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Subject: Family Resource Management × Start date: 2022 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Development of utility software for cost estimation of building a house
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2023-05) Swati; Kiran Singh
    Undertaking a construction project can be an immense and intricate process, often leaving individuals feeling overwhelmed by its complexity. In an effort to simplify matters for them, a research study was designed with two objectives: to assess the potential challenges involved in building a house and to develop user-friendly utility software for estimating the costs of house construction. This study was conducted in the districts of Karnal and Hisar. A sample of 60 respondents was selected from individuals who were planning to start construction of new house, with 30 respondents from each district. The analysis was made for the potential challenges faced by these individuals during the house construction process. To address these challenges, a software application was created using the "Java" programming language. The development of this software involved conducting comprehensive market and internet surveys and seeking feedback from experts in the field. The final result was an application that was easy to use and navigate. Data for the study were collected using a pre-tested structured interview schedule. The researchers drew inferences from the collected data based on frequency, percentage, and weighted mean scores. The feedback received from the respondents indicated the usefulness of the software in assisting them with cost estimation. The research suggested development of similar applications for the public as well as general masses and recommended efforts to be made for making this software widely available in the market to facilitate ease and convenience for users.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Study on green consumerism towards sustainable development
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2022-12) Santosh Kumari; Dua, Kavita
    Green consumer is environmentally and socially conscious and very concerned about the environment and, therefore, only purchases products that are environmentally-friendly or eco-friendly. The present study was conducted in two districts of Haryana state i.e. Hisar and Bhiwani. Two blocks from each district were randomly selected. Further, 75 respondents from each village was selected randomly. Thus, total 4 villages were selected to conduct the study thus making total sample size of 300 respondents for objective 1. For objectives 3twenty five respondents having low pre-exposure knowledge and also who were willing to attend the trainings were purposively selected from each village. Thus, total respondents were 100 (25 from each village). Knowledge was imparted to 100 respondents by imparting trainings through lecture-cum-demonstration and through multimedia (booklet, leaflet, poster and videos) prepared by the researcher. After a period of one month, impact of trainings on these 100 respondents was assessed in terms of gain in knowledge. A well structured and pretested interview schedule was developed according to the objectives of the study. It was found that majority of respondents regarding socio economic status showed that 43.0% of respondents belong from upper middle class. Maximum of respondents (44.7.3%) had medium family education status. This shows that more than half (51.2%) of the respondents had overall low knowledge and awareness at pre-exposure stage. Majority of respondents did not follow the eco friendly practices while purchase products at pre exposure stage. The results show that highly significant gain in knowledge was observed in all the respondents regarding all aspects of green consumerism at post exposure stage and highly gain in knowledge was found in awareness about ordinary products responsible for environmental degradation (9.76) and eco friendly home appliances (12.82). Positive correlation was found in all independent variables at 1% level of significant with gain in knowledge.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Assessment and refinement of sickle for skill enhancement of women farmers
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2023-06) Godara, Gargi; Chahal, Promila Krishna
