Loading...
Theses
Browse
10 results
Search Results
ThesisItem Open Access Seed quality enhancement through priming treatments in onion (Allium cepa L.)(CCSHAU, 2017) Gaganpreet Singh; Bhuker, AxayOnion seeds are micro-biotic in nature and loose the viability rapidly after harvest. If special precautions are not taken during storage, a serious problem in germination exists for the carry-over seed stocks. Fungicide treatments are discouraged due to toxic residues and development of resistance in pathogens. Hence, there is an urgent need for safer method of pathogen control through bio friendly compounds like chitosan, aloe vera, trichoderma and other growth regulators. So, the present study was planned to assess the seed quality by various priming treatments in onion. Significant enhancement in seed quality parameters was observed in all the treatments and maximum enhancement in germination was recorded in the seed hydrated with 100ppm GA3 followed by seed coated with aloe vera gel. In field condition aloe vera gel coated seed performed better and recorded maximum seedling establishment. All the treatment maintained the germination percentage above IMSCS after nine months except the seed treated with 100ppm chitosan. Lower concentration of chitosan i.e. 50ppm enhanced the seed quality parameters but as the concentration increases, it inversely affects the seed quality parameters. Same trend was also observed for other seed quality parameters viz. seedling length, seedling dry weight, vigour indices and electrical conductivity. The concentration of the primers also affected the seed quality parameters during storability. Hence, priming treatment should be given with optimum concentration in onion seed to maintain the seed quality during storage. It was concluded from the study that germination can be maintained above IMSCS in onion seed by treating seeds with GA3 100ppm & aloe vera when stored in plastic containers (700gauge) under ambient conditions.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of seed treatments and containers on chilli and brinjal seed viability(CCSHAU, 2017) Malik, Sunil Kumar; Jakhar, S.S.The present investigation was carried out at the Department of Seed Science and Technology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar to assess the effect of seed treatments and containers on chilli and brinjal seed viability. The material comprised of two varieties, one RCH-1 of chilli and other Hisar Shyamal-8 of brinjal, which were stored in different containers (metal box, cloth bag and plastic zipling bag) with fifteen fungicides (seed treatment) and control. All the treatments were evaluated for seed quality parameters viz. germination, shoot length, root length, seedling dry weight, vigour indices (I and II), electrical conductivity and dehydrogenase activity. All the treatments showed better performance as compared to untreated control. It was found that use of flusilazole (2g kg-1 seed) in chilli and carbendazim (2g kg-1 seed) in brinjal proved superior as compare to other fungicides. Among containers, metal box was proved better followed by plastic zipling bag and cloth bag for storability of both the crops. Seed quality parameters found decreased with the passage of time in all the containers and fungicide treatments. Only one seed quality parameter i.e. electrical conductivity showed increased values with the progress of storage period. Among the fungicides, systemic proved better than combi fungicides.ThesisItem Open Access Studies on the effect of plant oils and biofungicides on seed borne pathogens of chilli and brinjal seeds(CCSHAU, 2017) Priya Reddy, Y. N.; Dahiya, O.S.Chilli and brinjal are important spice and vegetable crops in India and known to be suffered mainly by Colletotrichum capsici and Phomopsis vexans respectively. These pathogens cause damping off at seedling stage and fruit rot at maturity stage affecting the crop yield and marketability of the produce. Seed treatment with carbendazim or other chemical fungicides for control of these important diseases are already in vogue. However, use of these chemicals lead to residual toxicity, induced resistance to pathogens and environmental pollution. Hence, an attempt was made to identify eco-friendly natural measures like plant oils or biofungicides in place of carbendazim to control these diseases. Results revealed that the mycoflora including Colletotrichum capsici and Phomopsis vexans were controlled with the use of carbendazim (2 g kg-1 seed) and also equally with the neem oil treatment @ 5 ml kg-1 seed or Trichoderma viride @10 g kg-1 seed. Further, seedling parameters like seed germination, seedling growth, seedling vigour and disease control were high in infected seed treated with plant oils or biofungicides and were comparable to that of carbendazim treatment. Among the plant oils, neem oil was relatively better than carbendazim in controlling disease and improving the seedling parameters. Similarly, among the biofungicides, Trichoderma viride was better over the Trichoderma asperellum, Pseudomonas fluorescens and their combinations to control the disease and to enhance the seedling vigour. Hence, seed treatment with neem oil @ 5 ml kg-1 seed or Trichoderma viride @10 g kg-1 seed can be effectively used in place of carbendazim (2 g kg-1 seed) for chilli and brinjal to control diseases and also to achieve higher seedling vigour which leads to higher crop productivity.ThesisItem Open Access Maximization of seed yield and quality seed production in berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum L.)