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Subject: Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology × Author: Divya, T M × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ACARICIDAL ACTIVITY OF EXTRACTS OF SPHAERANTHUS INDICUS L. AND LEUCAS INDICA Spreng.
    (Kerala Veterinary and animal science university, Pookode, 41076) Divya, T M; Sanis Juliet
    The present study is envisaged to isolate the extract/fractions/subfractions based on their acaricidal activity to identify the bioactive components of the plants Leucas indica and Sphaeranthus indicus. The efficacy of crude ethanolic extract of L. indica and S. indicus against R. (B.) annulatus females were assessed by estimating the per cent adult mortality, inhibition of fecundity and hatching rate by adult immersion test. The ethanolic extract of L. indica was positive for alkaloid, glycosides, terpenoids and flavanoids whereas it was negative for sterols, saponins and phenolic compounds. On fractionation of the crude extract, triterpenes and glycosides were detected in the hexane fraction and alkaloid, flavanoids, glycosides and diterpenes in the chloroform fraction. The ethanolic extracts of L. indica produced a significant concentration dependent adult tick mortality and inhibition of fecundity and complete failure of eclosion of eggs from the treated ticks. The hexane fraction of the ethanolic extract of L.indica exhibited significant acaricidal activity whereas the chloroform fraction of L. indica retained the eclosion blocking property of the extract. The subfraction Fl1i was acaricidal among the twelve subfractions separated from hexane fraction and the subfraction Fl2e among the twelve subfractions separated from chloroform fraction demonstrated a significant eclosion blocking effect. Crude extract of S. indicus demonstrated a significant concentration dependent effect on adult tick mortality and inhibition of fecundity. But the extract was not effective in controlling hatching of eggs laid by the treated ticks. The hexane fraction of this extract retained the acaricidal properties of the extract. Qualitative phytochemical analysis of the ethanolic extract of S. indicus revealed the presence of steroids, diterpenes, triterpenes, phenolic compounds and glycosides whereas the hexane fraction showed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, triterpenes, glycosides and alkaloids. The subfraction Fs1d obtained from the hexane fraction of S. indicus showed significant acaricidal activity. The present work imply that the isolatedextracts/fractions/subfractions of L. indica and S. indicus could be new drug leads for development of promising acaricides for the control of ticks.