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Theses

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2001 - 2009122010 - 201821
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Subject: Seed Science and Technology × End date: 2018 × Type: Thesis ×
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Now showing 1 - 9 of 33
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Morpho-physiological characterization of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under normal and late sowing conditions
    (CCSHAU, 2018) Mohammad, Wasim; Mor, V.S.
    A study was conducted on ―Morpho-physiological characterization of wheat (Triticum a estivum L.) under normal and late sowing conditions‖ by applying 26 morphological qualitative and quantitative traits to characterize the 30 wheat genotypes. The qualitative traits like coleoptile colour, plant growth habit, auricle colour, flag leaf attitude, outer glume pubescence, shoulder width and shape were found to be most important diagnostic characters for genotype identification of wheat. There was no change in their state of expression with respect to change in the sowing time. The waxiness of ear, sheath, blade and peduncle were the supportive traits used for genotype identification. The phenol test was resulted in clear cut categorize genotypes into different groups on seed basis. The ranking of phenol test was found stable in seeds produced under both dates of sowing. The quantitative traits decreased significantly under late sown conditions as compare to normal sown condition. The clustering analysis was done on the basis of their traits which classified 30 wheat genotypes into nine distinct clusters under normal and late sown conditions. The schematic diagrams were made on the basis of morpho-physiological traits. The identification keys were developed to identify all the genotypes under study. Some genotypes had specific character through which they can be identified easily viz. WH 1322 have coleoptile colouration, WH 1025 have prostrate plant growth habit, C 306 have pale green foliage colouration, WH 1221 have very strong flag leaf waxiness on blade, PBW 550 have glume pubescence, WH 711 have lower glume: shoulder width and elevated shaller shape. The seed physiological traits resulted that the bold and vigorous seeds of all wheat genotypes with higher yield can be produced under normal sown conditions.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on impact of natural ageing and seed priming on seed quality in Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) czern. & coss
    (CCSHAU, 2018) Pradeep Singh; Punia, R.C.
    The present study entitled “Studies on impact of natural ageing and seed priming on seed quality in Indian mustard. [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. & Coss.]” was carried out in the Department of Seed Science and Technology at CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar (Haryana) during the year 2015-16 and 2016-17. The experiments was laid out in factorial Complete Randomized Design (CRD) and Randomized Block Design (RBD) for laboratory and field parameters, respectively on three varieties of Indian mustard viz., RH 30, RH 9304 and RH 0406 with three seed lots of each variety. The present investigation was carried out in two different experiments to meet out the objectives of study. In the first experiment, three lots of different Indian mustard were studied for various seed physiological parameters viz., standard germination, seedling length, seedling dry weight, vigour index-I & II, viability test (Tz %), and accelerated ageing. All physiological parameters were decreased significantly with the advancement of natural ageing of seeds. All the biochemical parameters viz., peroxidase (POX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), dehydrogenase enzyme activity decreased significantly with passage of time, whereas, electrical conductivity of seeds leachates increased with the advancement of time. The field parameters viz., seedling emergence index and seedling establishment were also decreased significantly with the advancement of time whereas, mean emergence time increased with the passage of time. In the second experiment, six seed priming treatments viz., T0: Control, T1: hydro-priming followed by dry dressing with carbendazim (2g/kg), T2: Hydration with GA3 (50 ppm), T3: Hydration with KNO3 (0.5%), T4: Hydration with KH2PO4 (0.5%), T5: Biofertilizer (Azotobacter) were analyzed to identify the suitable priming treatment. Among various priming treatments „T2‟- hydration with GA3 @ 50 ppm followed by „T6‟-Biofertilizer performed best to enhance all the seed vigour and viability characteristics and to lower down the electrical conductivity of naturally aged seed lots of Indian mustard seeds. The seed quality improvement through seed priming was noticed more in marginal seed lot i.e. one year old seed lot. Among the different varieties, maximum enhancement was observed in RH-30 followed by RH-9304 whereas, minimum enhancement was observed in variety RH-0406 during the periodof study. In conclusion, the present study revealed that Indian mustard seed lose its viability and vigour with the advancement of storage time and seed priming with GA3 @ 50 ppm and Biofertilizer (Azotobacter) can be used as an effective tool to enhance vigour and viability of seed.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of sowing dates and cuttings on seed yield and quality in oat (Avena sativa L.)