(CCSHAU, 2016) Srivastava, Shilpa; Mor, V.S.Seed quality plays an important role in the crop establishment and overall performance of the crop. Keeping in view the seed quality, the experimental material for the present research comprised of two varieties of berseem viz. Wardan and Mescavi that were grown in three replications in factorial RBD to maximize the seed yield and quality. The last foliage cut was given on different dates to left the crop for seed production i.e., C1 (10th march), C2 (25th march) and C3 (9th april) and two foliar spray of micronutrients at initiation of flowering and 50% flowering were done in all cutting treatments. The investigation resulted that delay in the date of last foliage cut reduced the plant growth, seed yield and quality. The crop gave the maximum plant growth along with highest seed yield and quality after C1 which was followed by C2 and lowest performance was observed in C3. The application of 2% KNO3 and 100 ppm borax at the flowering in cutting treatments enhanced the plant growth, seed yield and quality followed by 2% KNO3 as compared to water (control). Mescavi variety was found to be a better seed yielder whereas; Wardan variety produced superior quality seeds.ThesisItem Open Access Cultivar identification in Soybean(CCSHAU, 2005) Ali, N.Mohammed; Verma, S.S.The present investigation comprised of 15 soybean cultivars. To substantiate results seed characters and biochemical test were studied in laboratory and plant morphological characters observed in the field. In seed characteristics hilum colour was most important for identification of off type plants. Among plant morphological characters hypocotyl colour, flower colour, pubescence colour and density were important qualitative traits in soybean cultivar identification and were highly stable and heritable. Growth habit, day to maturity, pod shape, seed shape, seed size, seed coat colour, stem termination type and pod colour too may be specific in expression and therefore, serve in identification of cultivars. Among biochemical characters peroxidase test was most important and not coincide with any other characters and not affected by the storability and quality of seed. The protein-banding pattern clearly differentiates the cultivars into different groups. In gradient gel more number of bands could identified than the single percentage gel. Studying the both morphological and biochemical characters either of the alone characters can’t differentiate the cultivars into clear-cut groups. Thus a combination of both morphological and biochemical characters are most important in identification of cultivars. By these characters an identification key could be developed for easy identification at any stage of seed multiplication. A minimum of three crop observations at seedling, flowering and maturity stages were critical for characterization of soybean cultivars on morphological characters.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of pickings on seed quality in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium arboreum)(CCSHAU, 2005) Sasan, Ashish Kumar; Duhan, J.C.Seed quality plays an important role in crop establishment and overall performance of the crop. Four picking stage viz. First, Second, Third, Fourth of the eight varieties/hybrids viz. AAH-1, HD-107, HD-123, HD-324, HHH-223, H-1098, H-1117, H-1226 of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium arboreum) were evaluated by various tests viz. Standard germination, Seedling length, Seedling dry matter, Vigour index-I, Vigour index-II, Dehydrogenase activity test, Electrical conductivity, Seed index, Seed density, Tetrazolium test in the Department of Seed Science and Technology at Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during 2003-2004. The quality of second picking seed was found significantly better as comparision to other pickings in all varieties/hybrids except seed index which was observed superior in the first picking seed.AAH-1 in desi cotton and HHH-223 variety in American cotton were found superior in seed quality and storability as compare to other varieties. In desi and American cotton AAH-1 and HHH-223 in second picking were recorded significantly higher interaction effect as compared to other combinations (pickings/varieties). These seed lots of various pickings were accelerated aged at 42±1oC for 72 hrs. for predicting the storability. The storability of second picking seed was observed significantly better as comparison to other pickings in all varieties / hybrids. AAH-1 in desi cotton and HHH-223 variety in American cotton wee found superior in storability as compare to other variation.