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20162
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Subject: Agricultural Physics and Meteorology × End date: 2016 × Start date: 2016 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    To investigate the effect of magnetic field on CaCl2 dissolved water
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2016) Gunvir Kaur; Paramjit Singh
    Life and water are linked closely as it is essential for life to begin and for life to live on. Water passes through soil and aquifers often come in contact with minerals which at the correct environmental conditions, dissolve in the ground water to make it hard. The high mineral content water is normally not dangerous to human‟s health, but it causes many household problems which makes it less desirable. A biological technique using magnetic field to purify water is physical, cheap, require no energy to run and create no pollutants but the efficiency of this treatment is still a controversial question. In present study, the physical parameters like total dissolved salts (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC) and pH have been evaluated in magnetized (0.05T – 0.20T) calcium chloride solution. Data collected during the experiment was analyzed statistically (SPSS-20.0). This analysis shows that the increase in TDS, EC and pH under the effect of magnetic field was significant (p < 0.01). The regression analysis was used to show linear relation between TDS and EC of water.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Temperature Dependent Electrical Conductivity of Soymilk during Ohmic Heating
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2016) Jasleen Kaur; Paramjit Singh
    Ohmic heating, also known as „resistive heating‟ or „Joule heating‟ is a process when electrical current is passed through a conducting substance and due to its internal resistance heat is generated within that conducting substance. The present study aimed to design, built ohmic heating system and ohmic heating behavior was studied in soymilk. Study was conducted on five different voltage gradients (14, 12, 10, 8 and 6V/cm) and concentrations (100, 90, 80, 70, 60%) in the temperature range 30 to 70 ˚C. Ohmic heating behavior of any sample is affected by different parameters like electrical conductivity, viscosity, pH, soluble solids etc. Results indicated that there was a significant effect of voltage gradients and concentrations on the heating rate and heating rate showed a linear behavior. Also, plots between temperature and electrical conductivity depicted a linear trend. Other parameters- viscosity, pH and total soluble solids (TSS) were measured before and after ohmic heating. Statistical analysis was done on all of these parameters and it was concluded that ohmic heating had no effect on viscosity and TSS of sample, but there was a significant effect of this treatment on pH at 14 and 6V/cm and non-significant effect on rest of the voltage gradients. System performance coefficient (SPC) was calculated for all voltage gradients and all concentrations. It was observed that SPC was higher for 14V/cm for all concentrations and its value decreased as we decrease the voltage gradient.