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ThesisItem Open Access GENETIC STUDIES ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF CROSSBRED PIGS(College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, 2022-01) Rongpi, Racy; Ferdoci, A. M.The present study was carried out in 1025 piglets belonging to two genetic groups viz. Hampshire crossbred and crossbred of Tamworth and Desi (TND) pigs that were being bred and maintained at the Regional Pig Breeding Farm, Kyrdemkulai, Meghalaya. Performance records of 379 and 646 piglets born to 136 gilts/dams and 25 sires belonging to the two genetic groups during the year 2016-2019 were studied with a view to assess the genetic and phenotypic parameters of growth traits viz. body weights at different ages and daily body weight gains during pre-weaning and post-weaning periods. The overall least-squares means for body weight(kg) at birth, 4th week, 8th week, 12th week, 16th week, 20th week and 24th week of age were found to be 1.247±0.007, 5.615±0.013, 11.302±0.032, 17.246±0.029, 23.349±0.053, 30.584±0.064 and 38.528±0.057 respectively. The overall least The overall least The overall leastThe overall least The overall least The overall least The overall leastThe overall least -squares means (LSM) for daily body weight squares means (LSM) for daily body weight squares means (LSM) for daily body weight squares means (LSM) for daily body weight squares means (LSM) for daily body weight squares means (LSM) for daily body weight squares means (LSM) for daily body weight squares means (LSM) for daily body weight squares means (LSM) for daily body weight squares means (LSM) for daily body weight squares means (LSM) for daily body weight squares means (LSM) for daily body weight squares means (LSM) for daily body weight squares means (LSM) for daily body weight gain dur gain dur gain dur ing the period from birth to 8 ing the period from birth to 8 ing the period from birth to 8 ing the period from birth to 8 ing the period from birth to 8 ing the period from birth to 8 ing the period from birth to 8 ing the period from birth to 8 ing the period from birth to 8th week, 8 week, 8week, 8 week, 8th to 24 to 24 th week and birth to 24 week and birth to 24week and birth to 24 week and birth to 24week and birth to 24 week and birth to 24 week and birth to 24 week and birth to 24 th week of week of week of week of week of growth period were found to be 179.532±0.528, 243.0.20±0.462 and 221.866±0.335 growth period were found to be 179.532±0.528, 243.0.20±0.462 and 221.866±0.335 growth period were found to be 179.532±0.528, 243.0.20±0.462 and 221.866±0.335 growth period were found to be 179.532±0.528, 243.0.20±0.462 and 221.866±0.335 growth period were found to be 179.532±0.528, 243.0.20±0.462 and 221.866±0.335 growth period were found to be 179.532±0.528, 243.0.20±0.462 and 221.866±0.335 growth period were found to be 179.532±0.528, 243.0.20±0.462 and 221.866±0.335 growth period were found to be 179.532±0.528, 243.0.20±0.462 and 221.866±0.335 growth period were found to be 179.532±0.528, 243.0.20±0.462 and 221.866±0.335 growth period were found to be 179.532±0.528, 243.0.20±0.462 and 221.866±0.335 growth period were found to be 179.532±0.528, 243.0.20±0.462 and 221.866±0.335 growth period were found to be 179.532±0.528, 243.0.20±0.462 and 221.866±0.335 growth period were found to be 179.532±0.528, 243.0.20±0.462 and 221.866±0.335 growth period were found to be 179.532±0.528, 243.0.20±0.462 and 221.866±0.335 growth period were found to be 179.532±0.528, 243.0.20±0.462 and 221.866±0.335 growth period were found to be 179.532±0.528, 243.0.20±0.462 and 221.866±0.335 growth period were found to be 179.532±0.528, 243.0.20±0.462 and 221.866±0.335 growth period were found to be 179.532±0.528, 243.0.20±0.462 and 221.866±0.335 growth period were found to be 179.532±0.528, 243.0.20±0.462 and 221.866±0.335 growth period were found to be 179.532±0.528, 243.0.20±0.462 and 221.866±0.335 respectively. respectively. respectively.respectively. respectively. respectively. respectively. The least The leastThe least The least -sq uares analysis of variance showed highly significant effect geneti uares analysis of variance showed highly significant effect genetiuares analysis of variance showed highly significant effect genetiuares analysis of variance showed highly significant effect geneti uares analysis of variance showed highly significant effect genetiuares analysis of variance showed highly significant effect geneti uares analysis of variance showed highly significant effect geneti uares analysis of variance showed highly significant effect geneti uares analysis of variance showed highly significant effect geneti uares analysis of variance showed highly significant effect geneti uares analysis of variance showed highly significant effect geneti uares analysis of variance showed highly significant effect geneti uares analysis of variance showed highly significant effect genetiuares analysis of variance showed highly significant effect genetiuares analysis of variance showed highly significant effect geneti uares analysis of variance showed highly significant effect geneti uares analysis of variance showed highly significant effect geneti uares analysis of variance showed highly significant effect geneti uares analysis of variance showed highly significant effect geneti uares analysis of variance showed highly significant effect geneti uares analysis of variance showed highly significant effect genetiuares analysis of variance showed highly significant effect geneti uares analysis of variance showed highly significant effect genetiuares analysis of variance showed highly significant effect genetiuares analysis of variance showed highly significant effect geneti uares analysis of variance showed highly significant effect genetiuares analysis of variance showed highly significant effect geneti uares analysis of variance showed highly significant effect geneti uares analysis of variance showed highly significant effect geneti uares analysis of variance showed highly significant effect geneti uares analysis of variance showed highly significant effect geneti c group on body weight at all ages except 12 group on body weight at all ages except 12group on body weight at all ages except 12 group on body weight at all ages except 12 group on body weight at all ages except 12 group on body weight at all ages except 12 group on body weight at all ages except 12group on body weight at all ages except 12group on body weight at all ages except 12 group on body weight at all ages except 12group on body weight at all ages except 12 group on body weight at all ages except 12group on body weight at all ages except 12group on body weight at all ages except 12 group on body weight at all ages except 12 group on body weight at all ages except 12group on body weight at all ages except 12 group on body weight at all ages except 12group on body weight at all ages except 12 group on body weight at all ages except 12group on body weight at all ages except 12 group on body weight at all ages except 12 th and 16and 16 and 16 th week of age. Significantly higher week of age. Significantly higher week of age. Significantly higher week of age. Significantly higher week of age. Significantly higher week of age. Significantly higher week of age. Significantly higher week of age. Significantly higher week of age. Significantly higher week of age. Significantly higher week of age. Significantly higher week of age. Significantly higher week of age. Significantly higher week of age. Significantly higher week of age. Significantly higher body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of body weight was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The least squares analysis of variance f variance f variance f variance fvariance fvariance for effect of genetic group on daily body weight gain showed highly sior effect of genetic group on daily body weight gain showed highly si or effect of genetic group on daily body weight gain showed highly sior effect of genetic group on daily body weight gain showed highly sior effect of genetic group on daily body weight gain showed highly sior effect of genetic group on daily body weight gain showed highly sior effect of genetic group on daily body weight gain showed highly sior effect of genetic group on daily body weight gain showed highly si or effect of genetic group on daily body weight gain showed highly si or effect of genetic group on daily body weight gain showed highly sior effect of genetic group on daily body weight gain showed highly si or effect of genetic group on daily body weight gain showed highly sior effect of genetic group on daily body weight gain showed highly sior effect of genetic group on daily body weight gain showed highly si or effect of genetic group on daily body weight gain showed highly sior effect of genetic group on daily body weight gain showed highly sior effect of genetic group on daily body weight gain showed highly si or effect of genetic