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ThesisItem Open Access Opinion of farmers” regarding crop diversification in Punjab(Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2019) Jobanjit Singh; Garg, LavleeshThe rice-wheat cropping pattern in the State of Punjab create some serious issue related to agriculture such as, decline in the water table, deterioration of soil fertility, loss of biodiversity, and microorganism, emergence of new insect pest etc. Farmers of the Punjab intensively use fertilizer and pesticides especially in case paddy crops which lead to deterioration of ground water table and soil fertility etc, in view these facts this study was conducted to know Opinion of farmers” regarding crop diversification in Punjab with objective; opinion of farmers regarding crop diversification, Socio-economic reasons for non-adoption of crop diversification, Suggestion of farmers regarding crops diversification. The study was conducted in three randomly selected districts followed by six randomly selected block (two from each district) further twelve village were randomly selected (two from each block). From each selected village 15 respondents from non-adopters category and 6 adopters, (2 from each small, medium and large category) were selected. In this way total 21 farmers were selected from each village and total 252 respondents comprised the sample of the study. Out of these 252 respondents 72 respondents were adopter and 180 respondents were non-adopter. The response of the respondent was recorded through questionnaire was used for the adopters and non-adopters to study opinion of the respondents regarding crop diversification. Findings of the study revealed that majority of respondents adopters and non-adopters belonged to middle age group, adopters were literate having qualification upto senior secondary level, while non- adopters had metric level education, majority of adopters and non- adopters belonged to nuclear family, majority of adopters had large land holding while non-adopters had small land holding, adopters prefer internet and non- adopters were prefer whatsapp, adopters and non-adopters were more participative in cooperative societies and influenced from pesticide dealers. Majority of non-adopters were preferred to grow maize-wheat crop rotation if government provides minimum support price (MSPs). Majority of non-adopters responded that lack of marketing facilities, lack of minimum support price (MSPs) in case of other crops, youth is getting away from agriculture these are the socio-economic reasons that hinder the adoption of crop diversification. Various suggestions were provided by respondents and majority said that government should provide Minimum Support Price on all crops for enhancing the adoption of crop diversification. On the basis of the major findings of the study concluded that the government should provide basic input for alternative crops and also provides assured marketing as well as minimum support price (MSPs) for all alternative to uplift the crop diversification index in estate of Punjab.ThesisItem Open Access Knowledge of Kinnow cultivation and post-harvest handling among Kinnow growers in Fazilka district of Punjab(Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2019) Amit Kumar; Pankaj KumarThe study entitled “Knowledge of Kinnow cultivation and post-harvest handling among Kinnow growers in Fazilka district of Punjab” was undertaken with the objectives to study the knowledge level of Kinnow cultivation, extent of adoption of selected recommended practices and post-harvest handling techniques followed by respondents. The study was conducted in Fazilka district of Punjab and a total of 120 Kinnow growers were selected for the study. It was observed that majority (50.8%) of respondents belonged to age group 38-54 year. About (33.3%) of the respondents educated up to graduation and 35 per cent of the respondents had medium operational land holding (35%). Majority (50.8%) of respondents had medium level of extension contacts and 40.0 per cent had medium level of mass media exposure. More than half (55.0%) of the respondents had medium level of knowledge about Kinnow cultivation. Majority (50.8%) of the respondents procured nursery plants from recommended sources. About 25 per cent of the respondents planted recommended number of plants per acre. In general majority of the respondents applied recommended pesticides for control of insects (citrus psylla, aphids, leaf minor, white fly and mites etc.) and diseases (citrus canker and gummosis/foot rot). Extent of adoption under recommended practices was maximum (34.8%) in Abohar block. Majority (64.3%) of the respondents leased out their Kinnow orchards to contractors. All the respondents of self-marketing category engaged in direct sale of produce. Availability of good planting material as compare to other fruit crops was major reason behind adoption of Kinnow cultivation. Fluctuation in price of Kinnow was major constraint faced by (80.8%) respondents.ThesisItem Open Access Usage pattern of ICT among the members of PAU Kisan club for seeking farm information(Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2019) Sahar, Mohammad Farooq; Dharminder SinghThe present study entitled, “Usage Pattern of ICT among the Members of PAU KisanClub for Seeking Farm Information” has been conducted by randomly selecting 120 active members of PAU Kisan Club. A structured interview schedule was prepared on identified objectives to interview the respondents personally for collecting data. It was found that majority of the respondents were matriculate, having age less than 35 years, and are semi-medium (2-4 ha) operational land holding. WhatsApp emerged as the most frequently used ICT among respondents with overall mean score of 2.78 and was found to be accessed by 93.40 per cent respondents for acquiring farm information, followed by YouTube (76.16%), Facebook (59.16%) and PAU farmer portal (29.17%). On an average, daily time spent by the respondents were reported to be 44.05 min on WhatsApp, 38.22 min on Facebook and 35.48 min on YouTube. Nearly half (45.83%) of the respondents use to receive 50-100 messages per day. Study revealed that 87.50 per cent of the user farmers were satisfied in accessing information from WhatsApp, followed by PAU farmer portal (71.43%), Facebook (63.38%), YouTube (46.73%). Age, number of family members and farming experience of the respondents was found to be significantly and negatively correlated with the use of ICT and satisfaction level of the respondents, however education of the respondents were found to be positively significantly correlated to the use of ICT and satisfaction level of the respondents. Poor internet connectivity (76.67%), lack of region specific information (94.57%) and maintenance cost of ICT (60.84%) were the major problems confronted by the respondents. Lack of trustworthy information was another constraint faced about one-third (35.8%) of the ICT users. Other problems reported by the farmers were language barrier, lack adequate skills, storage and retrieval of the information.ThesisItem Restricted An Evaluation Study of Farmer-Led-Extension Under Agricultural Technology Management Agencies in Punjab(College of Agriculture, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2006) Singh Riar, Tejinder; Gill, SSThesisItem Restricted Adoption of recommended integrated pest management (IPM) Practices by cotton growers of Bathinda district (Punjab)(Department of Extension Education College of Agriculture PAU, Ludhiana, 2002) Singh, Dharminder; Dhaiiwal, Ravinder KaurThesisItem Restricted An Evaluative study of training programmes organized by centre of excellence for training in wheat production technology, Punjab agricultural university, ludhiana(Department of Extension Education College of Agriculture PAU, Ludhiana, 2001) Kumar, Vipan; Mahindra, KanwalThesisItem Restricted A Study of some important farm related socio-economic parameters of small and marginal farmes of Punjab(Department of Extension Education College of Agriculture PAU, Ludhiana, 2001) Singh, Gurmeet; Gill, S. SThesisItem Open Access A Study of farmers awarness regarding Agricultural Pollution in Punjab(Department of Extension Education College of Agriculture PAU, Ludhiana, 2000) Dhillon, Ravinder Pal Singh; Kumar, KuldipThesisItem Restricted A Study on the job performance of horticultural development officers in Punjab(Department of Extension Education College of Agriculture PAU, Ludhiana, 2000) Dhar, Santasbil; Dhaliwal, Ravinder Kaur
