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ThesisItem Open Access TO OPTIMIZE THE DOSE OF BIOZYME FOR MAXIMUM YIELD POTENTIAL IN Capsicum annum L.(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (C.G.), 2020) Deepika; Tiwari, S.P.; Guhey, Arti; Panigrahi, Hemant; Saxena, R.R.“The present experiment was conducted in Department of Plant Physiology, Agricultural Biochemistry and Medicinal and Aromatic Plant”during Rabi in 2019-20. Experiment entitled “To optimize the dose of Biozyme for maximum yield potential in Capsicum annum L.” Under the polyhouse. The experiment laid out in Completely Block Design with Six treatments and three replications and the Capsicum variety is Indra were given at different concentration of Biozyme viz, Biozyme@5ppm, Biozyme@10ppm, Biozyme@15ppm, Biozyme@20ppm, Biozyme@25ppm”were applied along with control (Water Spray)” Among the different concentration of biozyme tested the T4 (Biozyme@15ppm) was found to be the best for Plant height (64.06cm) , Number of internodes (7.33), Stem girth (2.91),Vitamin C (61.34mg), Total soluble solid (5.00). The treatment T5 (Biozyme@20ppm) recorded best for Protein Content (%). T3 (Biozyme@10ppm) was found to be best for Number of leaves per plant (57.03), Leaf area (58.43cm2), Light intensity (285.84 kilolux), Dry matter production (86.19g), SPAD value (54.03), Total chlorophyll (4.01mg). Among Different concentration of biozyme , the minimum day for first flower initiation (33.00days) ,Days to 50% flowering (37days), Days to first fruit initiation (46.67days), Days to 50% fruiting (55.33days) and Days to first picking of fruits (66.67days) was recorded in T3 (Biozyme@10ppm). Similarly the treatment T3(Biozyme@10ppm) was found to be effective for Number of flower per plant (13.13), Number of fruit per plant (8.33), Total number of picking per plant (3.10), Number of seeds per plant (123.63), Fruit length (7.10cm), Fruit weight (104.71g), Stalk length (3.77cm), Fruit diameter (6.86cm), Yield per plant (0.87kg), Yield per ha.(32.34t) was recorded in T3 (Biozyme@10ppm).ThesisItem Open Access Impact of biozymeon morpho-physiological traits associated with sink strength and optimization of rice (OryzaSativaL.) yield(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2020) Begam, Sakina; Kuruvanshi, V.B.; Guhey, Arti; Porte, S.S.; Saxena, R.R.; Tiwari, S.P.The present examination entitled " Impact of biozymeon morpho-physiological traits associated with sink strength and optimization of rice (OryzaSativaL.) yield " The research trial was conducted in Randomozed Block Design with seven treatment combinations consisting( T1- No treatment, RDF only i.e.120: 60 : 40 ) ,(T2- RDF+ biozyme granule@15 kg/ha at after 15 days of transplanting ),(T3- RDF+ biozyme grain @ 15 kg/ha at after 15 days of transplanting and tillering stage),(T4 -RDF+ biozyme grain @ 15 kg/ha at after 15 days of transplanting and tillering stage),(T5- RDF+ Biozyme granule @ 15 kg /ha at 15DAT and tillering stage+ 500 ml/ha at boot leaf stage),(T6- RDF+ Biozyme granule at after 15 days of transplanting + Amaze X Gr.@ 10 kg/ha at tillering stage),(T7- RDF+ Biozyme granule at 15DAT+ Amaze X Gr.@ 10 kg/ha @ 500 ml /ha at tillering stage+ Biozyme liquid at boot leaf stage) and replicated trice. Rajeshwari variety of Rice was used as used as test crop and transplanted on 11-08-2019 with 20 x 10 cm spacing The perceptions of morpho-physiological parameters like height of plant plant height at 35 and 60 DAT . no of tillers & productive tillers , dry matter accumulation at tillering, blooming & harvesting stage (gram/m2), (LAI), FLA (cm2) and biochemical attributes total photosynthetic pigment content, chlorophyll a and b (milligram per gram fresh weight) at flowering stage, amylase content in grain(%), , NPK level in grain and straw (kg/ha) and yield characteristics viz., panicle weight (gram/m2), number of panicle/m2, , total no.of filled grains/panicle ,total no. of unfilled grain/panicle , no of grains/panicle ,grain weight (1000 