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20191
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Subject: Agricultural Physics and Meteorology × Author: Zorawar Singh × End date: 2019 × Start date: 2018 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of adulteration on dielectric properties and electrical conductivity of honey
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2019) Zorawar Singh; Paramjit Sin
    Non-destructive techniques for determining the adulteration of food products are rapidly gaining a wide scientific interest, partly due to their utilization in the industrial sector. One of the important non-destructive techniques is the measurement of dielectric properties and electrical conductivity. Under this technique, the substance under study is subject to an alternating electric field and a rapid energy gaining and losing process starts due to molecular alignments. This process can be characterized by two parameters; dielectric constant and loss tangent. Also, electrical conductivity measures the charge carrying capacity of the substance. The present study aims to evaluate the effect of adulteration of honey, with sugar syrup, on the dielectric properties and electrical conductivity. These properties were studied at five different frequencies (10, 30, 50, 70, and 100 kHz) and seven different temperatures (20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, and 80 °C) for pure honey, sucrose syrup and five different concentrations of sugar syrup in honey (10, 20, 30, 40, and 50%). Dielectric properties decreased with increasing frequency. Meanwhile, dielectric constant decreased and loss tangent increased with temperature. Both parameters decreased in a linear fashion with the addition of sugar syrup. The adulteration of honey has a significant effect on its dielectric properties for impurity levels above 10% and temperatures below 50 °C. Electrical conductivity increased linearly with temperature and sugar syrup impurity level, while the frequency has negligible effect on it. Further, the statistical analysis showed that the effect of adulteration of honey on its electrical conductivity is significant at temperatures above 50 °C and for impurity levels above 20%.