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2017 - 201912020 - 20221
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Author: Sonu Kumari × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on insect pest complex in pulses, biology and management of spotted pod borer, Maruca vitrata (Fabricius) in green gram, Vigna radiata (L. Wilczek)
    (CCSHAU Hisar, 2022-07) Sonu Kumari; Balbir Singh
    The current studies entitled “Studies on insect pest complex in pulses, biology and management of spotted pod borer, Maruca vitrata(Fabricius) in green gram, Vigna radiata (L. Wilczek)” was carried out at CCSHAU Regional Research Station, Bawal and oilseed section, Deparment of Genetics and Plant Breeding during Kharif 2020 and 2021. Survey revealed that the population of leafhopper (6.96 leafhopper/plant), hairy caterpillar (0.85 larvae/plant), aphid (12.04 aphid/plant), whitefly (7.71 whitefly/plant), spotted pod borer (2.75 larvae/plant), blister beetle (13.24 adults/plant) and tur pod bug (6.63 bugs/plant) was more abundant in Gurugram district as compared to Mahendragarh and Rewari. The seasonal incidence revealed that the larval population of spotted pod borer increased significantly with maximum temperature (r=0.956 and 0.761) and showed significant negative correlation with rainfall (r=-0.823 and -0.911) during Kharif 2020 and 2021, respectively. The biology of spotted pod borer, M. vitrata showed that total developmental period (egg to adult) was 34.35±1.62 days. The fecundity of female moth was on an average 47±5.48 eggs/female. The treatment azadirachtin (0.03%) was found most effective protectants resulted in reduction larval population (4.32 larvae /m2), per cent pod damage (12.94%) and highest grain yield (13.01 q/ha) as well as per cent increase yield over control (35.69%) followed by neem oil (20 ml/l) and neem seed kernel extract 5 per cent (50 ml/l). The trichome density on leaves and pods and pod breadth was responsible for the resistance to spotted pod borer. Whereas, pod size, number of grains per pod and pod wall thickness were associated with the susceptibility to M. vitrata. Expression of resistance to spotted pod borer infestation was associated with higher amount of phenol content, low amount of soluble sugar and crude protein in pods as well as grains of pulses crop.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of pinching and gibberellic acid on growth, flowering and yield of African marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) under different seasons
    (CCSHAU, 2017) Sonu Kumari; Beniwal, B.S.
    The present experiment entitled “Effect of pinching and gibberellic acid on growth, flowering and yield of African marigold (Tagetes erecta L.)” under different seasons was conducted at Experimental Orchard of Department of Horticulture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during the crop season of 2015-16. Treatments comprised of four levels each of pinching (P1 - No pinching, P2 - Pinching at 2 WAT, P3- Pinching at 3 WAT and P4 - Pinching at 4 WAT) and gibberellic acid (G0 - Control, G1 - 150 ppm, G2 - 250 ppm and G3 - 350 ppm) with two different seasons i.e. winter and summer. This experiment comprising sixteen treatments in each season was laid out as factorial Randomized Block Design with three replications. Five competitive plants were randomly selected from each treatment to record data on growth, flowering, flower yield and seed parameters. Statistical analysis of data revealed that application of GA3 250 ppm on plants pinched at two weeks after transplanting showed better results in terms of growth, flowering and yield of African marigold. In summer season, maximum fresh & dry weight of plant, number of buds and flowers per plant and seedling shoot length was observed with application of GA3 250 ppm and pinching at 2 week after transplanting while, maximum flower yield, 1000 seeds weight, seed yield, seed germination, seedling root length, seedling dry weight and seed vigour-I&II observed in winter season. It was also recorded that earliest appearance of 1st flower was observed in un-pinched plants sprayed with GA3 350 ppm during summer season, however, earliest bud initiation, maximum flower diameter, duration of flowering, fresh & dry weight of flower, number of seeds and number of black seeds per capitulum were recorded in un-pinched plants of winter season.