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ThesisItem Open Access Emotional Intelligence and self- esteem of adolescents(CCSHAU, 2018) Basanti; Sangwan, SantoshThe present study was undertaken in Hisar district of Haryana state. The objective of the study was to assess level and to identify factors affecting emotional intelligence and self esteem. Two schools i.e. Campus and Vishwas Senior Secondary School of Hisar city were selected randomly and two senior secondary schools of Kaimri from Block-I and Rawalwas from Block-II, Govt. School were selected. A sample of 120 rural and 120 urban respondents including equal number of males and females of 14-16 year age were taken, thus to make a total sample of 240 adolescents. Majority of males and females living in rural area had normal level of emotional intelligence followed by above average and below average. Similar trend was observed for urban respondents. Main finding revealed that regardless of locale, self-esteem of majority of adolescents was high followed by negative and balanced. Study further pointed out that irrespective of gender, self-esteem of majority of males and females was positive followed by negative and balanced. There were significant differences in emotional intelligence of rural, urban and in total sample on the basis of self-esteem. Positive and significant relationship existed between self-esteem and emotional intelligence of children. Children whose fathers and mothers were more educated had high personally and socially perceived self-esteem then those whose parents were less educated. Children form high income families had high self-esteem than those from low and middle income families. Regression analysis revealed significant positive interaction between socio-economic variables and socially perceived self-esteem of children indicating that socio-economic variables are strong predictor of personally and socially perceived self-esteem and emotional intelligence.ThesisItem Open Access Parental aspiration and academic stress among adolescents(CCSHAU, 2018) Pinki; Duhan, KrishnaAcademic stress is a mental discomfort with respect to some expected frustration related with academic failure. Parents which serves as first school for the child appears to be an important source of rising expectation, therefore the study was conducted to examine the relationship of socio-personal variables, parental aspiration and academic resilience with academic stress. The study was undertaken in Hisar district of Haryana state in govt. and private schools of Hisar city and Kharkara village on 200 adolescents of arts and science stream. The sample represents equal number of boys and girls ranging in 16-18 years of age group comprising equal sample size with regards to area of residence and stream of education. Parental aspiration scale by Grover and Grover (1987) was used to assess perceived parental aspiration of respondents, academic resilience scale by Mallick and Kaur (2015) was used to assess academic resilience, mental health inventory by Jagdish and Shrivastva (1983) to assess mental health and academic stress scale by Rao (2012) was used to assess academic stress of respondents. The finding elucidates that urban respondents perceived higher parental aspiration and had more academic resilience than rural respondents. The results further highlighted that female respondents perceived higher parental aspiration and had low academic resilience than their counterparts. With regards to mental health, results portray better mental health of urban respondents than rural respondents. Results further revealed that urban respondents face more academic stress than rural respondents. Results further pinpointed that ordinal position, occupation of mother, parent’s income and academic resilience of the respondents was significantly and negative correlated with academic stress. Parental aspiration and parent’s education was significantly and positively correlated with academic stress.ThesisItem Open Access Self-esteem, achievement motivation and academic performance of high school children(CCSHAU, 2018) Priyanka; Balda, ShantiSelf-esteem refers to person's beliefs about his or her worth and value. Self-esteem is important because it influences individual's decisions. Achievement motivation is described as the need for performing well or the motivated for success and evidence by persistence or effort in the facing the difficulties. Academic performance as well as achievement both is the outcomes of education and the extent from which a student, teacher and the institution has accomplished their educational goals. The present study examines the relationship between self-esteem, achievement motivation and academic performance of high school children. The study was conducted in Hisar city and rural area of Hisar district. Total sample constituted of 240 adolescents, 120 from rural area and 120 from urban area, representing both the sexes in equal number. Self-prepared interview schedule was used to collect information on personal and socio-economic variables. Self- Esteem Inventory (Prasad and Thakur, 1977) was used to assess self-esteem of children. Rao‟s Achievement Motivation Test (Rao, 1974) was used to assess achievement motivation of children. For academic performance, percentage of marks secured in previous three examinations was obtained from school records. The results revealed that maximum percentage of high school children belonged to moderate category of personally perceived and socially perceived self-esteem. Irrespective of area of residence and sex of children, self-esteem of majority of high school children was high followed by negative and balanced. Majority of children had moderate level of achievement motivation. Majority of children from both the areas belonged to above average category of academic performance. There existed significant positive correlations between self-esteem (personally perceived and socially perceived) and achievement motivation and academic performance of children. Children with balanced and high self-esteem had high achievement motivation and performed better in academics than those with negative self-esteem. Results further revealed that socio-economic status of family was strong predictor of self-esteem and achievement motivation of children.ThesisItem Open Access Parental encouragement and educational aspiration of high school children in Hisar and Udaipur city(CCSHAU, 2018) Katara, Nootan Shambhulal; Balda, ShantiParental encouragement is a general process taken up by parents for directing the behaviour of children. Educational aspirations are the standards of education that an individual sets