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ThesisItem Open Access DEVELOPMENT AND POPULARIZATION OF VALUE ADDED PRODUCTS USING SHATAVARI (ASPARAGUS RACEMOSUS) ROOT POWDER(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2019-12) PRIYANKA RANI; Varsha RaniThis study was conducted to analyse the nutritional composition of shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder (SRP); to develop products by adding shatavari root powder and their sensory and nutritional evaluation and to popularize the shatavari root powder based value added products among adolescent girls and women. In present study, blanching of shatavari roots was done at 80ºC temperature for 3 minutes to reduce bitterness and to retain the maximum amount of saponins. It was observed that blanched powder had better taste. The blanched SRP contained 11.66 and 8.02 per cent of crude fiber and ash, respectively. The content of total soluble sugar, reducing sugar and non reducing sugar in blanched SRP was 24.36, 3.46 and 20.90 per cent, respectively. The blanched SRP contained 6.08, 12.67 and 18.75 per cent of soluble, insoluble and total dietary fiber, respectively. Total calcium, iron and zinc was found to be 103.24, 26.85 and 1.96 mg/100g, respectively in blanched SRP. Laddoo, halwa, panjiri, sweet and sweet & salty biscuits, muffins with or without egg, instant halwa mix and instant muffin mix were prepared by adding 5, 10 and 15 per cent of blanched SRP while instant shatavari mix was prepared by mixing 20, 30, 40 and 60 per cent of SRP with ground sugar. All the developed products were found acceptable by the panellists and were adjudged between ‘liked moderately’ to ‘liked very much’. The contents of crude fat and crude protein were found to be decreased whereas the contents of crude fiber and ash were found to be increased in various products upon addition of SRP. The content of sugars, dietary fiber, DPPH-RSA, calcium, iron and zinc were increase and starch content was decreased in all type of products upon addition of SRP. The sensory score of stored products decrease gradually with increase in storage period, however all the products were found acceptable. The fat acidity and peroxide value increased gradually with increase in storage period however the values were found within the acceptable level. Average knowledge scores of respondents on various aspects of shatavari root powder were increased (P=0.05) significantly among the respondents after four days of training exposureThesisItem Open Access Assessment of Nutritional Status of Geriatric Population of Sirsa District, Haryana and Development of Value Added Food Products(CCSHAU, 2019) Mamta Rani; Boora, PinkyOne hundred fifty respondents were selected from 4 villages (Darbhi, Moriwala, Sikanderpur, Rasulpur) of rural block and 150 were selected from 5 colonies (Farm Colony, Khairpur, Hari vishnu Colony, MC Colony, Shah Satnam Colony) of urban block of Sirsa district, Haryana. Out of 300, 150 were female and 150 were male respondents. Intake of cereals, pulses, fats and edible oils, green leafy vegetables, roots and tubers, other vegetables and fruits by male and female respondents were (p≤0.01) lower than RDI. Mean intake of energy, protein, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, zinc, β-carotene, thiamine, niacin, folic acid, vitamin B12 and vitamin C was (p≤0.01) lower than RDA/EAR among female and male respondents. Adequacy of food stuffs and nutrients revealed that majority of male and female were taking below 50 per cent of RDI and RDA/EAR. Intake of cereals, pulses, fats and edible oils, green leafy vegetables, roots and tubers, other vegetables and fruits by respondents belonging to joint families than nuclear families and living alone . The intake of cereals, milk and milk products was found to be increased with increased income of the family. Education of respondent influences the intake of food groups. Intake of energy, protein, fats, calcium, phosphorus and iron was higher by respondents of joint families. Intake of energy, fat, calcium, iron, β-carotene, thiamine, niacin, folic acid and vitamin B12 was found to be higher in the respondents whose average family income was above Rs. 36000/month. Majority of rural and urban respondents suffered from flatulence, back ache and joint pain regularly, constipation, back, toothache and loneliness occasionally. Majority of rural and urban respondents were suffering from blood pressure, cataract, osteoarthritis, diabetes, heart disease and renal calculi. Most of respondents suffering from diseases were in the age group of 61 to 70 years. Majority of the respondent were taking medical treatment to control severity of disease. Mean BMI of total female and male significantly (p<0.01) higher than the BMI of reference women and men. Majority of the female and male respondents were under normal weight category. Most of healthy and diseased respondents were in the category of normal weight. Scores of sensory evaluation by represented that type I and type II chapatti, cheela, laapsi, kasaar, kheer, khichari, parantha and porridge and their respective control were