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Subject: Veterinary Surgery and Radiology × Author: Mahanta, Bindiya × End date: 2023 × Start date: 2020 × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Ultrasound guided epidural analgesia for perioperative pain management in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy operation
    (College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara Campus, 2022) Mahanta, Bindiya; Nath, Parsha Jyoti
    The current study aimed at assessing the efficacy of Morphine and Buprenorphine as perioperative analgesics administered epidurally via a US guided lumbosacral approach in bitches undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy. Eighteen healthy female Pariah dogs of 1-4 years of age were selected that presented to the Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology and Veterinary Clinical Complex, College of Veterinary Science, Khanapara, Guwahati. The animals were randomly divided into 3 groups viz. Group A, Group B, Group C with 6 animals in each group. The animals of Group A and Group B were administered Morphine @ 0.1mg/kg b.wt and Buprenorphine @4μg /kg b.wt single dose epidurally under ultrasonographic guidance before the start of the operation. The animals of Group C were kept as control for the study without any analgesic till the end of observation period. Ultrasonographic visualization of epidural space was done by using the ultrasound probe in sagittal position. The lumbosacral intervertebral space could be accurately identified using ultrasonography. Successful deposition of analgesic into the epidural space was possible in animals of different body conditions. The physiological parameters were recorded at 0min, 15mins, 30mins, 45mins, 60mins, 75mins, 90mins and 120mins post epidural administration. The heart rate, respiration rate, rectal temperature and mean arterial pressure had significant variation (p<0.01) between the groups whereas oxygen concentration expressed significant variation between time intervals. All physiological parameters were found to be within physiological reference range in the study. The assessment of pain was done by using Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale- Short Form (CMPS-SF). The pain assessment was done preoperatively and postoperatively at 0 min, 1 hour, 3 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours and 24 hours. The CMPS-SF scores showed a significant (p<0.01) increase from baseline scores in the post operative period in all the groups at 3 hours postoperatively which gradually declined towards the end of the observation period. The animals in treatment groups had significantly lower pain scores postoperatively than the animals in the control group. The haematological and biochemical parameters were studied preoperatively and postoperatively at 0 min, 3 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours and 24 hours. Haemoglobin and packed cell volume varied non-significantly between different groups but changed significantly between time intervals. Total erythrocyte count increased significantly 12 hours post-operatively. Blood glucose and plasma cortisol concentration varied significantly (p<0.01) at 3 hours post operatively in all groups. The blood glucose levels of Group A and Group B were lower compared to Group C. The cortisol levels of Group B and Group C were comparable in the initial post-operative phase which declined gradually towards the end. The blood glucose levels expressed an increasing trend while the cortisol levels presented a decreasing trend towards the end of the study period in Group C. Alkaline Phosphatase levels expressed non-significant variation in the observation period in all groups. From the study it could be concluded that, ultrasonographic detection aided in identification of lumbosacral epidural space and deposition of analgesics which helped produce long lasting analgesia with Morphine providing better analgesia in the initial post-operative phase, which was comparable to buprenorphine for providing long lasting analgesia.