Thumbnail Image

Theses

Browse

Reset filters
Subject: Animal Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics × End date: 2021 × Type: Thesis ×
Reset filters

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 9 of 25
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Relationship between sonographic characteristics of uterus and ovaries during estrus and subsequent fertility in dairy cows
    (Palampur, 2021-08-05) Khanoria, Neha; Singh, Madhumeet
    The present study was conducted in clinically healthy, normal cyclic cows (N=20) with no history of reproductive abnormality at the Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics and Livestock Farm Complex, CSKHPKV, Palampur. All the cows were monitored for behavioural signs like mounting, standing to be mounted, bellowing, vulvar oedema, and cervicovaginal discharge at the time of estrus. The physical parameters of cervicovaginal discharge such as consistency, quantity, color, pH, spinnbarkeit, and fern pattern were recorded. Thereafter, trans-rectal B-mode and color Doppler sonography of the ovarian and uterine characteristics along with the middle uterine artery of cows was done. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the relationship between different ultrasonic characteristics of ovaries and uterus with conception rate and analysis of the blood flow through a middle uterine artery at estrus for prediction of ovulation time. Spinnbarkeit, the physical property of cervicovaginal discharge, was significantly higher (p0.05) for pH was recorded. The preovulatory follicle at estrus had a significantly higher (p0.05) was recorded for uterine characteristics i.e., intraluminal uterine fluid diameter and endometrial thickness. Similarly, the vascularity of mid cyclic corpus luteum was significantly higher (p0.05) in relation to pregnancy. The pulsatility index and mean blood flow volume were significantly higher (p<0.05) in the MUA ipsilateral to preovulatory follicle at estrus as compared to contralateral MUA. Also, the pulsatility and resistivity indices along with velocity (TAMAX) of blood flow to the uterus through MUA ipsilateral to preovulatory follicle at estrus were significantly higher (p<0.01-0.05) in cows ovulated within 24 hours of A.I. as compared to cows ovulated after 24 hours.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Investigations on etiologies of genital prolapse in bovines of Himachal Pradesh
    (Palampur, 2021-08-24) Sharma, Vivek; Kumar, Pravesh
    The present study was planned with the objectives to document the prevalence and etiologies of genital prolapse in bovines of different regions of Himachal Pradesh and to suggest the prevention and control. First part of the study comprised of documentation of prevalence of genital prolapse in bovines of Himachal Pradesh. Second part of study was investigation of etiologies of genital prolapse in bovines by estimation of clinco-pathological investigations for blood hormone, haematological and biochemicals of the affected (n=238) bovines (cattle and buffaloes) throughout the state and last was to suggest prevention and control of genital prolapse. Among cattle, the highest prevalence was reported in district Bilaspur (10.58%) followed by Chamba (9.03%) and Hamirpur (6.50%) whereas among buffaloes the highest prevalence was recorded in district Kangra (13.57%) followed by district Bilaspur (13.35%), Hamirpur (10.13%) and Chamba (8.23%). Overall prevalence of genital prolapse in cattle in Himachal Pradesh was 2.17 per cent and in buffaloes it was 6.53 per cent. In hormonal estimation, Significantly (P<0.01) high levels of plasma estradiol-17β (E2) and low level of progesterone (P4) were observed in affected bovines in comparison to nonaffected ones in all three (Pregnant, Postpartum and Non-pregnant) stages. Similarly, cortisol was also significantly high in non-pregnant (P<0.01) and post-partum (P<0.01) affected cattle groups and post-partum buffaloes (P<0.05) group. In minerals, Ca and P were significantly low at different levels of significance (P<0.01 and P<0.05) in cattle and buffaloes in all 3 stages except non-pregnant prolapse in buffaloes. In cows affected with genital prolapse, the biochemicals like triglycerides (P<0.01), urea (P<0.01) and SGOT (P<0.05) were significantly higher and cholesterol (P<0.01) was significantly lower than non-affected cows. In buffaloes showing genital prolapse, only a significant higher concentration of triglycerides (P<0.01) was observed and other biochemicals like glucose (P<0.01), total protein (P<0.05) and cholesterol (P<0.01) were significantly lower in comparison to non-affected buffaloes. In cows affected with genital prolapse, leukocytes (P<0.05), granulocytes (P<0.01), haemoglobin (P<0.05) and platelets (P<0.05) were significantly higher than non-affected one. On the basis of etiologies of prolapse, minerals like calcium and phosphorous and hormone like progesterone can be supplemented during pregnancy to avoid its occurrence. Maximum of moderate and severe prolapse cases required surgical intervention with Buhner’s suture along with other supportive treatment.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    TRANSRECTAL DOPPLER SONOGRAPHY OF OVARIAN STRUCTURES AND UTERUS DURING ESTROUS CYCLE IN DAIRY COWS