group on daily body weight gain showed highly sior effect of genetic group on daily body weight gain showed highly si or effect of genetic group on daily body weight gain showed highly sior effect of genetic group on daily body weight gain showed highly si or effect of genetic group on daily body weight gain showed highly si or effect of genetic group on daily body weight gain showed highly si or effect of genetic group on daily body weight gain showed highly si or effect of genetic group on daily body weight gain showed highly si or effect of genetic group on daily body weight gain showed highly si or effect of genetic group on daily body weight gain showed highly sior effect of genetic group on daily body weight gain showed highly si or effect of genetic group on daily body weight gain showed highly si or effect of genetic group on daily body weight gain showed highly si or effect of genetic group on daily body weight gain showed highly sior effect of genetic group on daily body weight gain showed highly si or effect of genetic group on daily body weight gain showed highly si or effect of genetic group on daily body weight gain showed highly si or effect of genetic group on daily body weight gain showed highly si gnificant gnificant gnificant difference between 8 difference between 8 difference between 8difference between 8difference between 8 difference between 8difference between 8difference between 8 difference between 8 difference between 8difference between 8 difference between 8th to 16 to 16 th week and birth to 24 week and birth to 24week and birth to 24 week and birth to 24week and birth to 24 week and birth to 24 week and birth to 24 week and birth to 24 th week of growth period. Significantly week of growth period. Significantly week of growth period. Significantly week of growth period. Significantly week of growth period. Significantly week of growth period. Significantly week of growth period. Significantly week of growth period. Significantly week of growth period. Significantly week of growth period. Significantly week of growth period. Significantly week of growth period. Significantly week of growth period. Significantly week of growth period. Significantly week of growth period. Significantly week of growth period. Significantly higher daily body weight gain was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. higher daily body weight gain was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. higher daily body weight gain was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. higher daily body weight gain was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. higher daily body weight gain was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. higher daily body weight gain was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. higher daily body weight gain was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. higher daily body weight gain was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. higher daily body weight gain was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs.higher daily body weight gain was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs.higher daily body weight gain was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. higher daily body weight gain was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. higher daily body weight gain was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. higher daily body weight gain was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. higher daily body weight gain was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. higher daily body weight gain was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs.higher daily body weight gain was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. higher daily body weight gain was observed in Hampshire crossbred pigs. The effect of The effect ofThe effect ofThe effect ofThe effect of The effect ofThe effect of The effect of sex was found to be significant at all stages of growth in respect osex was found to be significant at all stages of growth in respect osex was found to be significant at all stages of growth in respect o sex was found to be significant at all stages of growth in respect o sex was found to be significant at all stages of growth in respect o sex was found to be significant at all stages of growth in respect o sex was found to be significant at all stages of growth in respect o sex was found to be significant at all stages of growth in respect o sex was found to be significant at all stages of growth in respect o sex was found to be significant at all stages of growth in respect osex was found to be significant at all stages of growth in respect o sex was found to be significant at all stages of growth in respect o sex was found to be significant at all stages of growth in respect osex was found to be significant at all stages of growth in respect o sex was found to be significant at all stages of growth in respect osex was found to be significant at all stages of growth in respect o sex was found to be significant at all stages of growth in respect osex was found to be significant at all stages of growth in respect o sex was found to be significant at all stages of growth in respect osex was found to be significant at all stages of growth in respect o sex was found to be significant at all stages of growth in respect o sex was found to be significant at all stages of growth in respect o sex was found to be significant at all stages of growth in respect o sex was found to be significant at all stages of growth in respect o sex was found to be significant at all stages of growth in respect o sex was found to be significant at all stages of growth in respect o sex was found to be significant at all stages of growth in respect osex was found to be significant at all stages of growth in respect o sex was found to be significant at all stages of growth in respect osex was found to be significant at all stages of growth in respect o sex was found to be significant at all stages of growth in respect body weight and daily gains. body weight and daily gains. body weight and daily gains. body weight and daily gains. body weight and daily gains. body weight and daily gains. body weight and daily gains. body weight and daily gains. body weight and daily gains. body weight and daily gains. The least squares analysis of variance showed non The least squares analysis of variance showed nonThe least squares analysis of variance showed non The least squares analysis of variance showed non The least squares analysis of variance showed nonThe least squares analysis of variance showed non The least squares analysis of variance showed nonThe least squares analysis of variance showed nonThe least squares analysis of variance showed non The least squares analysis of variance showed nonThe least squares analysis of variance showed nonThe least squares analysis of variance showed nonThe least squares analysis of variance showed non The least squares analysis of variance showed non The least squares analysis of variance showed non The least squares analysis of variance showed non The least squares analysis of variance showed non The least squares analysis of variance showed non The least squares analysis of variance showed nonThe least squares analysis of variance showed nonThe least squares analysis of variance showed non The least squares analysis of variance showed nonThe least squares analysis of variance showed non The least squares analysis of variance showed non The least squares analysis of variance showed non-significant effect of season on significant effect of season on significant effect of season on significant effect of season on significant effect of season on significant effect of season on significant effect of season on significant effect of season on significant effect of season on significant effect of season on significant effect of season on significant effect of season on significant effect of season on significant effect of season on significant effect of season on significant effect of season on body weight at all ages except 20 body weight at all ages except 20 body weight at all ages except 20 body weight at all ages except 20body weight at all ages except 20body weight at all ages except 20 body weight at all ages except 20body weight at all ages except 20 body weight at all ages except 20body weight at all ages except 20body weight at all ages except 20 body weight at all ages except 20 body weight at all ages except 20body weight at all ages except 20 body weight at all ages except 20body weight at all ages except 20 body weight at all ages except 20body weight at all ages except 20 body weight at all ages except 20 th week (between Season 1 week (between Season 1 week (between Season 1 week (between Season 1 week (between Season 1 week (between Season 1 week (between Season 1 week (between Season 1 week (between Season 1 week (between Season 1 week (between Season 1 week (between Season 1 week (between Season 1 and Season 3) 24and