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2010 - 2017193
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End date: 2017 × Start date: 2010 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Phenotyping and molecular marker analysis of selected F3 segregating lines from aerobic x low land indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) crosses
    (CCSHAU, 2015) Kanika Rani; Jain, R.K.
    Experiments were conducted to evaluate F3 segregating populations derived from the five crosses (PAU201 x MAS25, MASARB25 x PAU201, PAU201 x MAS26, MASARB25 x HKR47 and MAS25 x HKR47) for various physio-morphological and/or root traits and microsatellite markers linked to the traits promoting aerobic adaptation. MASARB25, MAS25 and MAS26 are aerobic while PAU201 and HKR47 are low-land indica rice varieties. In all the five populations, wide variation was observed for plant height, panicle length, number of panicles per plant, number of effective tillers per plant, root length, root thickness, fresh and dry root weight, 1000 grain weight, grain length-breadth ratio and grain yield per plant. In these populations, significant positive correlation was observed between yield per plant with plant height, effective no. of tillers per plant, length-breadth ratio, 1000 grain weight, root biomass and/or root length. The NTSYS-pc UPGMA tree cluster analysis and 2-D PCA scaling of selected F3 plants derived from the five crosses clearly showed large variation among two parental genotypes and F3 plants were invariably interspersed between them. A number of promising F3 plants have been selected, which had higher grain yield, root length and biomass greater than MAS25, MAS26 and MASARB25 for further progeny analysis. Most of these selected plants had the desired allele for the markers reported earlier to be linked with the aerobic adaptation traits (RM234 and RM547 for root length on chromosome 7 and 8 respectively; RM525 for root thickness and root biomass on chromosome 2).
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Micronutrient and SSR marker analysis of pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucam (L.) R. Br.] inbred lines
    (CCSHAU, 2015) Sangwan, Sonali; Shikha Yashveer
    A set of thirty-six pearl millet inbred lines was used to study genetic variability and correlation analysis for seven morphological characters namely days to 50% flowering, plant height (cm), ear length (cm), ear diameter (cm), 1000 grain weight (g), grain yield per plant (g) and dry fodder yield per plant (g) along with micronutrient (Fe and Zn) status. The pearl millet inbred lines were evaluated in randomized block design with two replications in two environments during 2014. Analysis of variance for all the characters under study showed significant differences indicating the presence of genetic variability among the inbreds. The estimates of variability parameter for grain yield, contributing traits and Fe and Zn content revealed the high PCV value as compared to GCV value that suggests the role of environment in the expression of all these characters. An additive gene action was indicated for dry fodder yield per plant, grain yield per plant, Fe and Zn content by high to moderate heritability and genetic advance as per cent of mean values. Correlation analysis showed highly significant correlation between grain Fe and Zn content which signifies simultaneous improvement in the two traits. Grain yield per plant showed no significant negative correlation with Fe and Zn that suggests improvement in nutrient value without sacrificing yield. A set of 30 SSR primers was also used for molecular diversity assessment in 36 pearl millet inbred lines. Mean allele per locus and PIC obtained was 10.5 and 0.796, respectively. Cluster analysis distributed these genotypes into 9 clusters where 4 genotypes failed to fall in any of these clusters.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Production and Export potential of Tomato and its processed products in India
    (CCSHAU, 2015) Punia, Meenu; Mehta, V.P.