    (CHKHPKV Palampur, 2020-09-19) SONI, TANIA; Singh, Madhumeet
    The study was conducted atInstructional Livestock Farm Complex, ChaudharySarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur. Ten dairy cows were selected for research and subjected to sonographic examination of ovarian structures from the day of estrus till completion of one estrous cycle using B-mode and color Doppler mode ultrasonography. Developmental pattern of follicles and corpus luteum during two- and three-follicular waves of estrous cycle were studied. The per cent vascularity of corpus luteum during different luteal phases and blood flow to uterus was evaluated based on the analysis of Doppler haemodynamic indices at an interval of 48 hours during an estrous cycle. Two-wave estrous cycle was more prevalent in dairy cows as compared to three-wave estrous cycle and there was no significant difference (p>0.05) between the diameter of dominant follicle during different waves of two- and three-wave estrous cycle. Corpus luteum diameter and vascularity were significantly higher (p<0.01-0.05) during mid-luteal phase as compared to early and late luteal phase except in three-wave estrous cycle. Corpus luteum vascularity percentage was significantly higher in dairy cows (p<0.05) during late luteal phase in three-wave cycle as compared to two-wave cycle who failed to conceive. Also, there was a significant correlation (p<0.05) between corpus luteum diameter and vascularity irrespective of follicular waves and different luteal phases. A significant difference (p<0.01-0.05) between the recorded haemodynamic indices of middle uterine artery ipsilateral and contralateral to pre-ovulatory follicle was recorded on the day of estrus, however, this difference was found to be non-significant (p>0.05) with the progression of estrous cycle into luteal phase.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ETIO-PATHOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF UTERINE TORSION IN BOVINES OF HIMACHAL PRADESH
    (CSKHPKV. Palampur, 2019-07-19) ABROL, ANKUR; Singh, (Madhumeet
    The present study was planned with the objectives of recording of incidence of uterine torsion in cattle and buffaloes of Himachal Pradesh and to determine the success rate of different procedures adopted to treat uterine torsion. The study was conducted in two parts. First part comprised of field survey of cases presented under field conditions of Himachal Pradesh and conducted through questionnaires. Second part comprised of recording of clinical observations, obstetrical interventions, haemato-biochemical and Doppler sonographic studies of middle uterine artery of torsion affected bovines presented in Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex (TVCC) of college of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh. In the field conditions of Himachal Pradesh buffaloes were more commonly presented with uterine torsion as compared to cows and right side and post cervical torsion was encountered more frequently as compared to left side and pre cervical uterine torsion. Modified Schaffer’s method was used more often than Caesarean section under field conditions to correct the condition and has a better dam and calf survival rate as compared to Caesarean section method. Among the uterine torsion affected bovines presented in TVCC, haematological analysis of uterine torsion affected cows and buffaloes showed a significant decrease (p<0.05) in haemoglobin and lymphocyte concentration while there was a significant increase (p<0.05) in granulocyte and cortisol concentration as compared to eutocial cows and buffaloes, respectively. Resistance index was significantly higher (p<0.05) in middle uterine artery ipsi-lateral to uterine torsion affected cows as compared to eutocial cows. Blood flow volume and blood vessel diameter of ipsi-lateral middle uterine artery was significantly reduced (p<0.01) in uterine torsion affected cows and buffaloes as compared to the eutocial cows and buffaloes, respectively. Significantly higher blood flow volume on TAMAX basis (p<0.01; p<0.05) was discernible in middle uterine artery ipsi-lateral to the gravid horn as compared to the contralateral artery in normal eutocial cows and buffaloes.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on the management of anoestrus using norgestomet implants and clomiphene citrate in cows
    (CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2004) Singh, Karandip; Kumar, Navneet