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Subject: Family Resource Management × End date: 2023 × Start date: 2023 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Development of utility software for cost estimation of building a house
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2023-05) Swati; Kiran Singh
    Undertaking a construction project can be an immense and intricate process, often leaving individuals feeling overwhelmed by its complexity. In an effort to simplify matters for them, a research study was designed with two objectives: to assess the potential challenges involved in building a house and to develop user-friendly utility software for estimating the costs of house construction. This study was conducted in the districts of Karnal and Hisar. A sample of 60 respondents was selected from individuals who were planning to start construction of new house, with 30 respondents from each district. The analysis was made for the potential challenges faced by these individuals during the house construction process. To address these challenges, a software application was created using the "Java" programming language. The development of this software involved conducting comprehensive market and internet surveys and seeking feedback from experts in the field. The final result was an application that was easy to use and navigate. Data for the study were collected using a pre-tested structured interview schedule. The researchers drew inferences from the collected data based on frequency, percentage, and weighted mean scores. The feedback received from the respondents indicated the usefulness of the software in assisting them with cost estimation. The research suggested development of similar applications for the public as well as general masses and recommended efforts to be made for making this software widely available in the market to facilitate ease and convenience for users.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Assessment and refinement of sickle for skill enhancement of women farmers
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2023-06) Godara, Gargi; Chahal, Promila Krishna
    Women farmer were studied regarding their personal profile, work participation in agriculture activities. Further physical, physiological, biomechanical, psycho-physiological parameters of women famers were studied in different agriculture activities by using traditional sickle i.e.aari drati and sidhi drati. Result of the study revealed that majority of the respondents were in 35-45 yrs of age group (51.00%), were illiterate(39.00%), and cent percent were (100.00%) married, regarding occupation farming was the main family occupation among 65.00 percent, followed by respondent family education status was low (52.00 percent) among and58.00% family belonged to nuclear family, Most of them had less than 2.5 acre of land (53.00%)and were earning between Rs.60,000-4,20,000 annually (71.00%).Time spending was found5to8 hours per day in agriculture field (69.00%) and were found to be using sickle1 (Aari drati) 81.00% for agriculture work. Regarding physical parameters, the women farmers had an average age of x̅=35.6±4.11 yrs., body weight of x̅=58.60±5.80 kg, height of x̅=157.376.81cm, BMI of x̅=23.74±2.06 kg/m2and mean articular pressure of x̅=95.08±6.36. Physiological parameters showed that heart rate (2.63), oxygen consumption (2.06), and energy expenditure (1.31) increased significantly during work compared to rest, x̅=78.83±11.00 (b/min), x̅=1.45±0.13 (1/min), respectively. For Biomechanical parameters, the angle of back was increased during harvesting of mustard, wheat, and fodder crops, resulting in a maximum forwarded deviation of 17.1%, 42.35% and 31.20%, respectively. The mean grip strength of women farmers was observed in mustard harvesting was to be, the grip strength decreased by 14 percent and 18.54% to right and left hand, respectively. For wheat, the grip strength decreased by 13.69 percent and in fodder cutting, the grip strength was reduced by 12.95 percent. Psycho-Physiological parameters, the mean scores of musculoskeletal problems reported by women farmers during agriculture activities showed major problems in the elbows and lower back, upper arm and upper leg/thigh, and shoulder joint and lower back. The mean score of perceived exertion was x̅=2.7±.72 and x̅=4.3±.70 in sickle1 and sickle2. The drudgery index score revealed that harvesting of wheat was the maximum drudgery prone activity. Women farmers experienced skin rashes/irritation, scrapping of skin, callus, and blisters with both sickles. The SWOT analysis indicated that the sickle1 had potential to be a valuable tool, if ergonomically designed to suit women farmers’ physical characteristics. As per studied sickle were not found as per recommendation dimension. So, dimension of modified sickle were estimated based on anthropometry of women, women perspective and recommendation of BIS (1968), Nag et al. (1988) sickles designed for women. Dimensions decided for the modified sickle were base plate (12±2mm), blade width (26±2mm), blade thickness (3.5mm), outer length of blade (390mm), sickle length (310mm), max. handle length (106mm), max. handle diameter (32mm), length of ferrule (>20mm), chord length (230mm), sickle weight (180g), pitch (2mm), cutting surface (350mm), radius of curvature (122mm) and CS-CL ratio (1:5).