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20112
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Subject: Agricultural Economics × End date: 2011 × Start date: 2011 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Study on potentials of farm income in Punjab
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2011) Sachdeva, Jatinder; Sharma, J. L.
    The study was undertaken with a view to identify the potentials of increasing farm income in Punjab. The study was conducted in all the three agro-climatic zones of Punjab to make it representative for the state. The primary data were collected from a sample of 300 farmers pertaining to the agricultural year 2008-09. The techniques of multiple regression analysis and linear programming were used to analyze the data. The production function analysis revealed that human labour employed, availability of irrigation machinery and farm size were the most important determinants of the gross value of produce from crop production. Whereas, in the case of dairy farming quantity of concentrates fed and expenditure on veterinary care emerged as important determinants of the gross value of milk produced. The technical efficiency of the farms of Central Plain Zone (Zone-II) was the highest followed by South-western Zone (Zone-III) and Sub-mountainous Zone (Zone-I). This can be attributed to favourable soil, water and climatic conditions and better access to research and extension agencies in Zone-II. The improved plans developed at two levels of technology increased the returns to fixed farm resources ranging from 2.19 to 3.86 per cent in Improved Plan-I and 13.95 to 17.06 per cent in Improved Plan-II on farms of different size categories in the state. The findings of the study revealed that by developing irrigation facilities, providing training for vegetable cultivation and short term credit facilities will help in increasing farm income especially in Sub-mountainous Zone. The development of short duration varieties of oilseeds and pulses which can easily fit in the paddy-wheat rotation will also help in increasing the income of farmers. The rational use of inputs like fertilizers and insecticides-pesticides helps in decreasing variable cost and ultimately increases the farm income. To make the agricultural system competitive and to increase the income of farmers, efforts should be made by all the interest groups involved in the farm sector.
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    Estimating contribution of institutional credit in agricultural growth of Punjab
    (Punjab Agricultural University, 2011) Anandeep; Sidhu, RS
    This present study was conducted to estimate the contribution of institutional credit to agricultural growth in the state of Punjab. The primary data were collected from 300 farmers for the crop year 2008 in three districts of Punjab viz. Hoshiarpur, Ludhiana and Bathinda representing Kandi Zone, Central Zone and Cotton Zone, respectively. The study revealed that an average sample farm in the state availed ` 87540 of credit of which 56.78 per cent was short term credit and the remaining 43.22 per cent was the long term credit The share of institutional credit accounted for 78.11 per cent and the remaining 21.89 per cent was provided by non-institutional sources. The concentration of credit was highest in Zone III followed by Zone II and Zone I. Further, the distribution of credit was skewed against small borrowers. The gini coefficients were greater than 0.6 in all the zones as well in the state. A simultaneous equation model has been used to estimate the contribution of institutional credit towards use of production inputs, private investments and agricultural growth. The analysis revealed that increase in short term credit by one percent lead to increase in use of fertilizers and pesticides by 0.57 while the increase in long term credit by one per cent raised the capital investments by 0.68. Agricultural growth in the state was inputs and capital responsive. The results have further exhibited significant and positive impact of fertilizers and pesticides use on gross farm income with elasticity of 0.66. The elasticity of gross farm income to capital investments was 0.62. Thus, agricultural credit by promoting input use and capital investments emerged as the important contributor to agricultural growth in Punjab. Demand for and supply of agricultural credit was also examined on different farm size categories in different zones of the state. The supply of short term credit was more than its demand by 9.97 per cent on medium farms and by 8.30 per cent on large farms. However, the supply of institutional credit inadequate to meet the credit requirements of small farmers by 2.27 per cent. Similarly, supply was short of demand by 2.74 per cent on semi-medium farms. Farm size wise analysis showed that severity of problems while accessing institutional credit was different for different categories of the farmers. In general, problems were more common on small farms than larger ones.