    Women farmer were studied regarding their personal profile, work participation in agriculture activities. Further physical, physiological, biomechanical, psycho-physiological parameters of women famers were studied in different agriculture activities by using traditional sickle i.e.aari drati and sidhi drati. Result of the study revealed that majority of the respondents were in 35-45 yrs of age group (51.00%), were illiterate(39.00%), and cent percent were (100.00%) married, regarding occupation farming was the main family occupation among 65.00 percent, followed by respondent family education status was low (52.00 percent) among and58.00% family belonged to nuclear family, Most of them had less than 2.5 acre of land (53.00%)and were earning between Rs.60,000-4,20,000 annually (71.00%).Time spending was found5to8 hours per day in agriculture field (69.00%) and were found to be using sickle1 (Aari drati) 81.00% for agriculture work. Regarding physical parameters, the women farmers had an average age of x̅=35.6±4.11 yrs., body weight of x̅=58.60±5.80 kg, height of x̅=157.376.81cm, BMI of x̅=23.74±2.06 kg/m2and mean articular pressure of x̅=95.08±6.36. Physiological parameters showed that heart rate (2.63), oxygen consumption (2.06), and energy expenditure (1.31) increased significantly during work compared to rest, x̅=78.83±11.00 (b/min), x̅=1.45±0.13 (1/min), respectively. For Biomechanical parameters, the angle of back was increased during harvesting of mustard, wheat, and fodder crops, resulting in a maximum forwarded deviation of 17.1%, 42.35% and 31.20%, respectively. The mean grip strength of women farmers was observed in mustard harvesting was to be, the grip strength decreased by 14 percent and 18.54% to right and left hand, respectively. For wheat, the grip strength decreased by 13.69 percent and in fodder cutting, the grip strength was reduced by 12.95 percent. Psycho-Physiological parameters, the mean scores of musculoskeletal problems reported by women farmers during agriculture activities showed major problems in the elbows and lower back, upper arm and upper leg/thigh, and shoulder joint and lower back. The mean score of perceived exertion was x̅=2.7±.72 and x̅=4.3±.70 in sickle1 and sickle2. The drudgery index score revealed that harvesting of wheat was the maximum drudgery prone activity. Women farmers experienced skin rashes/irritation, scrapping of skin, callus, and blisters with both sickles. The SWOT analysis indicated that the sickle1 had potential to be a valuable tool, if ergonomically designed to suit women farmers’ physical characteristics. As per studied sickle were not found as per recommendation dimension. So, dimension of modified sickle were estimated based on anthropometry of women, women perspective and recommendation of BIS (1968), Nag et al. (1988) sickles designed for women. Dimensions decided for the modified sickle were base plate (12±2mm), blade width (26±2mm), blade thickness (3.5mm), outer length of blade (390mm), sickle length (310mm), max. handle length (106mm), max. handle diameter (32mm), length of ferrule (>20mm), chord length (230mm), sickle weight (180g), pitch (2mm), cutting surface (350mm), radius of curvature (122mm) and CS-CL ratio (1:5).
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Financial Literacy: Determinants and Implications in Financial Well-Being of Elderly
    (Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University hisar, 2022-07) Kavita Rani; Kiran Singh
    In recent years, financial literacy has become a major area of concern in India. People at large lack basic knowledge about financial matters concerned with day-to-day money management and saving for long term. Keeping in mind concern for elderly, the present study was conducted in two phases. The study was conducted in three districts i.e. Hisar, Fatehabad and Karnal of Haryana state. Further, five localities from each district were selected randomly and equal number of elderly people (150 from each district) in the age group of above 55 years of age, thus comprising of 450 elderly for Phase I. Out of 450 elderly, 140 were found to have low level of financial literacy and subjected further for financial education in Phase-II. Results revealed that majority of (61.33%) were having 55-65 years of age, were male (72.00%), graduated (37.11%), retired (56.44%) and had monthly income between 20,000-50,000. Living arrangement mostly (34.67%) was with spouse and family. All had saving accounts and even two third of them had 3-4 saving accounts. Google pay was found to be more in usage (46.00%) and majority (44.89%) availed Senior Citizen Saving Scheme. The male respondents (68.83%) had medium level of financial literacy in comparison to female respondents (22.22%). Financial literacy showed highly significant association with age, education, occupation, monthly income, assets and liabilities (p<0.01). Mostly male respondents (73.46%) had medium level of financial well-being on the contrary female respondents (38.89%). Majority of the respondent‟s primary short-term goal was paying for the property tax (MS 1.91) and in long-term goal was large estate for children (MS 1.70). The study further unveils that more number of the