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Open Access
Evaluation of onion (Allium cepa L.) genotypes for growth, yield and shelf life
(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2019-11) Hitesh Kumar; Dhankhar, S K;
The aim of this study was to evaluate of ten onion (Allium cepa L.) genotypes for growth, yield and shelf life parameters at research farm of department of vegetable science and phytochemicals study was observed in laboratory of Department of Biochemistry, CCS, Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. The significant variations were observed for the traits viz., leaf length (cm), leaves per plant, leaf diameter (cm), neck thickness (cm), number of sheath, bulb length (cm), bulb diameter (cm), bulb yield (q/ha), PWL, sprouting, rotting, TSS, total phenolic, total flavonoids, antioxidant activity, ascorbic acid and total anthocyanin were evaluated among the genotypes. Hisar onion-8 and Hisar onion-9 and Hisar onion-11 have best for vigorous growth and bulbs yield among genotypes. Minimum losses were observed in Hisar onion-7 followed by Hisar onion-4 which was best for long term storability among the genotypes. Maximum total phenolic, antioxidant activity, total anthocyanin and ascorbic acid was found in Hisar onion-7 followed by Hisar onion-4, total flavonoids found in Hisar onion-2 followed by Hisar onion-3 while highest TSS content was found in Hisar onion-5 among the genotypes. We have seen the changes of TSS, total phenolic, total flavonoid, antioxidant activity, total anthocyanin and ascorbic acid in bulbs during period of storage. Therefore, the increases in phenolic, antioxidant activity, flavonoids, and TSS content till 60 days of storage, then after started decreased during storage whereas we seen of total anthocyanin and ascorbic acid was decreased from 30 days to120 days of storage in the genotypes.
Open Access
Effect of irrigation methods and planting dates on yield of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)
(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2019-11) Mukesh Kumar; Bhatia, A K
The present investigation entitled “Effect of irrigation methods and planting dates on yield of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)” was studied at Research farm of Department of Vegetable Science, CCS HAU, Hisar during the year 2017-18 and 2018-19. Among different irrigation methods, micro-sprinkler irrigation method (I2) significantly enhance total tubers yield of potato (230.0 and 252.2 q/ha harvested at 75 DAP and 246.1 and 295.2 q/ha harvested at 90 DAP) over furrow irrigation method, whereas, among different dates of planting, 15th October (D4) gave significantly maximum total tubers yield of potato (341.6 and 363.4 q/ha harvested at 75 DAP and 383.2 and 417.3 q/ha harvested at 90 DAP) over rest of the other planting dates during 2017-18 and 2018-19, respectively. While comparing the interaction between irrigation method and date of planting, maximum yield of potato was observed in treatment D4I2 and comparing the combinations of different dates of planting with different methods of irrigation, maximum total tubers yield of potato (349.0 and 371.8 q/ha harvested at 75 DAP and 392.3 q/ha and 435.8 q/ha harvested at 90 DAP) were recorded in treatment D4I2 (where potato planted on 15th October under micro-sprinkler irrigation) which was statistically at par with D4 I1 (334.3 q/ha) during 2017-18 harvested at 75 DAP and D4 I1 (414.8 q/ha) during 2018-19 harvested at 90 DAP but potato planted on 15th September and harvested at 75 DAP with micro-sprinkler irrigation method to be a good substitute for existing planting dates and duration, which gave highest benefit cost ration (due to high price of fresh potato) under Hisar conditions.
Open Access
Studies on the effect of drip irrigation on growth, yield and storage behaviour of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars
(CCSHAU, 2019) Shiwani; Bhatia, A.K.