    (CCSHAU, 2018) Digamber; Punia, R.C.
    Seed quality is a vital factor in the crop establishment and overall performance of the crop. Oat is used in India both as feed and fodder. The non-availability of quality seeds of improved varieties is a crucial factor in popularization of fodder crop. Availability of viable and vigorous seed at the planting time is important for achieving targets of agricultural production because good quality seeds act as a catalyst for realizing the potential of other inputs. Keeping in view the seed quality, investigation was carried out in the laboratory and research farm of Department of Seed Science and Technology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during rabi 2016- 17. The variety of oat used was HJ-8. Three different sowings were done on 6th Nov, 2016; 2nd Dec, 2016 and 2nd Jan, 2017 in order to study the effects of sowing dates, days to foliage cut after sowing and stubble height from ground level on seed yield and quality. The date of sowing have significant effect on seed yield and quality of oat. The maximum seed yield (13.8 q/ha) with better seed quality was found in normal sown crop D1 (6th November) followed by (11.4 q/ha) late sown crop D2 (2nd December). Low seed yield (5 q/ha) along with poor seed quality was observed in very late sown crop D3 (2nd January). One foliage cut at 65 DAS (Normal Sowing) and 50 DAS (Late Sowing) can be taken for getting additional fodder yield without affecting the seed yield and quality to a much extent. The stubble height from ground level should be left approximately 10 cm for better regeneration for better seed yield and quality for seed production.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of planting season on seed yield, yield components and seed quality in maize hybrids (Zea mays L)
    (CCSHAU, 2018) Nidhi; Bhuker, Axay
    Four maize hybrids produced during rabi and kharif seasons were evaluated for their performance for different viability, vigour and yield parameters viz. standard germination, seedling length, seed weight, seed density, seedling dry weight, vigour index-I, vigour index-II, accelerated ageing test, electrical conductivity, tetrazolium test, dehydrogenase activity test, catalase activity test, peroxidase test, lipid peroxidation test, protein content, field emergence index, seedling establishment, number of leaves, number of cobs, cob length, plant height, days to 50 % tasseling, days to 50% silking, number of seeds per cob and seed yield to assess the effect of planting season on seed yield, yield components and seed quality in maize hybrids. The rabi season produced seed showed superiority over kharif season for all the seed quality and yield parameters. Among the hybrids, HQPM-5 had the top rank for almost all the vigour, viability and yield parameters in both the seasons (rabi and kharif) indicating its superiority over other hybrids. Standard germination was found significantly and positively correlated with most of the seed quality parameters except electrical conductivity and lipid peroxidation in both the seasons. Electrical conductivity and lipid peroxidation was found significantly and negatively associated with most of the parameters recorded in laboratory and field. On the basis of correlation study, it can be concluded that the viability test like tetrazolium test, electrical conductivity test, dehydrogenase activity test, accelerated ageing test, catalase activity test and lipid peroxidation test can be used as reliable predictor of standard germination in maize and rabi season can be considered as a better option for the production of quality seed in maize in Haryana
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of integrated nutrient management on seed yield, quality and its storability in Field Pea (Pisum sativum L.)
    (CCSHAU, 2018) Pandey, Vineeta; Dahiya, O.S.