Season 3) and 24 and Season 3) 24and Season 3) and 24and Season 3) and 24and Season 3) and 24and Season 3) and 24 and Season 3) 24 and Season 3) 24and Season 3) and 24 and Season 3) 24 th week (between all the 3 seasons) of age. Pigle week (between all the 3 seasons) of age. Pigleweek (between all the 3 seasons) of age. Pigle week (between all the 3 seasons) of age. Pigle week (between all the 3 seasons) of age. Pigle week (between all the 3 seasons) of age. Pigleweek (between all the 3 seasons) of age. Pigle week (between all the 3 seasons) of age. Pigleweek (between all the 3 seasons) of age. Pigle week (between all the 3 seasons) of age. Pigleweek (between all the 3 seasons) of age. Pigle week (between all the 3 seasons) of age. Pigleweek (between all the 3 seasons) of age. Pigleweek (between all the 3 seasons) of age. Pigleweek (between all the 3 seasons) of age. Pigle week (between all the 3 seasons) of age. Pigleweek (between all the 3 seasons) of age. Pigle week (between all the 3 seasons) of age. Pigleweek (between all the 3 seasons) of age. Pigle week (between all the 3 seasons) of age. Pigleweek (between all the 3 seasons) of age. Pigleweek (between all the 3 seasons) of age. Pigleweek (between all the 3 seasons) of age. Pigle week (between all the 3 seasons) of age. Pigleweek (between all the 3 seasons) of age. Pigle week (between all the 3 seasons) of age. Piglets born during May to October month ts born during May to October month ts born during May to October month ts born during May to October month ts born during May to October month ts born during May to October month ts born during May to October month ts born during May to October month ts born during May to October month ts born during May to October month ts born during May to October month ts born during May to October month (Season 2) maintained significantly higher body weights than the animals born during (Season 2) maintained significantly higher body weights than the animals born during (Season 2) maintained significantly higher body weights than the animals born during (Season 2) maintained significantly higher body weights than the animals born during (Season 2) maintained significantly higher body weights than the animals born during (Season 2) maintained significantly higher body weights than the animals born during (Season 2) maintained significantly higher body weights than the animals born during (Season 2) maintained significantly higher body weights than the animals born during (Season 2) maintained significantly higher body weights than the animals born during (Season 2) maintained significantly higher body weights than the animals born during (Season 2) maintained significantly higher body weights than the animals born during (Season 2) maintained significantly higher body weights than the animals born during (Season 2) maintained significantly higher body weights than the animals born during (Season 2) maintained significantly higher body weights than the animals born during (Season 2) maintained significantly higher body weights than the animals born during (Season 2) maintained significantly higher body weights than the animals born during (Season 2) maintained significantly higher body weights than the animals born during (Season 2) maintained significantly higher body weights than the animals born during (Season 2) maintained significantly higher body weights than the animals born during (Season 2) maintained significantly higher body weights than the animals born during (Season 2) maintained significantly higher body weights than the animals born during (Season 2) maintained significantly higher body weights than the animals born during (Season 2) maintained significantly higher body weights than the animals born during (Season 2) maintained significantly higher body weights than the animals born during (Season 2) maintained significantly higher body weights than the animals born during (Season 2) maintained significantly higher body weights than the animals born during (Season 2) maintained significantly higher body weights than the animals born during (Season 2) maintained significantly higher body weights than the animals born during (Season 2) maintained significantly higher body weights than the animals born during (Season 2) maintained significantly higher body weights than the animals born during February to March (Season 1) and December January 3). February to March (Season 1) and December January 3). February to March (Season 1) and December January 3). February to March (Season 1) and December January 3). February to March (Season 1) and December January 3). February to March (Season 1) and December January 3). February to March (Season 1) and December January 3). February to March (Season 1) and December January 3). February to March (Season 1) and December January 3). February to March (Season 1) and December January 3). February to March (Season 1) and December January 3). February to March (Season 1) and December January 3). February to March (Season 1) and December January 3). February to March (Season 1) and December January 3). February to March (Season 1) and December January 3). February to March (Season 1) and December January 3). February to March (Season 1) and December January 3). February to March (Season 1) and December January 3). February to March (Season 1) and December January 3). February to March (Season 1) and December January 3). February to March (Season 1) and December January 3). February to March (Season 1) and December January 3). February to March (Season 1) and December January 3). February to March (Season 1) and December January 3). February to March (Season 1) and December January 3). February to March (Season 1) and December January 3). February to March (Season 1) and December January 3). February to March (Season 1) and December January 3). The least squares The least squares The least squares The least squares The least squares The least squares The least squares The least squares analysis of variance showed significant effect sanalysis of variance showed significant effect s analysis of variance showed significant effect s analysis of variance showed significant effect s analysis of variance showed significant effect sanalysis of variance showed significant effect s analysis of variance showed significant effect s analysis of variance showed significant effect sanalysis of variance showed significant effect s analysis of variance showed significant effect s analysis of variance showed significant effect s analysis of variance showed significant effect s analysis of variance showed significant effect sanalysis of variance showed significant effect s analysis of variance showed significant effect sanalysis of variance showed significant effect sanalysis of variance showed significant effect s analysis of variance showed significant effect sanalysis of variance showed significant effect sanalysis of variance showed significant effect s analysis of variance showed significant effect season on daily body weight gain during eason on daily body weight gain during eason on daily body weight gain during eason on daily body weight gain during eason on daily body weight gain during eason on daily body weight gain during eason on daily body weight gain during eason on daily body weight gain during eason on daily body weight gain during eason on daily body weight gain during eason on daily body weight gain during various stages of growth except during birth to 8 various stages of growth except during birth to 8 various stages of growth except during birth to 8various stages of growth except during birth to 8 various stages of growth except during birth to 8 various stages of growth except during birth to 8various stages of growth except during birth to 8 various stages of growth except during birth to 8 various stages of growth except during birth to 8various stages of growth except during birth to 8 various stages of growth except during birth to 8 th week growth period. week growth period.week growth period. week growth period. week growth period. ii The heritability estimates of body weight at birth, 4 The heritability estimates of body weight at birth, 4The heritability estimates of body weight at birth, 4 The heritability estimates of body weight at birth, 4 The heritability estimates of body weight at birth, 4 The heritability estimates of body weight at birth, 4 The heritability estimates of body weight at birth, 4 The heritability estimates of body weight at birth, 4The heritability estimates of body weight at birth, 4 The heritability estimates of body weight at birth, 4 The heritability estimates of body weight at birth, 4 The heritability estimates of body weight at birth, 4 The heritability estimates of body weight at birth, 4 The heritability estimates of body weight at birth, 4 The heritability estimates of body weight at birth, 4 The heritability estimates of body weight at birth, 4The heritability estimates of body weight at birth, 4The heritability estimates of body weight at