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of ageing and priming on seed storage proteins of barley. (Hordeum vulgare L.)(CCSHAU, 2005) Chauhan, Davender Singh; Punia, R.C.Barley owing to its suitability for salinity and water stress tolerance was selected to define variability available in improved cultivars for seed vigor, viability and storability. An effort was also made to study the effect of ageing and priming on seed storage proteins on the basis of total seed protein profiles. To undertake the above studies six improved genotypes viz. Alfa-93, BH-393, BH-75, BCU-73, RD-2552, K-551 were taken define the changes in storage protein in fresh and accelerated aged seeds. It was observed that all the six genotypes were quite variable for seed quality parameters. The fresh seed lots of all the genotypes were having standard germination above 90%. However, accelerated ageing reduced it to nearly 50%, owing an adverse effect on all the seed quality parameters. On the basis of seed storage protein profiles of fresh and accelerated aged seeds it was revealed that protein profile of fresh seeds was less variable over accelerated aged seeds. An effort was also made to enhance the value of deteriorated seeds (accelerated aged) of BH-75 and BH-393 by giving priming treatments. It was revealed that priming with water and aqueous solution of PEG 6000 significantly increased the standard germination, rate of germination, dehdrogenase activity and vigor index by boosting the repair mechanism of seed. The protein profile of primed seeds revealed that priming results in hydrolysis of seed storage proteins.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of pickings on seed quality in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium arboreum)(CCSHAU, 2005) Sasan, Ashish Kumar; Duhan, J.C.Seed quality plays an important role in crop establishment and overall performance of the crop. Four picking stage viz. First, Second, Third, Fourth of the eight varieties/hybrids viz. AAH-1, HD-107, HD-123, HD-324, HHH-223, H-1098, H-1117, H-1226 of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium arboreum) were evaluated by various tests viz. Standard germination, Seedling length, Seedling dry matter, Vigour index-I, Vigour index-II, Dehydrogenase activity test, Electrical conductivity, Seed index, Seed density, Tetrazolium test in the Department of Seed Science and Technology at Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during 2003-2004. The quality of second picking seed was found significantly better as comparision to other pickings in all varieties/hybrids except seed index which was observed superior in the first picking seed.AAH-1 in desi cotton and HHH-223 variety in American cotton were found superior in seed quality and storability as compare to other varieties. In desi and American cotton AAH-1 and HHH-223 in second picking were recorded significantly higher interaction effect as compared to other combinations (pickings/varieties). These seed lots of various pickings were accelerated aged at 42±1oC for 72 hrs. for predicting the storability. The storability of second picking seed was observed significantly better as comparison to other pickings in all varieties / hybrids. AAH-1 in desi cotton and HHH-223 variety in American cotton wee found superior in storability as compare to other variation.ThesisItem Open Access Characterization and vigour assessment of cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.)(CCSHAU, 2006) Rana, Rakesh; Deswal, D.P.A study was conducted on “Characterization and vigour assessment of cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.)” by applying some field and laboratory tests. Plant morphological characters like plant growth habit, leaf pubescence, leaf margin, flower colour and pod shape were found to be most important diagnostic characters for cultivar identification in cluster bean. Some other character such as number of pod per cluster, days to 50 per cent flowering and pod size were also helpful in identification but cannot be referred as reliable trait for cultivar identification because of effect of location and management. Some seed morphological characters like 100-seed weight and seed shape were also found helpful to differentiate the cluster bean cultivars. The differential response of cluster bean cultivars to different chemical tests such as phenol test, peroxidase test, KOH-bleach test and potassium hydroxide test was found to be accurate means of classification which shows the reliability and quickness of these chemical tests. The schematic diagram on the basis of morphological traits has higher resolution in terms of differentiating among the genotypes. On the other hand the laboratory tests though not so laborious but has less resolving capacity to differentiate among genotypes. The significant mean sums of squares due to genotypes for all the seed vigour parameters revealed the existence of sufficient amount of variability. The correlation study showed the significant and positive association among all the seed quality parameters except electrical conductivity, which showed negative association with other quality parameters.