase in gamma rays dose above 100 Gy. The corms of ‘Punjab Glance’ treated with lowest dose at 50 Gy sprouted after 15.29 days and the same variety at 150 Gy took 23.15 days to sprouting. Maximum spike lengths, florets per spike, floret size were recorded in corms treated with 50 Gy. The shortest spikes with lowest number of florets in small size were recorded at 150 Gy. The corm multiplication in terms of corm and cormels per plant was found to reduce with increased dose of gamma rays. The leaf abnormalities were observed in terms of changes in leaf shape, leaf size, and leaf margin and leaf apex. Total abnormalities in floral characters were higher in 150 Gy. Treatment of corms at 100 Gy resulted in bud fasciation and asymmetrical development of spike in both the varieties. Five mutants were isolated from variety ‘Punjab Glance’ for flower colour under in vivo treatment, one at 100 Gy, two at 125 Gy and two at 150 Gy. The nodal buds of both varieties were raised in MS medium and bud clumps were irradiated with different doses of gamma rays (Co60) 0, 5, 8, 10 and 12 Gy. Irradiated explants were then cultured aseptically on MS basal medium supplemented with 5 mg/l (BAP) + 2mg/l (IBA) and agar-agar to induce shoot and root proliferation. It took 14.27 days for shoot formation, 15.10 days for root and 62.33 days for cormel development at 8 Gy dose. The maximum shoot length (6.19 cm), root length (8.01 cm) and maximum number of shoots and roots per callus were recorded at 8 Gy dose. The gamma rays doses of 5 and 8 Gy were found to be optimum for the induction of mutagenesis under in vitro in gladiolus variety ‘Punjab Glance’ and ‘Sylvia’ with respect to plant sprouting and survival of plant raised from cormels. The cormels raised through in vitro after gamma irradiation were planted in the field and evaluated for morphological parameters. One cormel produced small cormlets within 60 days in both varieties. This study developed a mutagenesis protocol that could be used to develop novel colour mutants in gladiolus.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of sewage water with different potting media on growth and flowering of Marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) and Celosia (Celosia cristata L.)
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2017) Mann, Gagandeep Singh; Dubey, R.K.
    The present study was conducted to evaluate the Interactive effect of treated sewage water and organic potting media on growth and flowering of Tagetes erecta Linn. and Celosia cristata Linn. Four main organic potting media Soil + Farm Yard Manure (FYM), Cocopeat + FYM, Burnt Rice husk (BRH) + FYM and Cocopeat + BRH + FYM were used and plants were irrigated with Tap water (100%), Sewage water (100%), Tap water + Sewage water (25%:75%), Tap water + Sewage water (50%:50%) and Tap water + Sewage water (75%:25%). Maximum plant height (47.88 cm), plant spread (23.80 cm), number of branches / plant (8.80), early bud appearance (49.26 days), early flowering (66.28 days), more number of flowers/plant (34.37), more duration of flowering (57.01 days), larger flower size (5.27 cm) and individual flower life (11.03 days) of marigold were observed in Cocopeat + BRH + FYM. Sewage water (100%) showed maximum plant height (45.08 cm), plant spread (23.44 cm), number of branches/plant (9.03), early bud appearance (48.67 days), early flowering (67.96 days), more number of flowers/plant (32.55), more flowering duration (54.38 days), larger flower size (5.33 cm) and individual flower life (10.51 days) in marigold.In celosia maximum plant height (69.63 cm), plant spread (30.22 cm), number of branches/plant (11.80), early bud appearance (51.06 days), early flowering (66.90 days), more number of flowers/plant (34.03), more duration of flowering (73.13 days), larger flower size (21.32 cm) and individual flower life (17.94 days) were observed in Cocopeat + BRH + FYM. Sewage water (100%) showed maximum plant height (61.94 cm), plant spread (28.04 cm), number of branches/plant (10.33), early bud appearance (53.03 days), early flowering (68.84 days), more number of flowers/plant (32.29), more flowering duration (69.31 days), larger flower size (20.05 cm) and individual flower life (17.43 days) in celosia. Cocopeat + BRH + FYM shows the maximum pH (7.73), percent available N (0.89%), percent available P (0.55%), percent available K (1.03%), total porosity (83.1 %), BRH + FYM shows maximum EC (5.40 dS/m). Sewage water (100%) shows maximum pH (7.73), EC (2.10 dS/m), N (0.91mg L-1), P (1.67 mg L-1) and K (24.13 mg L-1). Tap water shows minimum N, P and K.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemRestricted
    Influence of putrescine and benzyl adenine (BA) on growth and flowering in chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.)
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2017) Taranjit Singh; Madhu Bala
    The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of putrescine and benzyl adenine (BA) on vegetative growth, flowering and post-harvest keeping quality parameters in Chrysanthemum morifolium cv. Punjab Shymli. The rooted cuttings of the variety were transplanted in the first week of August in the field and different concentrations of growth regulators were applied after pinching. The total of 7 treatments including putrescine (50, 100 and 150 ppm) and BA (100, 150 and 200 ppm) as well as control were used. In the research, the treatments consist of 3 replications and 25 plants/plot and the experiment was conducted at Research Farm, Department of Floriculture and Landscaping, PAU Ludhiana during kharif season 2016-17. Foliar application of treatments was applied at two different stages, one at bud initiation stage and second at the stage when the flower buds were fully developed. The data on various vegetative, floral and post-harvest parameters was collected and critically evaluated. Application of BA significantly increased floral (days to colour shown, days to flowering, flower diameter, number of branches/plant, cut stem length) as well as post-harvest (vase life, final flower diameter, water absorbed etc.) parameters. BA @ 200 ppm showed the best results in most of the floral and post-harvest characteristics, followed by BA @ 150 ppm. It can be concluded that benzyl adenine (BA) @ 200 ppm was found to be the most effective in delaying the floral parameters and enhanced the vase life of the cut stems of chrysanthemum.