birth, 4 The heritability estimates of body weight at birth, 4The heritability estimates of body weight at birth, 4 The heritability estimates of body weight at birth, 4 The heritability estimates of body weight at birth, 4th week, 8 week, 8week, 8 week, 8th week, 12 week, 12week, 12 week, 12 th week, week, week, 16 th week, 20 week, 20week, 20 week, 20 th week and 24 week and 24week and 24 week and 24week and 24week and 24 week and 24 th week of age were found as 0.392± week of age were found as 0.392±week of age were found as 0.392± week of age were found as 0.392± week of age were found as 0.392±week of age were found as 0.392± week of age were found as 0.392±week of age were found as 0.392± week of age were found as 0.392±week of age were found as 0.392±week of age were found as 0.392±week of age were found as 0.392± week of age were found as 0.392±week of age were found as 0.392±week of age were found as 0.392± week of age were found as 0.392± 0.128, 0.104±0.009, 0.128, 0.104±0.009, 0.128, 0.104±0.009, 0.128, 0.104±0.009, 0.268±0.016, 0.408±0.022, 0.338±0.020, 0.130±0.013 and 0.940±0.042 respectively. The 0.268±0.016, 0.408±0.022, 0.338±0.020, 0.130±0.013 and 0.940±0.042 respectively. The 0.268±0.016, 0.408±0.022, 0.338±0.020, 0.130±0.013 and 0.940±0.042 respectively. The 0.268±0.016, 0.408±0.022, 0.338±0.020, 0.130±0.013 and 0.940±0.042 respectively. The 0.268±0.016, 0.408±0.022, 0.338±0.020, 0.130±0.013 and 0.940±0.042 respectively. The 0.268±0.016, 0.408±0.022, 0.338±0.020, 0.130±0.013 and 0.940±0.042 respectively. The 0.268±0.016, 0.408±0.022, 0.338±0.020, 0.130±0.013 and 0.940±0.042 respectively. The 0.268±0.016, 0.408±0.022, 0.338±0.020, 0.130±0.013 and 0.940±0.042 respectively. The 0.268±0.016, 0.408±0.022, 0.338±0.020, 0.130±0.013 and 0.940±0.042 respectively. The 0.268±0.016, 0.408±0.022, 0.338±0.020, 0.130±0.013 and 0.940±0.042 respectively. The 0.268±0.016, 0.408±0.022, 0.338±0.020, 0.130±0.013 and 0.940±0.042 respectively. The 0.268±0.016, 0.408±0.022, 0.338±0.020, 0.130±0.013 and 0.940±0.042 respectively. The 0.268±0.016, 0.408±0.022, 0.338±0.020, 0.130±0.013 and 0.940±0.042 respectively. The 0.268±0.016, 0.408±0.022, 0.338±0.020, 0.130±0.013 and 0.940±0.042 respectively. The 0.268±0.016, 0.408±0.022, 0.338±0.020, 0.130±0.013 and 0.940±0.042 respectively. The 0.268±0.016, 0.408±0.022, 0.338±0.020, 0.130±0.013 and 0.940±0.042 respectively. The 0.268±0.016, 0.408±0.022, 0.338±0.020, 0.130±0.013 and 0.940±0.042 respectively. The heritability estimates of daily body weight gain during birth to 8 heritability estimates of daily body weight gain during birth to 8 heritability estimates of daily body weight gain during birth to 8 heritability estimates of daily body weight gain during birth to 8 heritability estimates of daily body weight gain during birth to 8 heritability estimates of daily body weight gain during birth to 8heritability estimates of daily body weight gain during birth to 8 heritability estimates of daily body weight gain during birth to 8 heritability estimates of daily body weight gain during birth to 8 heritability estimates of daily body weight gain during birth to 8 heritability estimates of daily body weight gain during birth to 8 heritability estimates of daily body weight gain during birth to 8 heritability estimates of daily body weight gain during birth to 8 heritability estimates of daily body weight gain during birth to 8 heritability estimates of daily body weight gain during birth to 8 heritability estimates of daily body weight gain during birth to 8 heritability estimates of daily body weight gain during birth to 8heritability estimates of daily body weight gain during birth to 8 heritability estimates of daily body weight gain during birth to 8 heritability estimates of daily body weight gain during birth to 8heritability estimates of daily body weight gain during birth to 8 heritability estimates of daily body weight gain during birth to 8 heritability estimates of daily body weight gain during birth to 8 heritability estimates of daily body weight gain during birth to 8th week, 8 week, 8week, 8 week, 8th to 24 th week week week week and birth to 24and birth to 24 and birth to 24 and birth to 24 and birth to 24 th week growth period were found as 0.288±0. week growth period were found as 0.288±0.week growth period were found as 0.288±0. week growth period were found as 0.288±0. week growth period were found as 0.288±0. week growth period were found as 0.288±0. week growth period were found as 0.288±0. week growth period were found as 0.288±0. week growth period were found as 0.288±0.week growth period were found as 0.288±0.week growth period were found as 0.288±0.week growth period were found as 0.288±0. week growth period were found as 0.288±0. week growth period were found as 0.288±0.week growth period were found as 0.288±0. week growth period were found as 0.288±0. 020, 0.980±0.044 and 020, 0.980±0.044 and 020, 0.980±0.044 and 020, 0.980±0.044 and 020, 0.980±0.044 and 020, 0.980±0.044 and 0.844±0.040 respectively. 0.844±0.040 respectively. 0.844±0.040 respectively.0.844±0.040 respectively. 0.844±0.040 respectively. 0.844±0.040 respectively. 0.844±0.040 respectively. The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficients among body weight at birth The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficients among body weight at birth The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficients among body weight at birth The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficients among body weight at birth The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficients among body weight at birth The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficients among body weight at birth The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficients among body weight at birth The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficients among body weight at birth The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficients among body weight at birth The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficients among body weight at birth The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficients among body weight at birth The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficients among body weight at birth The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficients among body weight at birth The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficients among body weight at birth The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficients among body weight at birth The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficients among body weight at birth The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficients among body weight at birth The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficients among body weight at birth The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficients among body weight at birth The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficients among body weight at birth The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficients among body weight at birth The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficients among body weight at birth The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficients among body weight at birth The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficients among body weight at birth The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficients among body weight at birth The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficients among body weight at birth The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficients among body weight at birth The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficients among body weight at birth The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficients among body weight at birth The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficients among body weight at birth The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficients among body weight at birth The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficients among body weight at birth with 4 th week, 8 week, 8week, 8 th week, 12 week, 12week, 12 week, 12week, 12 th week, 16 week, 16week, 16 th week, 20 week, 20week, 20 week, 20 th week and week andweek and week andweek and 24 th week of age were found week of age were found week of age were found week of age were found week of age were found week of age were found week of age were found week of age were found week of age were found week of age were found week of age were found week of age were found week of age were found as 0.056±0.034, 0.080±0.033, 0.271±0.032as 0.056±0.034, 0.080±0.033, 0.271±0.032 as 0.056±0.034, 0.080±0.033, 0.271±0.032 as 0.056±0.034, 0.080±0.033, 0.271±0.032 as 0.056±0.034, 0.080±0.033, 0.271±0.032 , 0.316±0.031, 0.081±0.036 and 0.061±0.037 , 0.316±0.031, 0.081±0.036 and 0.061±0.037 , 0.316±0.031, 0.081±0.036 and 0.061±0.037 , 0.316±0.031, 0.081±0.036 and 0.061±0.037 , 0.316±0.031, 0.081±0.036 and 0.061±0.037 , 0.316±0.031, 0.081±0.036 