    The present research was carried out at the research farm and laboratories of Department of Seed Science & Technology, CCS, Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar to evaluate the effect of integrated nutrient management on seed yield, quality and its storability in field pea (Pisum sativum L.). The material comprised of a variety “HFP-529” which was grown in the research farm of Department of Seed Science & Technology with twenty three treatment combinations of organic manures, inorganic fertilizers and biofertilizers. All the treatments were assessed for different seed yield, quality and storability parameters. Among the treatments, Rhizobium+PSB+100% recommended dose of nitrogen exhibited better performance in terms of yield and its attributes as compared to control. It was observed that application of Rhizobium+PSB+100% nitrogen followed by Rhizobium+PSB+75% nitrogen had maximum vigour potential in terms of test weight, seed density, standard germination, seedling length, seedling dry weight, vigour index, lower electrical conductivity as compared to control. The higher antioxidant enzyme activities (CAT, POD, SOD and dehydrogenase) were recorded in the treatment combination of Rhizobium+PSB+100% nitrogen followed by Rhizobium+PSB+75% nitrogen in comparison to rest of treatments. Nutrient combination of Rhizobium+PSB+100% nitrogen showed maximum speed of emergence, seedling establishment and minimum mean emergence time. Seeds of all the treatment combinations were stored for fifteen months in plastic bags and seed quality was evaluated after five, ten and fifteen month’s interval. It was noticed that seed vigour and quality was negatively affected during storage. Though all the treatments showed decline in vigour but less decline was recorded in the treatment Rhizobium+PSB+100% nitrogen as compared to other treatments after fifteen months of storage. After estimating antioxidant enzyme activities it was found that there activities were declined during ambient storage, however the maximum activity after fifteen months of storage was recorded in the treatment Rhizobium+PSB+100% nitrogen. The freshly harvested seeds of all the treatments were subjected to artificial ageing at 40±1 °C for 72 h and were again assessed for seed quality and antioxidant enzyme activities. After artificial ageing it was noticed that treatment combination of Rhizobium+PSB+100% nitrogen followed by Rhizobium+PSB+75% nitrogen showed better performance in all the seed quality parameters and maximum antioxidant enzyme activities in comparison to other treatments.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Conventional & chemical approach for varietal identification and seed vigour studies in Indian mustard. [Brassica juncea (L.)Czern.& Coss.]
    (CCSHAU, 2017) Rai, Himanshu; Dahiya, O.S.
    The present study entitled “Conventional & chemical approach for varietal identification and seed vigour studies in Indian mustard. [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. & Coss.]” was conducted on 20 Indian mustard varieties which were grown during Rabi 2014-2015 and 2015-16 to characterize them on the basis of morphological characters and chemical methods and to evaluate their seed vigour. The study revealed that morphological characters viz., leaf hairness, leaf colour, leaf lobes, leaf number of lobes, time of flowering (50%), leaf length, leaf width, flower colour of petals, plant main shoot length, plant height, siliqua texture, siliqua length, siliqua number on main shoot, number of seed per siliqua, maturity period, seed colour and test weight were the most important diagnostic characters which provide an excellent system of variety identification in Indian mustard in field condition. Based on chemical tests, Phenol test grouped varieties into three distinct groups viz., dark reddish brown (12varieties), dark grey (6 varieties) and dark red (2 varieties).The modified phenol test grouped these varieties into further sub groups viz., dark brown (6 varieties), brown (7 varieties), reddish brown (4 varieties) and strong brown (3 varieties). Potassium hydroxide test (KOH) grouped varieties into dark brown (6 varieties), brown colour (5 varieties) and light brown (9 varieties). These tests clearly differentiated one group variety from another groups on the basis of seed coat colour. Based on peroxidase test the varieties showed high (9 varieties), medium (8 varieties) and low (3 varieties) activity of peroxidase enzyme while 2,4-D auxin test revealed that the varieties were tolerant (4 varieties), susceptible (8 varieties) and highly susceptible (8 varieties). Among the 20 varieties RH30, Kranti, Varuna, NRCDR601 and RH819 showed superiority for almost all viability and vigour parameters while the varieties NRCHB101, RB50, RH0119, RH0406 and RH8113 proved to be inferior. All the seed quality parameters were found to have significant and positive correlation with standard germination and seedling establishment whereas negative and significant association with electrical conductivity and mean emergence time. Dehydrogenase activity, tetrazolium test and electrical conductivity were found to be most efficient for prediction of standard germination while dehydrogenase activity, standard germination, electrical conductivity test and accelerated ageing test were found to be most reliable tests to predict seedling establishment in the field.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Seed quality enhancement through priming treatments in onion (Allium cepa L.)
