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2017 - 201932020 - 20231
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Author: Rahul × Start date: 1984 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Microclimate modification and simulation studies on pigeonpea under semi-arid conditions
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2023-05) Rahul; Khichar, M.L.
    Field experiment entitled ―Microclimate modification and simulation studies on pigeonpea under semi-arid climatic conditions‖ were conducted during kharif season (2020 and 2021) at research farm, Department of Agricultural Meteorology, CCS HAU, Hisar located at 29º 10´ N latitude, 75º 46´ E longitude and 215.2 m altitude. The experiment was put in a factorial randomized block design and comprised of three plant spacing (main plot treatments) viz. S1- 30 × 10 cm, S2- 40 × 10 cm, S3- 60 × 10 cm and four sub plot treatments comprising four varieties viz. V1 (Paras), V2 (Manak), V3 (PAU 881) and V4 (Pusa 992) with three replications. Spacing 60 × 10 cm and Pusa 992 took more number of days to attain physiological maturity in both the crop seasons. Higher plant height was recorded in spacing 30 × 10 cm and Pars in both the crop seasons. Maximum dry matter was observed in 60 × 10 cm spacing and Paras in both the crop seasons. Maximum LAI and chlorophyll content was recorded in 60 × 10 cm spacing and Paras in both the crop seasons. LAI and chlorophyll content increases with the advancement of crop growth intervals and reach maximum at 130 DAS and then gradually decrease up to 150 DAS. Maximum primary and secondary branches per plant were observed in 60 × 10 cm spacing and Paras in both the crop seasons. Test weight, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, seed yield, straw yield, biological yield and harvest index were observed highest in 60 × 10 cm spacing and Paras in both the crop seasons. Highest GDD, HTU and PTU were recorded in 60 × 10 cm spacing and Pusa 992 from seedling emergence to physiological maturity in both the crop seasons. The temperature profiles were inverse in morning hours and lapse in evening hours. The relative humidity profiles were lapse inside the crop canopy throughout the day but profiles were near iso-humic at 0900 in the morning during various growth stages during both crop seasons. Simulation performance of model showed an underestimation with days to anthesis, days to physiological maturity, LAI and biological yield, while, Harvest index and seed yield was overestimated by the model.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Study on drought frequency and its effects on kharif crop production in Haryana
    (CCSHAU, 2019) Rahul; Dagar, C.S.
    The present study entitled ―Study on drought frequency and its effects on kharif crop production in Haryana‘‘, was conducted in 21 districts of Haryana. The primary objective of the study was to calculate the occurrence of drought frequency and its effects on crop production in Haryana during 1987 to 2016. For identification of drought year‘s two drought indices i.e. SPI and rainfall deviation from normal as given by IMD were used and the extent of deficit of annual rainfall, the annual rainfall departure analysis has been carried out. Rainfall variability analysis during kharif season showed a decreasing trend of rainfall in eastern and western zones of Haryanaexcept Faridabad in eastern zone and Hisar in western zone which showed slightly increasing trend.On the basis of SPI values the Ambala and Mewat in eastern zone and Fatehabad and Rewari in western zone are more prone to moderate drought, whereas Sonipat and Hisar has more chances to experience severe drought based on their past experience. Kurukshetra and Kaithal seems to be safer in terms of their proneness to sever drought as they never experienced SPI based severe drought condition during the study period. Another criteria i.e. IMD‘s rainfall deviation criteria of drought frequency reflected that the districts of Sonipat, Bhiwani and Rewari have more tendency of getting moderate drought as compared to other districts and Kurukshetra and Kaithal in case of severe drought. In eastern zone of Haryana majority of area was under no drought conditions on the basis of both indices.As drought category is concerned the IMD criterion for drought is more sensitive to ‗Moderate‘ and ‗Severe‘ droughts and the SPI found more sensitive to ‗No drought‘ conditions.It was concluded that more number of drought years was observed in western zone as compare to eastern zone of Haryana. The effect of drought on kharifcrops was analyzed by using correlation and scatter plot. Rice, Bajra, maize and cotton showed negative relationship with rainfall and SPI, whereas moong crop showed positive relationship with rainfall and SPI where these crops were grown. The adverse effects of drought on crop productivity were nullified by the assured irrigation facilities. The increased rainfall decreased the productivity by favouring the high incidence of pest and diseases except moong crop which were grown in summer season and relish the rainfall.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Heterosis and combining ability studies in brinjal
    (CCSHAU, 2018) Rahul; Phor, S.K.