organoleptically acceptable. Protein content increased significantly in all the developed products in comparison to their respective controls except in kheer (type I and type II) and kasaar type I. Crude fiber and ash content improved significantly in all the developed products except the crude fiber content of kheer. Due to lower intake of food stuffs, macro and micro nutrients along with prevalence of degenerative diseases highlighted the dual burden of malnutrition. The planning, implementations and promotion of low cost, preventive measures such as health, nutrition and physical education could enhance the possibility to improve health status of elderly.ThesisItem Open Access Assessment of nutritional and health status of post menopausal women of Hisar district, Haryana(CCSHAU, 2019) Sirohi, Meenu; Sangwan, VeenuThe present study was conducted to assess the nutritional and health status of post menopausal women of Hisar district, Haryana and to determine the impact of nutrition education on knowledge gain of 50 post menopausal women selected from rural and urban area of Hisar district. Nutritional status of post menopausal women was assessed from dietary survey, anthropometric measurements, clinical and biochemical assessment. Data on general, socio-economic and personal profile of post menopausal women revealed that most of the urban (56%) and rural (52%) subjects belonged to general category and 65 and 73 percent of urban and rural subjects belonged to joint families. Fifty three percent of urban subjects had income more than Rs. 30,000, while 41 percent of rural subjects had monthly income in range of Rs. 15,001-30,000.Thirty six percent of urban subjects had four and 30 percent of rural subjects had more than 5 children and most of the urban (53%) and rural (45%) subjects had breastfed their child up to 2 years. The mean daily intake of pulses, milk and milk products, green leafy vegetables, other vegetables, roots and tubers and fruits by post menopausal women was found to be lower than SDI while the intake of cereals, sugar and jaggery and fats and oils was significantly higher than SDI. The intake of nutrients like energy, protein, fat, phosphorus and sodium were significantly higher, intake of calcium, iron, β-carotene, potassium and were significantly lower than RDA while intake of thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, zinc was found atpar. A significant difference was found in mean waist circumference, waist to height ratio and fat mass among urban and rural subjects. Clinical examination revealed lack of hair lustre, pale conjunctiva, angular scars, dental caries, spongy and bleeding gums, thyroid problem, dry and rough skin and thinning of nails among 35, 9, 2, 49, 7, 4.0, 34 and 15 per cent of urban and 48, 10,4, 55, 11,5, 27 and 22 percent of rural post menopausal women, respectively. It was observed that majority of urban (35.48 and 12.90%) and rural (26.31 and 31.57%) subjects had high fasting and postprandial blood glucose level, respectively. It was found that 67.74 percent of urban and 31.57 percent of rural subjects had high blood pressure. On the basis of blood lipid profile it was observed that 3.22 percent urban subjects had high total cholesterol and high VLDLC while 6.45 percent each had low HDL-C, high LDL-C and high triglyceride. It was observed that the blood lipid profile of rural subjects was observed to be normal. Most of the urban (57, 46 and 41%) and rural (61, 39 and 32%) subjects had knees pain, poor memory and hot flushes and night sweats, respectively. It was found that after imparting nutrition education a significant (p<0.01) gain in knowledge score was obtained among selected subjects. So to improve the nutritional and health status and quality of life of post menopausal women, there is great need to provide nutrition education to them.ThesisItem Open Access Assessment of Nutritional Status of Pregnant Women With Special Reference to Anaemia and Obesity in District Hisar ( Haryana)(CCSHAU, 2016) Sethi, Divya; Dahiya, SarojThe present study was conducted in Hisar district of Haryana state to assess the nutritional status of pregnant women and impart nutrition education to the selected pregnant women. A total of 250 subjects having pregnancy of third trimester selected randomly from different hospitals of district Hisar. Respondents from both govt. and private hospitals selected so as to draw a sample of both urban and rural women.Nutritional status of pregnant women was assessed in terms of dietary assessment, anthropometric measurement (height, weight and skin fold thickness) and clinical assessment of signs and symptoms of various nutrient deficiency diseases. Dietary assessment was done by 24 hour dietary recall method for three consecutive days of 100 respondents. The results of the study revealed that consumption of all food stuffs like cereals, pulses etc were lower in the diets of pregnant women. Nutrients like energy, fat, β- carotene, B-complex vitamins, Vitamin C, Iron and Calcium were found limiting in the diets of pregnant women. It was found that caste, family size, income, working status and education