The field investigation entitled “Studies on the effect of drip irrigation on growth, yield and storage behaviour of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars” conducted at Research Farm of Department of Vegetable Science and in Post-harvest Laboratory of Department of Vegetable Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during 2016-17 and 2017-18. Two levels of irrigation methods, i.e., drip and furrow irrigation and four potato cultivars, i.e., Kufri Pukhraj, Kufri Pushkar, Kufri Surya and Kufri Bahar were undertaken to study the effect of irrigation methods on growth, yield and storage of potato cultivars. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design in field and Completely Randomized Design in Laboratory with four replications during 2016-17 and 2017-18. The observations were recorded on growth parameters, i.e., plant emergence at 30 days (%), plant height (cm) and number of shoots per hill at 30, 60 and 90 days after planting, yield parameters, i.e, foliage weight (kg/m2), biological yield (q/ha), total tuber yield (q/ha), marketable yield (q/ha), yield (kg/m2) and number of tubers per m2 in each grade (0-25, >25-50, >50-75 and >75 g), harvest index (%), fertilizer use efficiency (kg/ha/kg), water use efficiency (kg/ha/cm), available soil NPK (kg/ha), dry matter content (%) and NPK uptake of foliage and tuber (kg/ha), storage parameters like physiological loss in weight (%), decay loss on number and weight basis (%), sprout loss on number and weight basis (%), sprout weight (%), total loss (%), specific gravity, starch content (%), non-reducing sugar (mg/100g), reducing sugars (mg/100 g), total sugars (mg/100 g), phenol content (mg/100 g) and ascorbic acid (mg/100 g). The growth and yield parameters were recorded significantly maximum in Kufri Pushkar with drip irrigation as compared to other treatment combinations. The storage losses were observed minimum in Kufri Surya with drip irrigation and ascorbic acid as well as phenol content was estimated highest in Kufri Pushkar under drip irrigation during both the years. The maximum net returns and BC ratio was observed with Kufri Pushkar under drip irrigation, whereas, the minimum was noted with Kufri Surya under furrow irrigation.
Open Access
Effect of integrated nutrient management on growth, seed yield and quality of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)
(CCSHAU, 2019) Vinod Kumar; Tehlan, S.K.
The present investigation was carried out at Vegetable Research Farm and in the laboratories of the Department of Seed Science and Technology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar to assess the effect of integrated nutrient management on seed yield, quality and relative storability in coriander. The material comprised of newly developed coriander variety “Hisar Bhoomit” which was grown with eighteen treatment combinations of organic manures, inorganic fertilizers and biofertilizers. All the treatment combinations were evaluated for different growth, seed yield, quality, and storability parameters. Experimental results revealed that the application of 100 per cent recommended dose of nitrogen (60 kg per ha) through inorganic sources (T1) along with biofertilizers (Azotobacter and PSB) recorded superior performance over other treatments with significantly higher values for all the growth and yield attributes viz, Plant height, number of branches per plant, number of umbellets per umbel, number of seeds per umbel , number of seeds per umbellet , seed yield per plant (g), seed yield (kg/ha), biological yield (kg/ha) and harvest index (%). The net returns and benefit cost ratio was also found highest in this treatment during both the years of experimentation. However, the seed inoculation with azotobacter and phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) along with recommended dose of nitrogen through vermicompost (T5) recorded significantly higher test weight (g), standard germination (%), seedling length (cm), seedling dry weight (mg), vigour index –I, vigour index –II, dehydrogenase activity (OD g-1 ml-1), superoxidase dismutase (mg protein-1 min-1), field emergence index, seedling establishment (%) and minimum electrical conductivity (μ S cm-1 g-1). The same treatment also recorded significantly higher relative storability as adjudged by standard germination, seedling length, seedling dry weight, vigour index –I, vigour index –II and minimum electrical conductivity (696.92 μ S cm-1 g-1) after accelerated ageing of seed for 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours at 40±1⁰C at 100% relative humidity.
Open Access
Integrated nutrient management of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)
(CCSHAU, 2019) Vikash Kumar; Malik, T.P.