and 0.061±0.037 , 0.316±0.031, 0.081±0.036 and 0.061±0.037 respectively; between body weight at 4 respectively; between body weight at 4 respectively; between body weight at 4respectively; between body weight at 4 respectively; between body weight at 4 respectively; between body weight at 4 respectively; between body weight at 4respectively; between body weight at 4respectively; between body weight at 4respectively; between body weight at 4 respectively; between body weight at 4respectively; between body weight at 4respectively; between body weight at 4respectively; between body weight at 4 respectively; between body weight at 4 respectively; between body weight at 4 respectively; between body weight at 4 respectively; between body weight at 4respectively; between body weight at 4respectively; between body weight at 4 respectively; between body weight at 4th week with 8 week with 8week with 8week with 8week with 8 week with 8 week with 8th week, 12 week, 12week, 12 week, 12 th week, 16 week, 16week, 16 week, 16week, 16th week, 20 week, 20week, 20 week, 20 th week and 24 week and 24week and 24 week and 24week and 24 week and 24 th week as 0.274±0.032, 0.322±0.030, 0.350±0. week as 0.274±0.032, 0.322±0.030, 0.350±0.week as 0.274±0.032, 0.322±0.030, 0.350±0. week as 0.274±0.032, 0.322±0.030, 0.350±0.week as 0.274±0.032, 0.322±0.030, 0.350±0. week as 0.274±0.032, 0.322±0.030, 0.350±0. week as 0.274±0.032, 0.322±0.030, 0.350±0. week as 0.274±0.032, 0.322±0.030, 0.350±0. 029, 0.376±0.031 and 029, 0.376±0.031 and 029, 0.376±0.031 and 029, 0.376±0.031 and 029, 0.376±0.031 and 0.169±0.036 respectively; between body weight at 0.169±0.036 respectively; between body weight at 0.169±0.036 respectively; between body weight at 0.169±0.036 respectively; between body weight at0.169±0.036 respectively; between body weight at 0.169±0.036 respectively; between body weight at 0.169±0.036 respectively; between body weight at 0.169±0.036 respectively; between body weight at0.169±0.036 respectively; between body weight at 0.169±0.036 respectively; between body weight at 0.169±0.036 respectively; between body weight at0.169±0.036 respectively; between body weight at 0.169±0.036 respectively; between body weight at 0.169±0.036 respectively; between body weight at0.169±0.036 respectively; between body weight at 0.169±0.036 respectively; between body weight at 0.169±0.036 respectively; between body weight at0.169±0.036 respectively; between body weight at0.169±0.036 respectively; between body weight at 8th week with 12 week with 12week with 12 week with 12 week with 12 th week, 16 week, 16week, 16 week, 16 th week, week, week, week, 20 th week and 24 week and 24week and 24 week and 24week and 24 week and 24week and 24 th week of age as 0.288±0.031, 0.550±0.024, 0.542±0.025 and week of age as 0.288±0.031, 0.550±0.024, 0.542±0.025 and week of age as 0.288±0.031, 0.550±0.024, 0.542±0.025 and week of age as 0.288±0.031, 0.550±0.024, 0.542±0.025 and week of age as 0.288±0.031, 0.550±0.024, 0.542±0.025 and week of age as 0.288±0.031, 0.550±0.024, 0.542±0.025 and week of age as 0.288±0.031, 0.550±0.024, 0.542±0.025 and week of age as 0.288±0.031, 0.550±0.024, 0.542±0.025 and week of age as 0.288±0.031, 0.550±0.024, 0.542±0.025 and week of age as 0.288±0.031, 0.550±0.024, 0.542±0.025 and week of age as 0.288±0.031, 0.550±0.024, 0.542±0.025 and week of age as 0.288±0.031, 0.550±0.024, 0.542±0.025 and week of age as 0.288±0.031, 0.550±0.024, 0.542±0.025 and week of age as 0.288±0.031, 0.550±0.024, 0.542±0.025 and week of age as 0.288±0.031, 0.550±0.024, 0.542±0.025 and week of age as 0.288±0.031, 0.550±0.024, 0.542±0.025 and week of age as 0.288±0.031, 0.550±0.024, 0.542±0.025 and week of age as 0.288±0.031, 0.550±0.024, 0.542±0.025 and 0.132±0.036 respectively; between body weight at 12 0.132±0.036 respectively; between body weight at 12 0.132±0.036 respectively; between body weight at 12 0.132±0.036 respectively; between body weight at 120.132±0.036 respectively; between body weight at 12 0.132±0.036 respectively; between body weight at 12 0.132±0.036 respectively; between body weight at 12 0.132±0.036 respectively; between body weight at 12 0.132±0.036 respectively; between body weight at 12 0.132±0.036 respectively; between body weight at 12 0.132±0.036 respectively; between body weight at 120.132±0.036 respectively; between body weight at 12 0.132±0.036 respectively; between body weight at 12 0.132±0.036 respectively; between body weight at 12 0.132±0.036 respectively; between body weight at 12 0.132±0.036 respectively; between body weight at 120.132±0.036 respectively; between body weight at 120.132±0.036 respectively; between body weight at 12 0.132±0.036 respectively; between body weight at 12 th week with 16 week with 16week with 16 week with 16 week with 16 th week, week,week, 20 th week week week and 24and 24 and 24 th week of age as 0.488±0.026, 0.481±0.028 and 0.095 week of age as 0.488±0.026, 0.481±0.028 and 0.095week of age as 0.488±0.026, 0.481±0.028 and 0.095week of age as 0.488±0.026, 0.481±0.028 and 0.095week of age as 0.488±0.026, 0.481±0.028 and 0.095 week of age as 0.488±0.026, 0.481±0.028 and 0.095week of age as 0.488±0.026, 0.481±0.028 and 0.095 week of age as 0.488±0.026, 0.481±0.028 and 0.095week of age as 0.488±0.026, 0.481±0.028 and 0.095week of age as 0.488±0.026, 0.481±0.028 and 0.095 week of age as 0.488±0.026, 0.481±0.028 and 0.095 week of age as 0.488±0.026, 0.481±0.028 and 0.095 week of age as 0.488±0.026, 0.481±0.028 and 0.095 week of age as 0.488±0.026, 0.481±0.028 and 0.095week of age as 0.488±0.026, 0.481±0.028 and 0.095 week of age as 0.488±0.026, 0.481±0.028 and 0.095 ±0.035 respectively; ±0.035 respectively; ±0.035 respectively; ±0.035 respectively; ±0.035 respectively; ±0.035 respectively; ±0.035 respectively; ±0.035 respectively; ±0.035 respectively; between body weight at 16 between body weight at 16 between body weight at 16between body weight at 16 between body weight at 16 between body weight at 16between body weight at 16 between body weight at 16 between body weight at 16between body weight at 16between body weight at 16 between body weight at 16 th week with 20 week with 20week with 20 week with 20 week with 20 th week and 24 week and 24week and 24 week and 24week and 24 week and 24 th week of age as 0.488±0.027 week of age as 0.488±0.027 week of age as 0.488±0.027 week of age as 0.488±0.027 week of age as 0.488±0.027 week of age as 0.488±0.027 week of age as 0.488±0.027 week of age as 0.488±0.027 week of age as 0.488±0.027 week of age as 0.488±0.027 week of age as 0.488±0.027 week of age as 0.488±0.027 week of age as 0.488±0.027 and 0.179±0.036 respectively between body weight at 20and 0.179±0.036 respectively and between body weight at 20 and 0.179±0.036 respectively between body weight at 20 and 0.179±0.036 respectively between body weight at 20 and 0.179±0.036 respectively between body weight at 20 and 0.179±0.036 respectively between body weight at 20and 0.179±0.036 respectively and between body weight at 20 and 0.179±0.036 respectively between body weight at 20 and 0.179±0.036 respectively between body weight at 20 and 0.179±0.036 respectively between body weight at 20and 0.179±0.036 respectively and between body weight at 20 and 0.179±0.036 respectively between body weight at 20 and 0.179±0.036 respectively between body weight at 20 and 0.179±0.036 respectively between body weight at 20and 0.179±0.036 respectively and between body weight at 20 and 0.179±0.036 respectively between body weight at 20 and 0.179±0.036 respectively between body weight at 20 and 0.179±0.036 respectively between body weight at 20 and 0.179±0.036 respectively between body weight at 20and 0.179±0.036 respectively and between body weight at 20and 0.179±0.036 respectively and between body weight at 20 and 0.179±0.036 respectively between body weight at 20 th week with 24 week with 24week with 24 week with 24 week with 24 th week o week oweek o week of age as 0.125±0.028. The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficage as 0.125±0.028. The estimates of phenotypic correlation coeffic age as 0.125±0.028. The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficage as 0.125±0.028. The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficage as 0.125±0.028. The estimates of phenotypic correlation coeffic age as 0.125±0.028. The estimates of phenotypic correlation coeffic age as 0.125±0.028. The estimates of phenotypic correlation coeffic age as 0.125±0.028. The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficage as 0.125±0.028. The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficage as 0.125±0.028. The estimates of phenotypic correlation coeffic age as 0.125±0.028. The estimates of phenotypic correlation coeffic age as 0.125±0.028. The estimates of phenotypic correlation coeffic age as 0.125±0.028. The estimates of phenotypic correlation coeffic age as 0.125±0.028. The estimates of phenotypic correlation coeffic age as 0.125±0.028. The estimates of phenotypic correlation coeffic age as 