of respondents and husband‘s education had significant (P<0.05) effect on food intake of selected pregnant women. Effect of caste, family size,family type, income, respondent‘s occupation and education, husband‘s occupation and education were found to be significant (P<0.05) on nutrient intake of the pregnant women. Result indicated that out of 250 pregnant women 79.2 per cent pregnant women were anaemic while 20.8 per cent were non anaemic. Effect of type of family and income were significant (P < 0.05) on prevalence of anaemia. Majority 47.2% women were overweight, 25.2 percent obese, 22.8 percent normal weight and 4.8 percent underweight.Nutrition education was imparted to 50 selected pregnant women. It was found that majority of the responents had inadequate knowledge regarding nutrition before imparting nutrition education. After imparting nutritional education there was significant (P<0.01) improvement in knowledge of pregnant women in all the characteristics.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of cooking on antioxidant activity in commonly consumed foods(CCSHAU, 2018) Vinita; Punia, DarshanThe present investigation was conducted to evaluate the antioxidant activity of commonly consumed foods and effect of cooking on their antioxidant activity. The results of the study indicated that the total phenolics and flavonoids of cereals ranged from 30.07 to 116.66 GAE mg/100g and 17.74 to 88.88 mg RE/100g, respectively. Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and DPPH radical scavenging activity ranged from 161.59 to 760.42 mg TE/100g and 23.11 to 81.29 mg TE/100g, respectively. Boiling and pressure cooking brought about significant (p≤ 0.05) decrease in antioxidant activity of cereals except maize. Total phenolics and flavonoids of pulses ranged from 33.09 to 99.57 GAE mg/100g and 21.16 to 65.73 mg RE/100g, respectively. Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and DPPH radical scavenging activity ranged from 97.20 to 394.83 mg TE/100g and 21.08 to 107.14 mg TE/100g, respectively. Among pulses studied kidney bean had highest antioxidant activity. Antioxidant activity of most of the pulses was decreased upon boiling and pressure cooking. Total phenolics and flavonoids of green leafy vegetables ranged from 39.90 to 733.09 GAE mg/100g and 26.09 to 238.42 mg RE/100g, respectively. Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and DPPH radical scavenging activity ranged from 131.03 to 2053.75 mg TE/100g and 10.89 to 143.68 mg TE/100g, respectively. Among green leafy vegetables mint had highest antioxidant activity. Boiling and pressure cooking caused both positive and negative effect on antioxidant activity of green leafy vegetables. Total phenolics and flavonoids of other vegetables ranged from 13.53 to 50.92 GAE mg/100g and 0.94 to 37.17 mg RE/100g, respectively. Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and DPPH radical scavenging activity ranged from 53.23 to 190.96 mg TE/100g and 6.65 to 50.72 mg TE/100g, respectively. Boiling and pressure cooking caused both positive and negative effect on antioxidant activity of other vegetables. Total phenolics and flavonoids of roots and tubers ranged from 14.21 to 89.74 GAE mg/100g and 0.95 to 81.94 mg RE/100g, respectively. Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and DPPH radical scavenging activity ranged from 36.43 to 659.38 mg TE/100g and -42.67 to 33.15 mg TE/100g, respectively. Boiling and pressure cooking caused both positive and negative effect on antioxidant activity of roots and tubers. Out of the fruits analysed for antioxidant capacity, it was found that aonla had highest total phenolics (1654 mg GAE,100g), total flavonoids (512.49 mg RE/100g), ferric reducing antioxidant power (23055 mg TE/100g) and radical scavenging activity (6322.36 mg RE/100g) and Vitamin C (400.77 mg/100g). β- Carotene content was highest in mango (2210.99 μg/100g). Vitamin C and β- Carotene content of green leafy vegetables ranged from 39.46 to 148.07 mg/100g and 2053.33 to 4625.33 μg/100g, respectively.ThesisItem Open Access Development of Probiotic Fermented Indigenous Food Blends: Their Nutrient Composition and Therapeutic Use(I.C College Of Home Science Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University Hisar, 1999) Chahal, Sangeeta; Khetarpaul, NeelamThesisItem Open Access Management of noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus by using traditional medicinal plant products(College of Basic Sciences and Humanities Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University Hisar, 1997) Kala, Shashi; Sehgal, SalilThesisItem Open Access Development and nutritional evaluation of fruit- vegetable-pulses mixture for children(College of Agriculture Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University Hisar, 1999) Panwar, Bharti; Sehgal, SalilThesisItem Open Access White button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) : Its nutritive value, economic feasibility, processing suitability and its utilisation(College of Agriculture Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University Hisar, 1999) Sharma, Monica; Sehgal, Salil;