    (CCSHAU, 2017) Gaganpreet Singh; Bhuker, Axay
    Onion seeds are micro-biotic in nature and loose the viability rapidly after harvest. If special precautions are not taken during storage, a serious problem in germination exists for the carry-over seed stocks. Fungicide treatments are discouraged due to toxic residues and development of resistance in pathogens. Hence, there is an urgent need for safer method of pathogen control through bio friendly compounds like chitosan, aloe vera, trichoderma and other growth regulators. So, the present study was planned to assess the seed quality by various priming treatments in onion. Significant enhancement in seed quality parameters was observed in all the treatments and maximum enhancement in germination was recorded in the seed hydrated with 100ppm GA3 followed by seed coated with aloe vera gel. In field condition aloe vera gel coated seed performed better and recorded maximum seedling establishment. All the treatment maintained the germination percentage above IMSCS after nine months except the seed treated with 100ppm chitosan. Lower concentration of chitosan i.e. 50ppm enhanced the seed quality parameters but as the concentration increases, it inversely affects the seed quality parameters. Same trend was also observed for other seed quality parameters viz. seedling length, seedling dry weight, vigour indices and electrical conductivity. The concentration of the primers also affected the seed quality parameters during storability. Hence, priming treatment should be given with optimum concentration in onion seed to maintain the seed quality during storage. It was concluded from the study that germination can be maintained above IMSCS in onion seed by treating seeds with GA3 100ppm & aloe vera when stored in plastic containers (700gauge) under ambient conditions.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of seed treatments and containers on chilli and brinjal seed viability
    (CCSHAU, 2017) Malik, Sunil Kumar; Jakhar, S.S.
    The present investigation was carried out at the Department of Seed Science and Technology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar to assess the effect of seed treatments and containers on chilli and brinjal seed viability. The material comprised of two varieties, one RCH-1 of chilli and other Hisar Shyamal-8 of brinjal, which were stored in different containers (metal box, cloth bag and plastic zipling bag) with fifteen fungicides (seed treatment) and control. All the treatments were evaluated for seed quality parameters viz. germination, shoot length, root length, seedling dry weight, vigour indices (I and II), electrical conductivity and dehydrogenase activity. All the treatments showed better performance as compared to untreated control. It was found that use of flusilazole (2g kg-1 seed) in chilli and carbendazim (2g kg-1 seed) in brinjal proved superior as compare to other fungicides. Among containers, metal box was proved better followed by plastic zipling bag and cloth bag for storability of both the crops. Seed quality parameters found decreased with the passage of time in all the containers and fungicide treatments. Only one seed quality parameter i.e. electrical conductivity showed increased values with the progress of storage period. Among the fungicides, systemic proved better than combi fungicides.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of integrated nutrient management on seed yield, quality and storability in fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.)
    (CCSHAU, 2017) Ovais Hamid, Peerzada; Dahiya, O.S.
    The present investigation was carried out at the Department of Seed Science and Technology. CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar to assess the effect of integrated nutrient management on seed yield, quality and storability in fenugreek. The material comprised of a single variety “Hisar Suvarna” which was grown in the research farm of Department of Vegetable Science with seventeen treatment combinations of organic manures, inorganic fertilizers and biofertilizers. All the treatment combinations were evaluated for different seed yield, quality, and storability parameters. Among the treatments, Rhizobium+PSB+75% recommended dose of nitrogen showed better performance in terms of yield and its components as compared to control. It was found that seeds with the application of Rhizobium+PSB+75% nitrogen followed by Rhizobium+100% nitrogen had higher vigour potential in terms of test weight, seed density, germination percent, seedling length, seedling dry weight, lower electrical conductivity as compared to control. The treatment Rhizobium+PSB+75% nitrogen followed by PSB+100% nitrogen showed higher antioxidant enzyme activities (CAT, POD, SOD) in comparison to other treatment combinations. Higher speed of emergence, seedling establishment and lower mean emergence time was observed in nutrient combination of PSB+100% nitrogen. Seeds of all the treatment combinations were stored for eighteen months in plastic containers and seed quality was evaluated after six, twelve and eighteen months interval. It was observed that storage affected seed vigour and seed quality adversely. Though all the treatments showed decrease in vigour but less decrease was found in the treatment Rhizobium+PSB+75% nitrogen in comparison to other treatments after eighteen months of storage. After evaluating antioxidant enzyme activities it was observed that activities of these enzymes decreased during ambient storage, however the highest activity after eighteen months of storage was observed in the treatment PSB+100% nitrogen. The freshly harvested seeds of all the treatment combinations were subjected to artificial ageing at 40±1 °C for 72 h and were again evualted for seed quality and antioxidant enzyme activities. After artificial ageing it was observed that the treatment combination of Rhizobium+PSB+75% nitrogen followed by PSB+100% nitrogen showed better performance in all the seed quality parameters and higher antioxidant enzyme activities as compared to rest of treatments.