0.125±0.028. The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficage as 0.125±0.028. The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficage as 0.125±0.028. The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficage as 0.125±0.028. The estimates of phenotypic correlation coeffic age as 0.125±0.028. The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficage as 0.125±0.028. The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficage as 0.125±0.028. The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficage as 0.125±0.028. The estimates of phenotypic correlation coeffic age as 0.125±0.028. The estimates of phenotypic correlation coeffic age as 0.125±0.028. The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficage as 0.125±0.028. The estimates of phenotypic correlation coeffic age as 0.125±0.028. The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficage as 0.125±0.028. The estimates of phenotypic correlation coeffic age as 0.125±0.028. The estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficients among daily ients among daily ients among daily ients among daily ients among daily ients among daily ients among daily ients among daily body weight gain during birth to 8 body weight gain during birth to 8 body weight gain during birth to 8 body weight gain during birth to 8body weight gain during birth to 8 body weight gain during birth to 8 body weight gain during birth to 8 body weight gain during birth to 8body weight gain during birth to 8 body weight gain during birth to 8 body weight gain during birth to 8th week with 8 week with 8week with 8 week with 8 week with 8th to 24 to 24 th week, 8 week, 8week, 8 week, 8th to 24 to 24to 24th week with week with week with week with birth to 24 birth to 24 birth to 24 th week and birth to 8 week and birth to 8week and birth to 8 week and birth to 8week and birth to 8 week and birth to 8 week and birth to 8 week and birth to 8week and birth to 8th week with birth to 24 week with birth to 24week with birth to 24 week with birth to 24 week with birth to 24week with birth to 24 week with birth to 24 week with birth to 24week with birth to 24 th week were found as week were found as week were found as week were found as week were found as week were found as week were found as week were found as week were found as week were found as -0. 182±0.036, 0.425±0.030 and 0.813±0.012 respectively. 182±0.036, 0.425±0.030 and 0.813±0.012 respectively.182±0.036, 0.425±0.030 and 0.813±0.012 respectively. 182±0.036, 0.425±0.030 and 0.813±0.012 respectively.182±0.036, 0.425±0.030 and 0.813±0.012 respectively. 182±0.036, 0.425±0.030 and 0.813±0.012 respectively. 182±0.036, 0.425±0.030 and 0.813±0.012 respectively. 182±0.036, 0.425±0.030 and 0.813±0.012 respectively. The estimates of The estimates ofThe estimates ofThe estimates of The estimates of The estimates of The estimates of genetic correlation coefficients among body weights at birth genetic correlation coefficients among body weights at birth genetic correlation coefficients among body weights at birth genetic correlation coefficients among body weights at birth genetic correlation coefficients among body weights at birth genetic correlation coefficients among body weights at birth genetic correlation coefficients among body weights at birth genetic correlation coefficients among body weights at birth genetic correlation coefficients among body weights at birth genetic correlation coefficients among body weights at birth genetic correlation coefficients among body weights at birth genetic correlation coefficients among body weights at birth genetic correlation coefficients among body weights at birth genetic correlation coefficients among body weights at birth genetic correlation coefficients among body weights at birth genetic correlation coefficients among body weights at birth genetic correlation coefficients among body weights at birth genetic correlation coefficients among body weights at birth genetic correlation coefficients among body weights at birth genetic correlation coefficients among body weights at birth genetic correlation coefficients among body weights at birth genetic correlation coefficients among body weights at birth genetic correlation coefficients among body weights at birth genetic correlation coefficients among body weights at birth genetic correlation coefficients among body weights at birth genetic correlation coefficients among body weights at birth genetic correlation coefficients among body weights at birth with 4 th week, 8 week, 8week, 8 th week, 12 week, 12week, 12 week, 12week, 12 th week, 16 week, 16week, 16 th week, 20 week, 20week, 20 week, 20 th week and 24 week and 24week and 24 week and 24week and 24 th week of age were found week of age were found week of age were found week of age were found week of age were found week of age were found week of age were found week of age were found week of age were found week of age were found week of age were found week of age were found week of age were found as 0.259±0.019, 0.125±0.014, 0.700±0as 0.259±0.019, 0.125±0.014, 0.700±0 as 0.259±0.019, 0.125±0.014, 0.700±0 as 0.259±0.019, 0.125±0.014, 0.700±0 as 0.259±0.019, 0.125±0.014, 0.700±0 .006, 0.594±0.009, 0.130±0.002 and 0.170±0.010 .006, 0.594±0.009, 0.130±0.002 and 0.170±0.010 .006, 0.594±0.009, 0.130±0.002 and 0.170±0.010 .006, 0.594±0.009, 0.130±0.002 and 0.170±0.010 .006, 0.594±0.009, 0.130±0.002 and 0.170±0.010 .006, 0.594±0.009, 0.130±0.002 and 0.170±0.010 .006, 0.594±0.009, 0.130±0.002 and 0.170±0.010 respectively; among bo respectively; among bo respectively; among borespectively; among bo respectively; among bo respectively; among bo respectively; among borespectively; among borespectively; among bo respectively; among bo dy weight at 4 dy weight at 4 dy weight at 4 dy weight at 4dy weight at 4dy weight at 4 dy weight at 4th week with 8 week with 8week with 8 week with 8 week with 8 week with 8th week, 12 week, 12week, 12 week, 12 th week, 16 week, 16week, 16 week, 16 th week, 20 week, 20week, 20 week, 20 th week and 24 week and 24week and 24 week and 24week and 24 week and 24 th week of age as 0.286±0.003, 0.389±week of age as 0.286±0.003, 0.389±week of age as 0.286±0.003, 0.389±week of age as 0.286±0.003, 0.389±week of age as 0.286±0.003, 0.389±week of age as 0.286±0.003, 0.389±week of age as 0.286±0.003, 0.389±week of age as 0.286±0.003, 0.389±week of age as 0.286±0.003, 0.389±week of age as 0.286±0.003, 0.389±week of age as 0.286±0.003, 0.389±week of age as 0.286±0.003, 0.389±week of age as 0.286±0.003, 0.389±-0.107±0.004, 0.502±0.005 and 0.107±0.004, 0.502±0.005 and 0.107±0.004, 0.502±0.005 and 0.107±0.004, 0.502±0.005 and 0.146±0.003 respectively; among body w 0.146±0.003 respectively; among body w 0.146±0.003 respectively; among body w 0.146±0.003 respectively; among body w0.146±0.003 respectively; among body w 0.146±0.003 respectively; among body w 0.146±0.003 respectively; among body w 0.146±0.003 respectively; among body w 0.146±0.003 respectively; among body w0.146±0.003 respectively; among body w 0.146±0.003 respectively; among body w 0.146±0.003 respectively; among body weight at 8eight at 8 eight at 8eight at 8eight at 8 eight at 8th week with 12 week with 12week with 12 week with 12 week with 12 th week, 16 week, 16week, 16 week, 16week, 16th week, 20 week, 20week, 20 week, 20 th week and 24 week and 24week and 24 week and 24week and 24 th week week week of age as of age as of age as of age as of age as of age as -0.078±0.002, 0.137±0.078±0.002, 0.137±-0.055±0.004 and 0.192±0.002 0.055±0.004 and 0.192±0.002 respectively, among body weight at 12 respectively, among body weight at 12 respectively, among body weight at 12respectively, among body weight at 12 respectively, among body weight at 12 respectively, among body weight at 12 respectively, among body weight at 12 respectively, among body weight at 12respectively, among body weight at 12 respectively, among body weight at 12 respectively, among body weight at 12 respectively, among body weight at 12respectively, among body weight at 12respectively, among body weight at 12 th week with 16 week with 16week with 16week with 16 th week, 20 week, 20week, 20 th week and 24 week and 24week and 24 week and 24week and 24week and 24 th week of week of week of week of age as age as age as age as age as -0.214±0.002, 0.589±0.003 0.214±0.002, 0.589±0.003 0.214±0.002, 0.589±0.003 and 0.119±0.005 respectively; among body weight at and 0.119±0.005 respectively; among body weight at and 0.119±0.005 respectively; among body weight at and 0.119±0.005 respectively; among body weight at and 0.119±0.005 respectively; among body weight at and 0.119±0.005 respectively; among body weight at and 0.119±0.005 respectively; among body weight at and 0.119±0.005 respectively; among body weight at and 0.119±0.005 respectively; among body weight at and 0.119±0.005 respectively; among body weight at and 0.119±0.005 respectively; among body weight at and 0.119±0.005 respectively; among body weight at and 0.119±0.005 respectively; among body weight