for his educational goals realistically in relation to his physical and mental attributes and in accordance with his environment. Parental encouragement is a powerful intervening variable affecting children’s educational aspirations. The study examines the influence of parental encouragement on educational aspirations of high school children. The present study was conducted in Hisar city of Haryana and Udaipur city of Rajasthan state on 240 students comprising 120 from Hisar and 120 from Udaipur city. The sample represented equal number of boys and girls ranging in 13-16 years of age group. Parental encouragement level was assessed by using Parental Encouragement Scale by Sharma (1997). Educational aspiration was assessed by Educational Aspiration scale by Sharma and Gupta (2015). The results revealed that majority of children received moderate level of parental encouragement irrespective of area of residence, sex of child and affiliation of their school to educational board. Maximum number of children had moderate level of educational aspiration irrespective of area of residence, sex of child and affiliation of their school to educational board. The results elucidated significant relationship between parental encouragement and educational aspiration of children. The regression results also revealed that parental encouragement is strong predictor of educational aspiration. The study further unveils that there was no association between educational aspiration and area of residence, sex of child, caste, affiliation of their school to educational board and family type. Study highlighted significant relationship between educational aspiration and age, ordinal position, number of siblings, parental education and occupation, family size and family income. Simple factorial ANOVA for educational aspiration by paternal education, maternal education, income and family size with covariates (parental encouragement, area and educational board) revealed that when all independent variables entered simultaneously, results revealed ANCOVA model was significant. Combined effect of covariates and combined effect of paternal education, maternal education, income and family size were significant.ThesisItem Open Access Multiple intelligence in young adolescent boys(CCSHAU, 2017) Renu; Chhikara, SudhaThere is challenge in the education field regarding the variation of student progress. No two individuals are alike in the universe. If any student wants to reach his or her goals or aims he or she has to meet many challenges like cognitive ability, efficient methods of learning, concentration, memory, intelligence, learning environment and the students progress. Children differ immensely in intelligence. Intelligence refers to capacity to learn with speed and accuracy, capacity to solve problems and capacity to adjust in the society. The study examined the level of Multiple intelligence in adolescent boys and related ecological factors. The present study was conducted in rural and urban area of Mahendergarh districts of Haryana state on 200 adolescent boys comprising 100 from rural and 100 from urban areas. Multiple intelligence level was assessed by using the multiple intelligence tool developed by Kaur, and chhilara (2006) Most of the respondents were found in average level of linguistic and musical intelligence. Majority of respondents were in above average level in the existential intelligence. Family type was found to be significantly associated with intrapersonal intelligence. Stay of grandparents had significant impact on interpersonal, intrapersonal, and existential intelligences. Area wise significant differences were observed for linguistic, existential intelligence. Some aspects of multiple intelligence-bodily kinesthetic, musical logical, interpersonal were significantly associated with caste, family size, family type. Variables of macrosystem namely exposure to mass media, discipline by parents and cultural settings were highly significant associated with linguistic, logical, bodily kinesthetic intelligence. There existed a significant difference in the level of intelligence among the students of both the areas. It was found that good home and school environment contributed in the development of multiple intelligence among adolescents. Significant association was found between family type, family size, family income, areas, mother and father education, caste of the adolescents which means that these factors contributed in the development of intelligence. Significant differences were observed in the pre and post testing scores of knowledge of parents regarding interpersonal intelligences.ThesisItem Open Access Depression among senior citizens residing in different living arrangements(CCSHAU, 2017) Rana, Shamli; Chandrakala SinghAgeing is the natural and inevitable phenomenon. Our society is undergoing rapid changes because of irreversible phenomenon of globalization, industrialization and rapid urbanization which eventually leading us towards family disintegration. The increasing number of nuclear families led to the ignorance towards our elderly in home. Depression occurs at old age as a result of isolation and emotional insecurity. It refers to a heterogeneous set of phenomenon ranging from simple mood swings to severe affective state. The study examined the level of depression among elderly residing in different living arrangements like living with family, without family and in institutional setting for e.g. old age home etc. The study was conducted in two districts namely Hisar and Bikaner from Haryana and Rajasthan respectively. The total sample consisted of 180 respondents i.e. 90 from each district. 30 respondents were selected from each living arrangements in both the districts. The Beck Depression Inventory was used to record the responses on depression occurrence. It was found that majority of respondents were economically dependent on their children followed by pension holders. The leisure time utilization was high among elderly residing in institutions and those living with family. Very few cases of borderline depression were found during the study. The health status of majority of respondents was average. The results reveal that elderly male is more likely to suffer depression as compared to female counterparts. The results related to correlation of depression with personal and socio-economic variables revealed that the living arrangements and age are significantly and positively correlated with depression, whereas gender and education status are significantly and negatively correlated with depression from personal variables. The media exposure variable is positively correlated with