A field experiment entitled “Integrated nutrient management of fennel”, conducted during Rabi season of 2016-17 and 2017-18 at Research Farm of Department of Vegetable Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. It comprised of 16 treatment levels of fennel in recommended block design with three replications. The main objectives were to study the effect of integrated nutrient management on growth and seed yield of fennel, to study the effect of integrated nutrient management on seed quality, to study the relative storability of seed produced under various treatment combination, to calculate the economics of various treatments. Growth parameters of fennel crop were significantly affected by the organic and inorganic fertilizer. Maximum plants height and number of branches were observed in treatment T11: (100%) RDF + Azotobacter + PSB. Days to 50 per cent flowering clearly indicated that this factor was not significantly affected by none of the integrated nutrient management treatment. The pooled range of days to 50 per cent flowering was 126.1 (T11) RDF (100%) + Azotobacter + PSB to 119.8 (T16) control. Almost all the treatments were equal in days to 50 per cent flowering in fennel. Recommended dose of fertilizer along with Azotobacter + PBS (T11) resulted into significantly more number of days to maturity (173.7, 169.50) during 2016-17 and 2017-18. The pooled mean value was 171.6 days. Under control conditions (T16), minimum days to maturity were observed (147.8) on the basis of pooled mean analysis. Yield attributes like number of umbels/plant (57.57), number of umbelets/umbel (33.33), number of seeds/umbel (613.67), number of seeds/umbelets (30.52), seed yield/plant (74.93), seed yield (2039.9 kg/ha), biological yield (6965 kg/ha), harves t index (32. 08) etc. were highest in treatment T11 : (100%) RDF + Azotobacter + PSB per hectare. Seed quality parameters like test weight (g), seed density (g/cc), standard germination (%), seedling length (cm), seedling dry weight (g), vigour index- (I&II), accelerated ageing, enzyme activity (DHA & SOD), field emergence index, seedling establishment were found significantly highest in treatment T9 : (100%) RDN through vermicopost + Azotobacter + PSB. The lowest value found in treatment T16 : control. After accelerated ageing for 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours the seed received from the treatment T9 : 100% RDN through vermicompost + Azotobacter + PSB showed highest standard germination (%), seedling length, seedling dry weight and seed vigour indices (I&II). The lowest value of electrical conductivity at 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours (144.8, 233.0, 353.1, 497.7, 697.78 S cm-1 g-1) was observed in treatment T9 : 100% RDN through vermicompost + Azotobacter + PSB the same treatments while the highest value was observed in (T16) control (190.1, 302.9, 434.1, 602.2, 841.8 S cm-1 g-1). The maximum net return (Rs.119302.7/ha) and benefit-cost ratio (2.08) was obtained from the treatment T11 : 100% RDF + Azotobacter + PSB because of higher seed yield and more availability of nutrients from the inorganic nitrogen sources. The minimum net return (Rs. 43476.7/ha) and benefit-cost ratio (1.41) obtained from the treatment T16 : control.
Open Access
Effect of packaging materials and post-harvest essential oil treatments on the storage behavior of potato cultivars
(CCSHAU, 2018) Archana Rani; Bhatia, A.K.