    The current investigation entitled “Heterosis and combining ability studies in brinjal’’ was undertaken to reproduce the information on the extent of heterosis, and to enlighten the combining ability effects of parents and hybrids using line x tester mating design. The experiment was carried out at Research Farm of the Department of Vegetable Science, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during spring-summer and rainy season of 2017. 15 lines and 3 testers were crossed in a line x tester mating design to generate 45 F1 hybrids and were evaluated against standard hybrid (Punjab Sadabahar). The observations were recorded on 13 different characters in brinjal. The analysis of variance revealed that the genotype selected for the current investigations were having sufficient amount of genetic variability among the genotypes to carry out further genetic analysis. The analysis of variance for combining ability showing that the variances due to GCA and SCA were highly significant for all the characters indicating the importance of both additive and non-additive gene action in the inheritance of these traits. Among all the fifteen lines, the line HE -100 was found good general combiner for characters like plant height, number of branches per plant, days to 50% flowering, days to first fruit harvest, number of flowers per cluster, number of fruits per cluster, fruit length (cm), fruit length to fruit diameter ratio, fruit yield per plant (kg) and fruit yield per hectare (q). Similarly, among testers, BR-112 was best general combiner for plant height, days to first fruit harvest, fruit diameter, average fruit weight (g), fruit yield per plant (kg) and fruit yield per hectare (q), HLB-12 found good combiner for number of braches per plant, number of flowers per cluster, number of fruits per cluster, fruit length (cm), fruit length to fruit diameter ratio and number of fruits per plant, and H-8 tester found good combiner for only days to 50% flowering. On the basis of SCA effects, the top performing crosses were HE-104 x H-8 (50.09) and HE-105 x BR-112 (45.04) for fruit yield per plant (kg) and fruit yield per hectare (q). Highest heterotic value for fruit yield per plant were observed in cross combinations HE-100 x H-8 (42.27%) followed by HE-100 x HLB-12 (40.97%), HE-106 x BR-112 (37.54%) and HE-101 x BR-112 (36.46%). Highest per se performance was recorded in the line HE-100 (440.46 q), tester HLB-12 (464.75 q) and cross combinations HE-100 x H-8 (505.51 q), HE-100 x HLB-12 (500.90 q) and HE-106 x BR-112 (488.70 q) yielded highest fruit yield per hectare in brinjal.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Development and evaluation of cheese and toffee from Guava-Jamun blends
    (CCSHAU, 2017) Rahul; Gehlot, Rakesh
    The present research work entitled “Development and evaluation of cheese and toffee from Guava-Jamun blends” was carried out with the objectives to standardize appropriate combination of guava-jamun blends for preparation of cheese and toffee, and also to evaluate the storage quality of blended products. Guava and jamun fruits were analyzed for different physico-chemical parameters. Data show that guava and jamun fruits had average fruit weight (122 and 8.8 g) and pulp weight (912 and 699 g/kg fruit), respectively. Chemical constituents of guava and jamun fruits such as TSS, total sugars and reducing sugars were found to be (12.1 and 8.1%), (6.53 and 5.46%) and (4.28 and 4.12%), whereas acidity, ascorbic acid, anthocyanins, pectin and total phenols were analyzed to be (0.51 and 0.84%), (114 mg/100 g and ND), (ND and 105 mg/100 g), (1.37 and 0.31%) and (371 and 347 mg/100 g), respectively. Total sugars, reducing sugars and browning increased significantly, while ascorbic acid, anthocyanins and total phenols decreased significantly in guava-jamun cheese and toffee during three months storage. Texture (N) of guava-jamun cheese decreased, while that of guava-jamun toffee increased significantly during storage period. Cheese prepared with (20 guava: 80 jamun) and toffee prepared with (40 guava: 60 jamun) blends were found most acceptable. Overall acceptability of guava-jamun cheese and toffee decreased significantly with the increase in storage period but both the blended products were acceptable even after three months storage. Cost of production of guava-jamun cheese and toffee was recorded maximum in 0 guava: 100 jamun blend and minimum in 100 guava: 0 jamun blend.