at and 0.119±0.005 respectively; among body weight at and 0.119±0.005 respectively; among body weight at and 0.119±0.005 respectively; among body weight at and 0.119±0.005 respectively; among body weight at and 0.119±0.005 respectively; among body weight at and 0.119±0.005 respectively; among body weight at 12 th week with 20 week with 20week with 20 week with 20 week with 20 th week and 24 week and 24week and 24 week and 24week and 24 week and 24 th week of age as week of age as week of age as week of age as week of age as week of age as week of age as week of age as week of age as week of age as -0.101±0.004 and 0.257±0.101±0.004 and 0.257±0.101±0.004 and 0.257±0.101±0.004 and 0.257±0.101±0.004 and 0.257±0.101±0.004 and 0.257± iii respectively and among body weight at 20 respectively and among body weight at 20 respectively and among body weight at 20respectively and among body weight at 20 respectively and among body weight at 20 respectively and among body weight at 20 respectively and among body weight at 20respectively and among body weight at 20 respectively and among body weight at 20respectively and among body weight at 20 respectively and among body weight at 20 respectively and among body weight at 20 respectively and among body weight at 20 respectively and among body weight at 20respectively and among body weight at 20respectively and among body weight at 20 respectively and among body weight at 20 th week with 24 week with 24week with 24 week with 24 week with 24 th week of age as 0.294±0.002. week of age as 0.294±0.002. week of age as 0.294±0.002. week of age as 0.294±0.002. week of age as 0.294±0.002. week of age as 0.294±0.002. week of age as 0.294±0.002. week of age as 0.294±0.002. week of age as 0.294±0.002. week of age as 0.294±0.002. The estimates of genetic correlation coef The estimates of genetic correlation coefThe estimates of genetic correlation coefThe estimates of genetic correlation coef The estimates of genetic correlation coef The estimates of genetic correlation coef The estimates of genetic correlation coef The estimates of genetic correlation coef The estimates of genetic correlation coefThe estimates of genetic correlation coefThe estimates of genetic correlation coef The estimates of genetic correlation coefThe estimates of genetic correlation coefThe estimates of genetic correlation coefThe estimates of genetic correlation coef The estimates of genetic correlation coefThe estimates of genetic correlation coefThe estimates of genetic correlation coefThe estimates of genetic correlation coef The estimates of genetic correlation coef The estimates of genetic correlation coefThe estimates of genetic correlation coef The estimates of genetic correlation coefficients among daily body weight gain during ficients among daily body weight gain during ficients among daily body weight gain during ficients among daily body weight gain during ficients among daily body weight gain during ficients among daily body weight gain during ficients among daily body weight gain during ficients among daily body weight gain during ficients among daily body weight gain during ficients among daily body weight gain during ficients among daily body weight gain during ficients among daily body weight gain during ficients among daily body weight gain during ficients among daily body weight gain during ficients among daily body weight gain during birth to 8 birth to 8 birth to 8th week with 8 week with 8week with 8 week with 8 week with 8th to 24 to 24 th week, 8 week, 8week, 8 week, 8th to 24 to 24 th week with birth to 24 week with birth to 24week with birth to 24 week with birth to 24 week with birth to 24 week with birth to 24 week with birth to 24 th week and birth week and birth week and birth week and birth week and birth week and birth week and birth to 8 to 8th week with birth to 24 week with birth to 24week with birth to 24 week with birth to 24 week with birth to 24 week with birth to 24 week with birth to 24 th week growth period were found as 0.052±0.003, week growth period were found as 0.052±0.003, week growth period were found as 0.052±0.003, week growth period were found as 0.052±0.003, week growth period were found as 0.052±0.003, week growth period were found as 0.052±0.003, week growth period were found as 0.052±0.003, week growth period were found as 0.052±0.003, week growth period were found as 0.052±0.003, week growth period were found as 0.052±0.003, week growth period were found as 0.052±0.003, week growth period were found as 0.052±0.003, week growth period were found as 0.052±0.003, week growth period were found as 0.052±0.003, week growth period were found as 0.052±0.003, week growth period were found as 0.052±0.003, week growth period were found as 0.052±0.003, week growth period were found as 0.052±0.003, week growth period were found as 0.052±0.003, 0.526±0.002 and 0.077±respectively. 0.526±0.002 and 0.077±respectively. 0.526±0.002 and 0.077±respectively. 0.526±0.002 and 0.077±respectively.0.526±0.002 and 0.077±respectively. 0.526±0.002 and 0.077±respectively. 0.526±0.002 and 0.077±respectively. 0.526±0.002 and 0.077±0.002 respectively.ThesisItem Open Access PERFORMANCE OF INDIGENOUS CHICKEN IN CERTAIN DISTRICTS OF ASSAM UNDER BACKYARD FARMING SYSTEM(College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, 2021-12) ISLAM, JEHIRUL; Ferdoci, A. M.The study was conducted on indigenous chickens of Darrang and Udalguri district of Assam to evaluate growth, performance and reproductive traits. Data on body weights relating to 747 birds were used in the study. The data of 115, 137 and 95 number of birds were utilized for age at first egg, annual egg production and reproductive traits respectively. Fifty eggs were randomly collected for the study of egg quality traits. Data were collected during the period from August, 2020 to June, 2021 through field survey and interviewed the farmers with pre-tested questionnaire. The overall least-squares means of body weight at day old stage, 20 weeks and 40 weeks were found to be 28.332±0.218, 745.719±4.479 and 1296.984±6.971 g respectively. The body weight of males at 20 weeks and 40 weeks were found to be 779.924±7.995 g and 1389.121±11.670 g and the corresponding values of females were found to be 711.513±5.407 g and 1204.846±8.691 g respectively. Chicken of Darrang district had higher body weight of 29.002±0.304, 750.310±6.215 and 1302.030±9.596 g at day old stage, 20 and 40 weeks of age than Udalguri district with 27.662±0.314, 741.128±6.461 and 1291.938±10.142 g respectively. Significant effect of district on body weight at day old stage (P<0.01), 20 weeks (P<0.05) and 40 weeks (P<0.01) were observed. The overall least-squares means for age at first egg was found to be 199.286±4.236 days. The least-squares means for age at first egg in Darrang and Udalguri district were 196.741±7.986 and 201.831±9.022 days respectively which were found to be non-significant. The overall least-squares means for annual egg production was found to be 65.236±0.813 numbers. The least-squares means for annual egg production in Darrang and Udalguri district were 67.901±1.137 and 65.570±1.162 numbers respectively which were found to be significant (P<0.01). The overall mean for egg weight (g), Albumen index, Yolk index, Haugh unit, Shell thickness (mm) and Shape index were recorded as 40.54±0.63, 0.077±0.003, 0.502±0.006, 70.213±0.700, 0.323±0.003 and 75.725±0.407 respectively. The egg shell colours were mostly light brown followed by creamy white. The average fertility and hatchability were recorded as 90.75 % and 87.42 % respectively.ThesisItem Open Access CHARACTERIZATION OF INDIGENOUS GEESE OF ASSAM(College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, 2021-12) HOQUE, HANIDUL; Phookan, ArundhatiThe present study carried out in indigenous geese of Assam belonging to, Udalguri, Nalbari, Darrang and Barpeta district. Data pertaining to a total of 251, 686, 184, 845 nos. of geese and 32 nos. of eggs were utilized to study physical characteristics; body weight and body measurements; productive and reproductive traits; mortality percentage and egg quality traits. Indigenous geese were found to be Cinnamon coloured with border plumage pattern and White coloured with solid plumage pattern. Bill colour was observed to be black, orange, yellow and admixture of black and orange. Shank and feet colour were observed to be orange and yellow. Least–squares means(LSM) for body weight at hatching, 1month, 2months, 3months, 4months, 6-8 months and 12 months and above age were found to be 0.087±0.001, 0.514±0.005, 1.699±0.043, 2.740±0.031, 3.030±0.022, 3.480±0.055 and 3.970±0.025 kg respectively. LSM for body length, for body length, for body length, for body length, for body length, for body length, for body length, for body length, for body length, for body length, for body length, for body length, for body length, for body length, for body length, for body length, for body length, for body length, for body length, for body length, circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast circumference, bill length, width, head neck breast shank length shank length shank length shank length shank length shank length shank length shank length shank length shank length and feet length were 8.606±0.020, 12.437±0.119, 1.813±0.022, 1.125±0.015, 2.610±0.03,1.496±0.018, 2.820±0.024, 6.259±0.025, 2.802±0.021 and 2.686±0.022cm at hatching; 17.151±0.158, 18.59±0.163, 3.228±0.031, 1.626±0.020, 5.671±0.040, 2.267±0.030, 6.398 ±0.040, 14.426±0.181, 5.461±0.047 and 5.151±0.050 cm at 1 month; 28.220±0.535, 30.080±0.496, 5.044±0.090, 2.060±0.028, 6.805±0.067, 2.655±0.036, 11.036±0.247, 16.686±0.128, 6.688±0.069 and 6.191±0.066 cm at 2 months; 36.700±0.329, 38.040±0.332, 6.784±0.067, 2.123±0.025, 6.793±0.066, 2.702±0.047, 14.036±0.104, 21.944±0.206, 7.206±0.037 and 6.764±0.037cm at 3 months, 37.956±0.326, 39.220±0.286, 7.012±0.041, 2.359±0.028, 7.674±0.036, 3.144±0.034, 16.168±0.129, 24.169±0.109, 7.916±0.040 and 7.458±0.043 cm at 4 months; 40.282±0.349, 42.580±0.405, 7.697±0.055, 2.496±0.028, 7.997±0.046, 3.414±0.030, 17.186 ±0.100, 25.623±0.237, 8.052±0.038 and 7.586±0.037cm at 6-8 months and 44.954±0.159, 48.876±0.192, 8.491±0.017, 3.304±0.017, 9.723±0.037, 4.207±0.019, 19.097±0.051, 27.998±0.099, 8.376±0.016 and 7.954±0.016 cm at 12 months and above age. Body weights and body measurements were found to be significantly higher in males. Geese from Darrang district were found to have significantly higher body measurements. LSM for age at first egg, annual egg production, clutch size and clutch interval was found to be 320.196±2.882 days, 19.886±0.306 nos., 9.897±0.143 nos. and 59.206±0.531 days. Two laying cycles in a year observed i.e. September to November and December to February and each laying cycle ranged from 12 days to 1 month. Average egg weight, shape index, shell weight, shell thickness, specific gravity, albumen index, Haugh unit and yolk index were found to be 115.445±2.320 g, 70.476±1.120, 16.756±0.282 g, 0.560±0.009 mm, 1.285±0.017, 0.075±0.001, 64.662±1.201 and 0.362±0.006.Yolk colour observed to be yellow and sometimes orange. Egg shell colour was observed white and sometime cloudy white. Geese found to be quite broody. Average fertility and hatchability % (TES) were found to be 87.11% and 80.53%. Average mortality % were recorded as 12.93, 9.52, 6.74 and 3.07 % for 0 to 1 week, 2 to 4 weeks, 4 to 20 weeks and 24 weeks and above age groups.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON BODY CONFORMATION, PERFORMANCE AND EXPRESSION OF CERTAIN GENES RELATED TO PROLIFICACY IN SIROHI GOATS UNDER FARM CONDITION IN ASSAM(Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara,Guwahati, 2017-07) SARMAH, SANGEETA; Das, ArpanaThe present study was conducted for performance evaluation of certain traits of growth and reproduction in Sirohi goats as well as to study the expression profile of GDF 9 gene related to prolificacy in Sirohi and Assam Hill goats. Data on 250 Sirohi goats for the study of growth and morphometric traits and 310 Sirohi goats for the study of reproductive traits maintained at the Sheep and Goat Breeding Farm, Silonijan, Karbi Anglong , Assam were utilized for the study. The least square means for body weight, body length, heart girth and height at wither were 2.500±0.012 kg, 25.060±0.135 cm, 25.988±0.172 cm and 25.846±0.181cm at birth; 5.607±0.041kg, 41.442±0.232 cm, 45.378±0.391cm, 41.750±0.248 cm at 3 month; 11.734±0.107 kg, 50.527±0.220 cm, 55.390±0.368 cm and 51.915±0.290 cm at 6 month; 16.778±0.177 kg, 60.864±0.212 cm, 62.978±0.323 cm and 62.173±0.272 cm in 9 month; 22.864±0.196 kg, 71.107±0.217 cm, 71.613±0.227 cm and 71.851±0.239 cm at 12 month of age respectively. Parity and period of birth exerted significant (P<0.01) effect on body length, heart girth and height at wither 12 month of age. Season of birth had significant effect (P<0.01) on body weight, body length, heart girth and height at wither. Body weight, body length and heart girth also differed significantly (P<0.01) due to kidding type and single born kids had higher values than the twins. Significant effect of sex was observed on body weight, body length, heart girth and height at wither at all age groups. The male goats were superior to the females in respect of all these traits. The least square means for age at first kidding, gestation period, service period and interkidding period pertaining to first parity were 701.710±2.267 days, 148.895±0.321 days, 195.545 ±1.513 days and 343.898±1.584 days, respectively. The overall mean for gestation period, service period and interkidding period pertaining to all parities were 147.800±0.429 days, 188.553±1.201 days and 336.662±1.102 days, respectively. Period of kidding exerted significant effect on age at first kidding, service period and interkidding period. Kidding order also exerted significant effect on service period and interkidding period and lowest values were obtained in 5th parity. The growth pattern of Sirohi goats from birth to one year of age was found to be little slower from birth to 3 month, faster from 3 to 6 month, again slower from 6 to 9 month and then accelerated from 9 to 12 month of age. Linear and multiple regression equations were developed for prediction of 1 year body weight from the body weight at birth, 3, 6 and 9 month of age and observed that prediction of 1 year body weight could be done from the body weight at earlier ages. The phenotypic correlations among the body weight at different ages were found to be high and positive. Expression of GDF9 gene in Sirohi and Assam Hill goat did not differ significantly as revealed by paired t-test.ThesisItem Open Access TYPE CHARACTERIZATION OF INDIGENOUS CATTLE (BOS INDICUS) OF ARUNACHAL PRADESH(Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara,Guwahati, 2017-07) KAKKI, MARPI; Zaman, G.U.A total of 404 animals for body measurement, 810 lactation records for performance traits, 71 birth weight records and 140 milk samples for estimation of milk constituents from indigenous cattle of Arunachal Pradesh were utilized in the present study. The data obtained were classified according to location, age group, lactation order, sex and stage of lactation. The least-squares means for head length, eye to eye space, breadth of forehead, neck length, neck circumference, horn length, horn circumference at base, horn circumference at middle, horn circumference at tip, distance between two horns at base, distance between two horns at middle, distance between two horns at tip, ear length, body length, height at withers, heart girth, pouch girth, length of arm, elbow length, fore shank length, thigh length, hind shank length, length of pes, length of tail, length of switch, length of udder, width of udder, depth of udder, teat length and teat diameter were 32.269 ± 0.112, 12.749 ± 0.048, 13.239 ± 0.040, 27.718 ± 0.085, 56.551 ± 0.237, 10.348 ± 0.087, 10.517 ± 0.035, 7.898 ± 0.037, 3.715 ± 0.020, 12.615 ± 0.038, 16.854 ± 0.044, 17.419 ± 0.046, 16.975 ± 0.032, 98.475 ± 0.155, 97.123 ± 0.153, 117.582 ± 0.241, 122.462 ± 0.243, 24.448 ± 0.048, 25.599 ± 0.043, 24.970 ± 0.041, 26.426 ± 0.052, 27.598 ± 0.054, 29.206 ± 0.061, 50.498 ± 0.160, 26.628 ± 0.072, 30.940 ± 0.105, 21.506 ± 0.069, 9.923 ± 0.037, 4.459 ± 0.024 and 2.762 ± 0.025cm respectively. Age, sex and location had significant effect on various measurements under head and neck, body, legs, feet and tail and udder. The most predominant horn orientation was curved upward (37.30 per cent) with black (55.14 per cent) and grey (44.86 per cent) horn colours and horizontal type of ear orientation. Among the 8 (eight) types of coat colours recorded, brown (30.69 per cent) was predominant, while common colours of muzzle, hoof and switch were black with a frequency of 73.76 per cent, 73.02 per cent and 65.59 per cent respectively. The least-squares means for age at first calving, lactation milk yield, lactation length, peak yield, days to attain peak yield, dry period, gestation period, inter calving period and birth weight of indigenous cattle of Arunachal Pradesh were found to be 44.553 ± 0.138 months, 296.710 ± 0.803 kg, 239.513 ± 0.483 days, 1.820 ± 0.005 kg, 35.974 ± 0.076 days, 209.957 ± 0.742 days, 272.557 ± 0.073 days, 447.085 ± 0.702 days and 14.554 ± 0.103 kg respectively. Location had significant effect on all the productive and reproductive traits except peak yield, days to attain peak yield, dry period and gestation period whereas the effect of lactation order was non-significant for gestation period. Farmers followed semi-intensive type of management system. The least-squares means for fat, solids-not-fat, protein and total solids per cent of milk in indigenous cows of Arunachal Pradesh were 5.895 ± 0.032 per cent, 8.582 ± 0.027 per cent, 2.790 ± 0.017 per cent and 14.483 ± 0.048 per cent respectively. Location and lactation order showed non-significant effect on all the milk constituents viz., fat, solids-not-fat, protein and total solids percentage however, stage of lactation showed significant effect on fat and total solids percentage.