    India ranks second in the area as well as in production of tomato next to China. In total world production, the share of China and India was 23.61 and 8.49 per cent, respectively. The surplus production of tomato causes glut in the market, causing distress sale and low profit to the growers and the probable solutions to the problem is to export the surplus tomato production in fresh or processed form. The present study has made an attempt to have Production and Export Potential of Tomato and its processed products in India with these objectives, (1) to study the trends in area, production and productivity of tomato in India, (2) to analyze the performance and trends in export of tomato and its processed products, (3) to analyze the contribution of Haryana in production and export of tomato. The present study is based on secondary data which were collected from various issues of the Statistical Abstract of Haryana, agricultural statistics at a glance and economic survey of India and other published and unpublished sources. Linear growth rates were computed by fitting linear function and least square technique was used to compute the compound growth rates by fitting exponential function. The regression analysis was carried out for a time span, using the ordinary least squares (OLS) method. In overall period (1991-2014), area, production and productivity of India increased at a compound annual growth rate of 4.9, 6.4 and 1.1 per cent per annum. RCA in both tomatoes and tomato products was far less than unity and the RSCA were negative, almost -1. Fresh tomatoes contributed maximum in the export basket of India. In overall period (1991-2013), area and production of Haryana increased at a compound annual growth rate of 9.1 and 6.7 per cent and productivity declined by 2.1 per cent per annuum. Haryana’s rank was12th in tomato production with 2.2 per cent share. The values of CV in export of tomato and its products, except fresh tomatoes, came down during the second period than first period, which indicated that export of tomato and tomato products from India became more stable during the second period than first period. The study reveals that the existence of high instability in export of tomato and its products require the attention of policymakers to retain hold on the international market. Tomato is an important vegetable-cum-processing crop of India. Its productivity is very low. So, there is need to popularize the improved production technology and processing varieties. Market survey of importing countries should have to be done to strengthen the export in the upcoming years. Government should declare support price for tomato crop prior to its sowing season and implement, “Crop Insurance Scheme” as the crop is highly perishable.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Economic analysis of vegetable cultivation under polyhouses in Haryana
    (CCSHAU, 2015) Parveen Kumar; Chauhan, R.S.
    Vegetables are the main source of vitamins and minerals. The vegetables also offer better crop diversification and crop intensification. During winter season under north Indian conditions, it is extremely difficult to grow capsicum, cucumber in open field conditions; however various types of protected structures have been developed for growing some high value crops continuously by providing favorable environment condition and giving protection from the excessive cold and this is called polyhouse technology. The present study has made an attempt to have Economic analysis of vegetable cultivation under polyhouses in Haryana with these objectives. 1. To study the present status of polyhouse cultivation in Haryana. 2. To compare the economics of vegetable cultivation under polyhouse & open field conditions. 3. To identify the constraints and to assess the prospects of vegetable cultivation under polyhouses. The present study was conducted in Karnal district of Haryana selected purposely on the basis of maximum number of polyhouses in the state. Two blocks were selected randomly, i.e. Gharaundha and Indri. Again, two villages from each block were selected on the basis of predominance of vegetable cultivation both under polyhouses & open field conditions. Ten respondent farmers each under polyhouses & open field conditions were randomly selected from each village, thus making a total sample of 80 respondents. On the basis of the nature of the data, simple statistical tools like averages and percentage were used to compare, contrast and interpret results properly. The primary data for the agriculture year 2013-14 were collected by survey method by conducting personal interviews of the selected farmers with the help of specially designed schedule. The overall findings reveal that in polyhouses, farmers adopted three cropping pattern R1, R2 and R3 i.e. tomato-cucumber (R1), capsicum-cucumber (R2) and cucumber-cucumber-cucumber (R3) respectively. The cost of cultivation for R1, R2 and R3 were ₹607720.36, ₹581816.43 and ₹849876.2 per acre respectively. In comparative economics analysis the cost of cultivation of selected vegetables tomato, capsicum and cucumber under polyhouses were higher as compared to open field conditions by ₹206816.90, ₹246564.40 and ₹185651 per acre respectively. The net retunes from polyhouses were higher as compared to open field conditions by ₹51097.54, ₹124870.01 and ₹97138.68 per acre respectively. The results of the study revealed that the vegetables cultivation under polyhouses have contributed to the yield significantly. The major constraint reported by the respondent farmers were short life of polyethylene sheet, infestation of insect, nematodes & diseases, high cost of fertilizers and seeds. The constraints in the marketing of vegetable were lack of minimum support price, high price fluctuations, lack of market information and high cost of transportation.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of cold storage on some biological characteristics of parasitoid, Aenasius bambawalei Hayat (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae)