elderly had medium level of financial stress and prefer to discuss and take money from family as a adaptive coping strategies to relieve stress (MS 2.46). Highly significant difference was seen in financial literacy in male and female respondents in all the districts. The results found that highly significant association of financial stress with age, family type, family size, and occupation (p<0.01). Living arrangement were found to be highly significant associated with financial literacy (χ2=20.17**), financial well-being (χ2=23.46**) and financial stress (χ2=25.55**). Correlation of financial literacy with financial well-being was found to be positively significant. Financial stress showed high negative significant correlation with financial literacy and financial well-being in elderly from all districts. In Hisar district female respondents (Z=4.37**) found that maximum gain in knowledge in comparison to male respondents (Z=2.22*) after media mix approach.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Fish diversity, their morphometric measurements, length weight relationship and physciochemical characteristics in drains of Rohtak district, Haryana
    (Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University hisar, 2022-07) Parul; Gulati, Rachna
    During the study, forty-five species from Rohtak drain canal were recorded belonging to 9 orders, 14 families and 30 genera. Fish species belonged to order Cypriniformes, Osteoglossiformes, Anabantiformes, Perciformes, Cichliformes, Siluriformes, Synbranchiformes and molluscs belonged to order Architaenioglossa, Helisomascalaris. The percent distribution of fish species in different orders showed that maximum species (51%) belonged to Cypriniformes followed by Siluriformes (18%), Anabantiformes (11%). Osteoglossiform, Perciformes contributed 5 percent species and Synbranchiformes contributed 4 percent species. The rest of the orders, viz., Cichliformes, Architaenioglossa and Helisomascalaris were represented by 2 percent species each out of the total 45 species recorded during study period. The fish species composition as per IUCN status showed majority species belonged to least concern (35 species, 80%), 4 species (9%) as vulnerable, 2 species (5%) as near threatened, 1species (2%) as endangered, 1 species (2%) not evaluated and 1species (2%) data deficient. As per economic importance, 67 percent fishes have food value, 24 percent ornamental value and 9 percent fishes having both food and Ornamental value. Out of the total species recorded, 49 percent of the fish species each were omnivorous followed by 35 carnivorous and 9 percent herbivorous and 7% detritivorous fishes. The fishes of Cyprinidae, Channidae, Ambasidae, Bagridae, Siluridae and Ampulariidae family showed 100 percent catch frequency. The dominance of fish species was higher in month of November (0.4835). Highest Shannon index (1.198) was recorded in the month of April and least in November (0.7907). Length-length relationships for L. bata, C. mrigala, P. chola, M. vittatus, W. attu were highly significant and positive with the most of the coefficient determination value being greater than 0.90. The parameter “b” was less than 1 in all the length-length relationships and remained within the range of 0.113 to 0.954.In the present study, linear regression was highly significant for all species with R2values ranging from 0.581 (Labeo bata ) to 0.937 (Mystus vittatus). The estimated allometric coefficient a of the LWR ranged from 0.001 in Labeo bata to 0.376 in Mystus vittatus, while b ranged from 0.416 (Puntius chola) to 2.614 (Wallago attu). A curvilinear relationship was observed between total length and total weight. The results revealed negative allometric growth pattern for selected five fish species (b>3, p<0.05) and belonged to light group. The values of Fulton‟s condition factor were found more than one for Cirrhinus mirgala (1.008) and Puntius chola (36.096) which indicated good growth performance of these species. The Fulton‟s condition factor for Labeo bata was near to 1 (0.917) in the present study. A significant positive correlation was recorded between EC (0.65), turbidity (0.85), Dissolved oxygen (0.87), alkalinity (0.73) and number of fish per catch. Significant inverse relationship between Ammonia (-0.80), Hardness (-0.81) and the fish catch was recorded. The phytoplankton diversity with their abundance in drain canal water showed the presence of 27 genera belonging to three classes: Chlorophyceae, Bacillariophyceae (Diatoms) and Cynophyceae. Out of these,12 was of common abundance, 8 were of moderate abundance, 7 were of rare abundance. 10 zooplanktons species were recorded. Except Daphnia magna, Dhaphnia sp. and Chilodonella sp. (moderate abundance), the rest of the genera showed rare abundance.