The present investigation entitled “Effect of packaging materials and post-harvest essential oil treatments on the storage behaviour of potato cultivars” was carried out in Post-Harvest Laboratory of the Department of Horticulture Sciences, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during the year 2015-16 and 2016-17. The four potato varieties, i.e., Kufri Bahar, Kufri Sadabahar, Kufri Surya and Kufri Pushkar were packed in gunny bags, nylon netted bag, cotton bag, polyethylene bag (LDPE) and plastic crates in all the possible combinations under ambient conditions in first experiment. Under second experiment four types of sprout suppressant i.e., clove oil, mint oil, neem oil and tea tree oil with their three concentration i.e., 10 ml/litre, 15 ml/litre and 20 ml/litre were applied on potato tubers cv. Kufri Pushkar and stored in cardboard boxes for various parameters. The loss in weight of tubers due to physiological activities, decaying and sprouting increased with the increase in storage period. Dry matter content and specific gravity, reducing sugars, non-reducing sugar and total sugars also increased with increasing storage period. There was a marked reduction in phenol, ascorbic acid and starch content of potato tubers during storage up to the end of the experiment. Among the packaging materials, plastic crates showed the highest PLW (19.0 and 18.2%), whereas, LDPE bags the lowest (13.3 and 12.5%), decay loss was noticed highest in LDPE bags (49.7 and 47.7%) followed by cotton bags (36.4 and 38.1%) and sprouting loss was observed highest in plastic crates (83.3 and 15.0%), whereas, lowest in LDPE bags (55.1 and 7.2%) on 90th day of storage during first and second trial, respectively. Specific gravity showed non-significant difference with respect to packaging material but all the varieties showed their significant difference. LDPE bags showed highest value for ascorbic acid (14.54 and 16.21mg), phenols (26.57 and 25.93 mg) and dry matter (17.11 and 17.09%), whereas, plastic crates showed lowest value for ascorbic acid (11.79 and 10.96 mg), phenols (17.33 and 18.15 mg) and dry matter (16.12 and 15.77%) at the end of storage period in both year of storage study. Among the varieties, PLW was recorded highest in Kufri Bahar (16.97 and 15.54%), whereas, lowest in Kufri Pushkar (14.29 and 13.65%), decay loss was maximum in Kufri Pushkar (47.2 and 46.4%) while, minimum in Kufri Kufri Sadabahr (19.4 and 19.7%). So, far the variety is concerned, Kufri Sadabahar and among packaging materials, gunny bags followed by nylon netted bags showed overall better performance and Kufri Pushkar showed poor storage life. Amongst sprout suppressant, clove showed minimum PLW (8.13 and 7.79%), while, mint oil maximum (10.09 and 9.76%), tea tree oil showed lowest decay loss (31.62 and 28.31%), whereas, mint oil showed highest (37.47 and 37.41%). So far general appearance, tubers with different sprout suppressant showed sounded tubers than potato tubers under absolute control. Among anti sprouting agents, clove oil was significantly better while, among concentration, C2 and C3 showed better results for all the recorded parameters.
Open Access
Effect of low plastic tunnels, transplanting dates and mulching on yield and quality of tomato
(CCSHAU, 2018) Ansul; Batra, V.K.
The present investigation entitled “Effect of low plastic tunnel, transplanting dates and mulching on yield and quality of tomato production”was conducted at Research Farm, Department of Vegetable Science and Laboratory work was carried out at Department of Biochemistry, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during Rabi of 2014-15 and 2015-16. A field experimentcomprising of two types of tunnels i.e. low tunnel and without tunnel, three dates of transplanting (30th November, 20th December, 10th January,) and three types of mulching materials (black polyethylene, white polythene and control) were laid out in three factorial RBD design with three replications, thus making a total of eighteen treatment combinations, from the various parameters. The results of the study clearly indicated that the plant height and number of branches plant-1 were recorded significantly higher when seedlings were transplanted on 20th December under plastic low tunnel with black polyethylene as mulching material. The minimum number of days to 50% flowering and days to first harvesting were observed in case where the crop transplanted on 10th January under low tunnel using black polyethylene mulch. The maximum number of days taken to last harvesting was recorded when seedlings were transplanted on 30th November under low tunnel with black polyethylene mulch. Moreover, the number of flower per inflorescence, number of inflorescence plant-1, fruits plant-1, fruit weight and early fruit yield q/ha and marketable fruit yield q/ha was recorded maximum under plastic low tunnel when the crop was transplanted on 20th December with black polyethylene mulch while minimum unmarketable yield was observed when seedlings were transplanted under plastic low tunnel on 30th November using black polyethylene as mulch. When the crop was transplanted on 30th November under plastic low tunnel with black polyethylene mulch recorded the minimum weed intensity and dry weight at harvesting stage. In case of qualitative parameters, significantly higher pericarp thickness, acidity, ascorbic acid content and total soluble solids were recorded in the treatment where the seedlings were transplanted on 30th November under plastic low tunnel with black polyethylene as mulch and it was observed that all the qualitative characteristics of the crop (pericarp thickness, acidity, ascorbic acid and total soluble solids) were significantly decreased with delay in planting while the maximum fruit firmness was recorded when tomato seedlings were transplanted on 20th December under low plastic tunnel using black polyethylene as mulching material.The economics of various treatments with benefit to cost ratio and net return was also calculated and the maximum benefit to cost ratio (2.17: 1) and net return (Rs. 278388/ ha) was obtained from tomato crop transplanted 20th December under plastic low tunnel with black polyethylene mulch. From the study, it is concluded that the tomato crop planted on 20th December under low tunnel using black polyethylene as mulching material gave the best results.