    (CCSHAU, 2014) Rathee, Mandeep; Pala Ram
    The present studies on cold storage and overwintering of Aenasius bamabawalei were carried out during 2012-13 both in the laboratory as well as in the screen house of the Department of Entomology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar to generate information on effect of cold storage of the parasitoid, A. bambawalei in different stages for different durations at different temperatures on its biological parameters and to evaluate the survival of the parasitoid during winter season. Studies on cold storage of the parasitoid were carried out by storing one-day-old Phenacoccus solenopsis mummies (i.e. in pupal stage) and freshly emerged adults at four storage temperatures i.e. 5, 10, 15 and 20°C for 1 to 8 weeks. It was found that the parasitoid A. bambawalei can be stored in pupal stage (i.e. in the mummies of P. solenopsis) for 1 week at 5°C and for 2 weeks each at 10 and 15°C, respectively, without any significant effect on the key biological parameters like emergence, longevity, fecundity and sex-ratio (F1 progeny). Emergence of the adults occurred within first week during storage at 20°C, hence, this temperature was not suitable for storing the parasitoid in pupal stage. Females took more time to emerge from the mummies stored for different durations at 5, 10 and 15°C as compared to males. The parasitoid adults of A. bambawalei can be stored only for 1 week at 10°C without any significant affect on the key biological parameters like survival, longevity, fecundity and sex-ratio (F1 progeny). The parasitoid A. bambawalei can be stored at low temperatures both in pupal and adult stages. However, it can be stored safely for longer duration in pupal stage as compared to adult stage. Emergence of parasitoid adults from overwintering mummies started from 11th standard week (first week of February), being maximum in 14th standard week (first week of March) and continued until 16th standard week (third week of March) when all the parasitoid adults had emerged. Maximum temperature ranged between 20.3 to 29.6oC and minimum between 6.6 to 12.5°C during the period of adult emergence. Honey fed parasitoid adults i.e. males survived for 52-84 days (69.33 days) and females survived for 69-103 days (83.40 days) during winter season in absence of host, when exposed on 5th December. The results of the present studies may be helpful in mass rearing and conservation of the parasitoid.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Assessment of Genetic Diversity and Correlation Analysis in faba bean (Vicia faba L.)
    (CCSHAU, 2015) Praveen kumar; Hooda, J.S.
    An attempt was made to study the genetic diversity among the 65 genotypes of faba bean. Significant difference for various traits indicated substantial amount of variability existed among the genotypes for various traits. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for seed yield, 100 seed weight, pod length, number of pods per plant, number of branches per plant, number of clusters per plant and days to 50% flowering. In general phenotypic correlation coefficients were higher in magnitude than their genotypic correlation coefficient. Seed yield per plant was found to be positively and significantly correlated with days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, number of branches per plant, number of cluster per plant, number of pods per plant, pods length, number of seeds per pod and 100 seed weight. Path analysis revealed that characters such as 100 seed weight and number of pods per plant were the major component traits of seed yield and hence these characters should be given priority in selection in view of their high heritability coupled with high genetic advance also. Following non hiericial eucleadean cluster analysis all 65 genotypes were grouped into 9 clusters with variable number of genotypes. On the the basis of data on genetic diversity and mean performance of matric traits nine diverse and superior genotypes namely EC-628955, EC-628942, EC- 628937, EC-628936, EC-591755, EC-3134, EC-2112, EC-628930 and EC-591776 were identified as promising for most of the traits. So these genotypes may be used in further crop improvement programme.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on green mould disease (Trichoderma harzianum) of Calocybe indica (PandC)
    (College of Agriculture Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University Hisar, 2015) Kumar, Kundan; Goyal, S. P
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Morpho-physiological and biochemical responses of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) genotypes upon sucking insect-pests infestation
    (CCSHAU, 2017) Vikram Singh; Mandhania, Shiwani