depression, that is, as the economic dependency and family support system increases, it decreases the depression. The study concludes that in respondents living without family there were high incidence of low leisure time utilization and high depression as compared to those residing in institutions or living with family.ThesisItem Open Access Assessment of multiple Intelligence of school going boys(CCSHAU, 2017) Priyanka; Chhikara, SudhaA person can be most successful in a profession when the same is according to his or her abilities and interest. The different domains and disciplines valued by different cultures exert a tremendous influence over how one's intelligences develop, and to what extent they are mobilized. Focus these days is on designing educational experiences for students that demonstrate and explore how they are smart in the synergistic environment of a community of learners. The present study was accompanied with the aim of assessing the multiple intelligence levels of school going boys and to study the cultural differences in the levels. For this, 200 boys in age group of 6-8 years from rural and urban areas of Fatehabad district of Haryana state were selected. The data were collected with the help of standardized Multiple Intelligence Tool and a questionnaire for human ecological factors by Dabas, R. 2000. The results of the investigation elucidated that majority of the respondents were found to be having average levels of intelligence for all the nine components of multiple intelligence. Significant differences were observed in the mean scores of boys from urban area for linguistic, logical-mathematical, intrapersonal, naturalistic and existential intelligences whereas in rest of the intelligences i.e. Musical, Bodily Kinesthetic, Spatial, Interpersonal, no significant variations across rural and urban setting emerged. The results explained that all the aspects of multiple intelligence were significantly associated with human ecological factors of the respondents.ThesisItem Open Access Assessment of multiple intelligence of school going girls(CCSHAU, 2017) Mintu Rani; Chikkara, SudhaMultiple Intelligence (MI) refers to a learner-based philosophy that characterizes human intelligence as having multiple dimensions that must be acknowledged and developed in education. However, traditional IQ tests, while still given to most school children, are increasingly being challenged by the Multiple Intelligence movement. Present study was conducted on 200 girls in 6-8 years age group from rural (100) and urban (100) areas of district Fatehabad of Haryana State. Tools used for data collection included questionnaire cum- interview schedule and multiple intelligence tool to measure nine components of multiple intelligence both developed by Dabas (2000). Results revealed that most of the respondents from both rural and urban areas were in average level category for all the components of multiple intelligence except for bodily kinesthetic intelligence in urban area as they were in below average category. The parents of most of the respondents were not much qualified and had Rs. 10901-20,000 level of income per month and had nuclear families. Further it was observed that few variables such as father’s education and residential surroundings from microsystem are significantly associated with interpersonal, naturalistic and bodily kinesthetic respectively. Exosystem variables and variables from macrosystem were significantly associated with linguistic, bodily kinesthetic, spatial, naturalistic and existential components of intelligence. Results also revealed that teachers need trainings, guidance and counseling to adopt multiple intelligence approach for classroom teaching as they themselves are not much aware about multiple intelligence.ThesisItem Open Access Multiple intelligence among young adolescent girls(CCSHAU, 2017) Sheoran, Sumit; Chhikara, SudhaThe present study was conducted with the aim of assessing type and existing level of multiple intelligence among young adolescent girls and to delineate the human ecological factors affecting Multiple intelligence. For this, 200 respondents in the age group of 12-14 years from both rural and urban areas of Mahendergarh district of Haryana state were selected. The results elucidates rural respondents were in above average level in musical, visual spatial, naturalistic and existential intelligence while urban respondents were in visual spatial, intrapersonal and existential intelligence. Significant differences were observed for logical mathematical, bodily kinesthetic and intrapersonal intelligences on the basis of age group. In case of logical mathematical, musical, bodily kinesthetic, visual spatial, interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalistic and existential intelligences adolescent girls of government schools performed better. Adolescents from small sized families were better in linguistic, musical, bodily kinesthetic, visual spatial, interpersonal, intrapersonal and existential intelligences. Adolescents whose mothers were businesswomen were higher in linguistic, logical mathematical, musical, bodily kinesthetic, visual spatial, interpersonal, intrapersonal and existential intelligence. Similar pattern was observed for the respondents who were having average school environment and relationship with their teachers. Significant differences were found in musical, bodily kinesthetic, visual spatial, interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalistic and existential intelligence of respondents whose fathers were in service. The same pattern was followed by the respondents who were having good relationship with their peers. Adolescents from backward class were better in logical mathematical, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalistic and existential intelligences. Significant differences for linguistic intelligence, logical mathematical intelligence, bodily kinesthetic intelligence and existential intelligence were observed on the basis of family income. Cultural settings of the respondents were significantly associated with linguistic intelligence. Logical mathematical intelligence of respondents was significantly associated with family size, parental education, monthly family income and residential location. Family size, parental education, residence location, father’s occupation, relationship with the peers and cultural settings were observed to be significantly associated with interpersonal intelligence of the respondents’. Significant differences were observed in the pre and post testing of parents regarding linguistic, musical, bodily kinesthetic and naturalistic intelligences.