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Subject: Zoology × Author: Komal × End date: 2018 × Start date: 2017 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Management of Tyrophagus putrescentiae Schrank (Acari: Acaridae) in Oyster mushroom, Pluerotus sajor-caju and its molecular characterization
    (CCSHAU, 2017) Komal; Gulati, Rachna
    The studies on population buildup of Tyrophagus putrescentiae on compost and fruiting body of Pleurotus sajor-caju revealed that irrespective of initial inoculums level mite number decreased significantly at each observation period. No mites were recorded after 24, 24, 30 days and 24, 34, 38days on wheat straw and wheat straw plus calcium sulphate based compost at initial inoculums level of 10, 20 and 30 T. putrescentiae pairs, respectively. The weight loss of the compost was 0 to 10.3 percent in these levels. Percent loss in total sugar, reducing sugar, non reducing sugar, starch, protein content of compost was in the range of 13.3 to 52.1%, 11.3 to 27%, 1.2 to 4.07%, 14.2 to 35.7%, 45 to 71%, respectively. In fruiting bodies, a peak in population (41.66, 59.00, 83.00 mites/10g fruiting body) was recorded at initial inoculums level of 10, 20 and 30 T. putrescentiae pairs. Weight loss of the fruiting body was 0.00 to 20.5 percent in these levels. Significant reduction in total sugar, reducing sugar, non reducing sugar, starch, protein content of fruiting bodies was recorded. It was 0.134, 0.055, 0.070, 0.010, 0.279 mg/10g fruiting body at 30 mite pairs as compared to 0.162, 0.075, 0.099, 0.029, 0.741mg/10g fruiting body in control. Percent reduction in T. putrescentiae population with Withania somnifera, Azadirachta indica, neem oil and neem cake was 82.20 to 100, 43.64 to 100, 23.00 to 100 and 25.60 to 100 percent after 45 days post-treatment. Higher concentrations (2 and 1%) were significantly more effective as these showed no T. putrescentiae counts as compared to initial pre treatment count (50 mite pairs). Molecular characterization of four T. putrescentiae populations was done by RAPD- PCR to know the genetic similarity among them. The yield of DNA from T. putrescentiae population collected from soil samples of horticulture, forestry plantations and vegetable crops and wheat flour ranged from 876to 2000 μg/ml. A total of 208 bands were generated for T. putrescentiae where 204 bands (98.07%) were polymorphic and 4 1.92%) bands were monomorphic. Among the four populations range of polymorphism was 87.5 to 100 percent. The T. putrescentiae populations collected from soils of vegetable and forestry plantations were found to be the most diverse with a minimum similarity value of 0.475.