    The four cotton genotypes viz., Bio-100 BG II, GCH 3, KDCHH-9810 BG II and HS 6 were evaluated under field conditions to compare their tolarance levels against the sucking insect-pests. The effect of sucking insect-pests on morpho-physiological biochemical constituents viz., the relative water content, specific leaf weight, total chlorophyll content, electrolyte leakage, leaf area, photosynthetic rate, total phenolic content, total soluble sugar, tannin content, total soluble protein, gossypol content, H2O2 content and activity of enzymes- peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase that could explain some of the varietal tolerance levels were tested. Morpho-physiological and biochemical analysis indicated that the highest relative water content, total chlorophyll content, leaf area and photosynthetic rate was observed in Bio 100 BG-II, highest specific leaf weight was observed in GCH-3 and highest electrolyte leakage was observed in HS-6 genotypes. The lowest relative water content, total chlorophyll content, leaf area and photosynthetic rate was observed in HS-6, lowest electrolyte leakage was observed in Bio 100 BG-II and lowest specific leaf weight was observed in KDCHH 9810 BG-II genotypes. The highest total phenolic content, tannin content and POX activity observed in Bio-100 BG II. Gossypol content, total soluble protein and PPO activity were highest in GCH 3. Total soluble sugar and H2O2 content was highest in KDCHH- 9810 BG II. Total phenolic content, gossypol content and tannin content were lowest in HS 6. Total soluble protein and PPO and POX activity were lowest in KDCHH-9810 BG II. Total soluble sugar was lowest in GCH 3. H2O2 content was lowest in Bio-100 BG II. Sucking pest infestation reduced the total soluble sugar and total soluble protein of all genotypes, while other biochemical constituents increased with sucking insect-pests infestation. These results indicated that Bio-100 BG II is highly tolerant as compare to other genotypes.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Long-term effect of continuous cropping on different forms of nutrients in some benchmark soils of Haryana
    (CCSHAU, 2017) DHEERAJ; DEV RAJ
    A study was carried out on different benchmark soil profiles of Haryana to access the nutrient status and their fractions at the Department of Soil Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. A total of eight different soil profiles were selected having respective cropping systems and physical and chemical properties. Soil samples were collected from depths 0-15, 15-30, 30-45, 45-60 and 60-90 cm depths in triplicate from each of the soil profiles. The soil samples were analyzed for the determination of various nutrient fractions viz. pH, EC, TOC, carbon fractions, nitrogen fractions, phosphorus fractions, potassium fractions and sulphur fractions. A perusal of the results obtained revealed that among all of the nutrient fractions, soil pH, EC, fractions of potassium and fractions of sulphur were decreased from their initial status in all of the benchmark soil profiles, however soil organic carbon and its fractions, nitrogen fractions and phosphorus fractions were found to be increased from their initial values in all the profiles. Soil pH and EC varied from 7.4 to 8.6 and 0.14 to 0.60 dS/m respectively for the soil profiles. The organic carbon in all of the soil profiles was found to be increased, highest increase being in HAU farm soil under fallow-wheat cropping system. All of the carbon fractions exhibited a net increase in all of the soil profiles just like organic carbon, but with increasing soil depth their respective content was found decreased. A significant positive correlation was observed among OC and its fractions. The nitrogen fractions were found to be increased over the initial status in all benchmark soil profiles. Highest organic, ammonium and nitrate N content was found in Kaul soils alone having a rice-wheat cropping system. The nitrate nitrogen content was found increased in lower depths of soil profiles, contrary to the other two nitrogen fractions which exhibited a decrease as we moved down in soil profile. Phosphorus fractions were also found to be increased from their initial status, where org-P and Ca-P were found highest in RDS farm under fallow-wheat cropping sequence while Al-P and Fe-P were observed to be highest in Kaul soil profile with ricewheat cropping system. All of the phosphorus fractions were following a decreasing trend with increasing soil depth in each soil profile. The various potassium fractions were observed to be decreased in upper soil layers, while in lower depths a net increase in all the K fractions was noted in each of the benchmark soil profiles. Kaul soil profile having rice –wheat cropping system exhibited maximum content of exchangeable and non-exchangeable potassium, while Kaithal soils with ricewheat cropping system had highest water soluble potassium content. The contents of organic, inorganic and non-sulphate sulphur were also found decreased from their initial status in all of the benchmark soil profiles. However a decreasing trend was followed by K fractions with increasing soil depth in all soil profiles. Uchani soils had highest organic sulphur content while highest inorganic and non-sulphate sulphur contents were observed in Panipat and Bawal soils under rice-wheat and pearlmillet-raya cropping systems respectively.