Open Access
Genetic divergence and seed vigour studies in fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)
(CCSHAU, 2018) Ravi Kumar, Telugu; Tehlan, S.K.
The present investigation “Genetic divergence and seed vigour studies in fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)” evaluated that 50 genotypes of fennel to determine divergence for yield and its components traits. All the genotypes were also studied to know the seed vigour assessment. The study revealed that mean sum of squares due to genotypes was significant for all the quantitative characters indicating the presence of based on sufficient amount of variation. The analysis based on Mahalnobis D2 statistics the genotypes were grouped in to VIII clusters. Cluster I was having highest number of genotypes and it was followed by clusters IV, III and VI. Based on Tocher‟s method genotypes were grouped into VIII distinct clusters. The distances were significant difference which helps for maximum genetic segregation and genetic recombination for crosses as well as obtaining heterotic response in breeding program for improving yield and its related traits. The analysis of genotypic as well as phenotypic correlations revealed that, the seed yield had positive correlation with plant height, primary branches per plant, secondary branches per plant, umbels per plant, umbellates per umbel, seeds per umbellate, seeds per umbel, seed yield, harvest index, test weight, except days to 50% flowering. Thus selection for these traits should be worked to enhance the yield. Path coefficient analysis revealed high positive direct effect of seed yield per plant, umbels per plant, test weight, seeds per umbel, seeds per umbellate, umbellates per umbel, biological yield per plant and harvest index on seed yield. Therefore simultaneous selection for these traits is suggested for improvement of seed yield in fennel. Maximum vigour potential was shown by HF-171, genotype that showed superiority for almost all vigour parameters. Standard germination, vigour indices and accelerated ageing test were found to be the most suitable predictions for field establishment in fennel.
Open Access
Inheritance of growth and yield traits in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench
(CCSHAU, 2018) Mekala, Srikanth; Dhankhar, S.K.
A field experiment was carried out at Research Farm of the Department of Vegetable Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University for growth, yield traits and YVMV resistance. Four F1 hybrids namely, Hisar Naveen x Varsha Uphar, HB 25-2 x HB-32, HB-40 x HB-27 and HB-1157 x Pusa Sawani, hybrids along with their respective parents were sown during spring-summer 2016 to produce the seeds of F2, back crosses (B1 and B2) and fresh seeds of parents and F1 for evaluation. Six generations (P1, P2, F1, F2, B1 and B2) of four crosses were sown during Kharif 2016 in Compact Family Block Design to evaluate them for growth, yield, its traits and resistance to YVMV. The data collected from evaluation of six generations of four crosses were subjected to statistical analysis of correlation, path analysis and generation mean analysis. Study on association of traits revealed that selection for branches per plant, plant height, fruit weight, fruit length and number of fruits could improve the fruit yield per plant. Based on gene action studies in all the crosses dominance gene effects were greater than additive effects except in HB-40 x HB-27 cross additive gene effects were greater than dominance gene effects. Therefore, improvement in these crosses viz., Hisar Naveen x Varsha Uphar, HB 25-2 x HB-32 and HB-1157 x Pusa Sawani may be carried out in the later generations after reduction of non-additive components for yield and yield contributing traits. Breeding line HB-1157 was found resistant against the YVMV disease. Qualitative analysis for YVMV resistance using goodness of fit showed that the resistance to YVMV was governed by single dominant gene in HB-1157.

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