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20221
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Subject: Animal Genetics and Breeding × Author: Gogoi, Ankita × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Phenotypic characterization and polymorphism study of prolactin gene in native geese of Assam
    (2022) Gogoi, Ankita; Das, Bula
    Data pertaining to 1015 native geese of Assam were considered for morphometric characteristics, productive and reproductive performances, egg quality and carcass traits, along with screening of polymorphisms in 5'flanking region of Prolactin gene. Two plumage colours, cinnamon (62.38%) and white (37.62%) were seen. Bill colour was observed to be black (49.08%), orange (35.33%,), yellow (13.24%) and mixture of black and orange (2.35%). The skin was 100% white. Shank and feet colour were orange (75.32%), yellow (21.67%) and mixture of black and orange colour (3.01%). Black (60.14%), brown (28.49%) and blue (11.37%) eye colour was seen. The overall LSM ± SE for body weights at hatching, 4 week, 8 week, 6 month, 8 month,12 month of age were 89.85±0.11, 66.89±1.21, 1761.90±2.08, 3305.42±4.63, 3575.80±10.61 and 3804.84±3.91 g, respectively. The overall mean (cm) for bill length, bill width, knob diameter (at 12 months of age), head length, head width, neck length, neck girth, breast length, keel length, body length, body circumference, shank length and wingspan (3 to 6, 8 to 10 and 12 months of age) at the respective ages were 5.31 ± 0.018, 6.24 ± 0.01, 7.24 ± 0.012, 8.42 ± 0.014; 1.46 ± 0.010, 1.95 ± 0.008, 2.19 ± 0.009, 2.45 ± 0.009; 2.34 ± 0.006; 5.42± 0.019, 6.70 ± 0.018, 8.31 ± 0.019, 10.26 ± 0.018; 2.44 ± 0.009, 2.80 ± 0.011, 3.03 ± 0.010, 3.26 ± 0.012; 14.13 ± 0.031, 16.00 ± 0.032, 17.80 ± 0.026, 21.74 ± 0.027; 2.17 ± 0.012, 4.12 ± 0.013, 6.28 ± 0.011, 10.19 ± 0.019; 7.95 ± 0.022, 15.73 ± 0.044, 21.42 ± 0.023, 29.93 ± 0.022; 10.93 ± 0.024, 12.62 ± 0.023, 14.34 ± 0.025; 35.89 ± 0.049, 39.82 ± 0.040, 42.36 ± 0.043, 48.21 ± 0.037; 33.03 ± 0.033, 43.74 ± 0.06, 45.59 ± 0.033, 49.92 ± 0.029; 5.23 ± 0.015, 6.10 ± 0.016, 7.30 ± 0.015, 8.36 ± 0.015 and 89.89 ± 0.038, 101.54 ± 0.038 and 114.12 ± 0.037, respectively. Significant effects (P<0.01) of district and sex of bird on body weight and morphometric traits were observed. Age at first lay, annual egg production, clutch size and clutch interval were 323.02±0.302 days, 21.51±0.180 numbers, 9.87±0.098 numbers and 64.48±0.655 days, respectively. Two laying cycles, viz., September to October and December to February were observed. Egg weight, shell weight, shell thickness, shape index and specific gravity were 117.00±1.395 g, 14.19±0.225 g, 0.54±0.006 mm, 72.22±0.283 % and 1.09±0.001, respectively. Albumen Index, Haugh Unit, Yolk Index and yolk weight were 0.06±0.001, 59.79±0.726, 0.34±0.007 and 61.98±1.045, respectively. Age at slaughter (days), pre-slaughter weight (g), shrinkage (%), dressing percentage (%), evisceration loss (%) and ready to cook yield (%) in gander were 411.40 ± 4.26, 4192.80 ± 69.87, 4.36 ± 0.05, 67.10 ± 1.14, 7.58 ± 0.58 and 70.43 ± 1.05, respectively. The corresponding values in geese were 338.00 ± 21.48, 3878.40 ± 36.06, 4.76 ± 0.32, 66.11 ± 1.01, 7.02 ± 0.73 and 70.28 ± 1.24. In gander, yield of cut up parts on live weight (%) were 17.62 ± 0.19, 7.68 ± 0.14, 6.58 ± 0.10, 13.56 ± 1.29, 4.62 ± 0.12 and 8.05 ± 0.21 for breast, drumstick, thigh, back, neck and wings respectively. The corresponding values on dressed weight (%) were 27.49 ± 0.56, 11.98 ± 0.29, 10.26 ± 0.13, 21.01 ± 1.66, 7.21 ± 0.23 and 12.55 ± 0.25, respectively. In geese, cut up parts yield to live weight (%) were 17.58 ± 0.28, 6.74 ± 0.14, 6.71 ± 0.10, 12.40± 0.50, 4.35 ± 0.16 and 7.87 ± 0.33 for breast, drumstick, thigh, back, neck and wings, respectively. The corresponding values as per dressed weight (%) were 27.94 ± 0.42, 10.71 ± 0.19, 10.67 ± 0.16, 19.67 ± 0.43, 6.93 ± 0.33 and 12.48 ± 0.41, respectively. Meat to bone ratio of 2.05 ± 0.01 was found in both the sexes. 100 percent broody behavior observed. Fertility and hatchability (TES) were 91.38 ± 6.83 and 86.50 ± 7.59%. Mortality rate were 22.58, 15.24 and 11.72 at 0 to 1, 1 to 8 and 8 to 20 weeks. Screening for polymorphism in 5'-flanking region of PRL revealed transversion of G to C at location 117 and transition of C to T at location 182.The native geese attained much higher body weight at 6 months and 12 months of age compared to other poultry species. Various studies may be undertaken to genetically characterize the goose populations and association studies of genes with production traits may be conducted. Geese have promising role as alternate species for backyard poultry meat production. The detailed study would help in development of breed descriptors and baseline reference for future studies.