seed), and grain yield (kg/plot) were recorded under various biozyme formulation. Experimental findings revealed that highest morpho-physiological and biochemical parameters were observed under the application of ),(T4 -RDF+ biozyme grain @ 15 kg/ha at 15DAT and tillering stage), the highest N and P content observed in straw and grain under T4 but highest K content in grain recorded under T6. Obervation in yield attributes of rice were observed maximum no of panicle, panicle weight, filled grain and unfilled grain under application of (T4 -RDF+ biozyme grain @ 15 kg/ha at 15DAT and tillering stage), where as highest sterility percentage were observed under the application RDF only (T1). Highest number of grain / panicle ,(1000) seed weight, straw production and grain production were also observed under the application of (T4 -RDF+ biozyme grain @ 15 kg/ha at 15DAT and tillering stage), Therefore, application of 100% RDF+ biozyme grain @ 15 kg/ha at 15DAT and tillering stage) can be recommended for achieving best growth, yield and economics of kharif rice. All the parameters morpho-physiological, biochemical and yield parameters were influence the yield. Consequently, based on all above significant attributes the grains yield (14.01/plot) was recorded higher in T4 under (100% RDF+ biozyme grain @ 15 kg/ha at 15DAT and tillering stage) although, T5 (13.89 kg/plot) performed better under the application of (RDF+ Biozyme granule @ 15 kg /ha at 15DAT and tillering stage+ 500 ml/ha at boot leaf stage) over control (T1-(10.45kg/ha) (100%RDF only). As per the above proclamation, it might be inferred that association among genotypes and higher nitrogen level perform better contrasted with other treatment. Biozyme is a great growth and yield stimulents it affects the physiology and vegetative growth of plant. ”ThesisItem Open Access IMPACT OF DIFFERENT NITROoGEN LEVELS ON NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.) GENOTYPES(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2020) Verma, Seema; Kuruvanshi, V. B. .; Guhey, Arti; Nair, SunilThe present examination entitled "Impact of different nitrogen levels on nitrogen use efficiency in rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes" was done at Research cum Instructional Farm, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (C.G.) during kharif 2017. The eleven rice genotypes material was collected from Directorate of Rice Research Institute, Hyderabadalongwith one check variety Poorminafrom IGKV, Raipur and spread out in split plot design with 03 replications. The treatment was consisted with three prescribed portionof nitrogen i.e.0% recommended dose of nitrogen Control (T1), 50% prescribed portion of nitrogen (T2) and 100% prescribed portion of nitrogen (T3). The fertilizers were provideaccording to the prescribed portion (0:45:60, 50:45:60 and 100:45:60 kg/ ha) Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and potassiumprovideas DAP and first half portion of Nitrogen fertilizer was provide at 10-15 Day after transplanting, 2nd 25% portion at active tillering stage and 3rdportion of N was provide at PI. The prescribed portionof phosphorus and potassium fertilizers (45 P2O5, 60 K2O kg/ha) provide as basal dose.” The perceptions of morpho-physiological parameters like plant height(cm.) at tillering and blossoming stage, number of tillers/hill, number of productive tillers per hill, total dry matterat tillering, blooming and harvesting stage (gram/m2), leaf area index (LAI), flag leaf area(cm2) and biochemical parameters total chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a and b (milligram per gramfresh weight) at blooming, starch content in grain(%), protein content in grain (%), nitrogen content in grains (%), nitrogen content in leaves (%), nitrogen uptake (nitrogen g/m2) and yield characteristics viz., shoot weight (gram/m2), panicle weight (gram/m2) number of panicle/m2, no. of spikelet/m2, total number of filled grains/m2,total number of unfilled grain/m2, grain weight (1000 seed), grain yield (gram/m2), harvest index (%) and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE gram yield/gram Nitrogen) were recorded under various nitrogen levels. The morpho-physiological parameters were essentially affected by various nitrogen level anddisposesuperior under treated with 100 % recommended dose of nitrogen and furthermore found that biochemical properties were emphatically connected to expanding portions of nitrogen application. Finally, the yield traits and grain yield (g/m2) additionally has been increments with more elevated level of nitrogen. The most extreme plant height was recorded in genotype RNUE-11 at tillering and blossoming stage. Although, most extreme number of tillers recorded in RNUE-9 followed by RNUE-7. The quantity of profitable tillers per slope discovered altogether greatest in genotype RNUE-12. The maximum LAI was recorded in genotype RNUE-10 at tillering stage and genotype RNUE-9found maximum at blooming stage. The genotype RNUE-6 showed better leaf area index in all the treatment. The total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a and b were recorded most extreme in genotype RNUE-6, RNUE-10 and RNUE-1 contrasted with 0% RDN (Control).The maximum starch content (%) and protein content (%) was recorded in genotypeRNUE-12and genotype RNUE-5 respectively. The maximum nitrogen content (%) in grains was recorded in genotype RNUE-2 under 100% RDN (T3) and in leaves, it was recorded in genotype RNUE-3 under 100% RDN (T3). The maximum nitrogen uptake(nitrogen g/m2) was recorded in genotype RNUE-3 under 100% RDN (T3). The nitrogen use effecticiencyg/g N was achieved maximum in genotype RNUE-3 followed by RNUE-1 among all tested rice genotypes. All the parameters morpho-physiological, biochemical and yield parameters were influence the yield. Consequently, based on all above significant attributes the grains yield (g/m2) was recorded higher in RNUE-3 under (T3 100% RDN) although, genotype RNUE-9 performed better under (T250% RDN) and control (T1 0% RDN). As per the above proclamation, it might be inferred that association among genotypes and higher nitrogen level perform better contrasted with other treatment. Nitrogen nearly impact the vegetative development which was better to achieve higher grain yield.ThesisItem Open Access UNDERSTANDING THE PHENOLOGICAL, PHYSIOBIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR ASPECTS OF DROUGHT STRESS RESPONSES IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2020) Sahoo, Soumya Kumar; Guhey, Arti; Swain, Padmini; Katiyar, Pratibha; Saxena, R.R.; Verulkar, S.B.Among the abiotic stresses, drought (water stress) is considered as a complex axiom for rice yield under rainfed ecosystem. Repeated efforts have been taken to improve rice productivity but comprehensive approach is still needed to identify suitable donors for development of drought resilient high yielding rice.The present investigation was carried out at Institute Research Farm and Stress Physiology Laboratory of ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha in the year 2017 and 2018. Aset of twenty one rice genotypes including one tolerant check (Sahabhagidhan) and one susceptible check (IR20) was studied based on phenological, physio-biochemical and molecular aspects with the objective to identify an appropriate donor parents for further incorporation as a source of drought tolerance. Rice genotypes were grown under well-watered (WW) and water stress (WS) conditions in PVC pipes in a completely randomized design with three replications to fulfill the objective ofphenotyping of different root traits responsible for drought tolerance. It is very interesting to note that root and shoot traits showed greater plasticity under WS as compared to WW condition. The study of nine important root and shoot traits revealed maximum root length (MRL), shoot length (SL), root volume (RV), root dry weight (RDW), shoot dry weight (SDW),total dry weight (TDW) were reduced by 6.10%, 20.65%, 11.86%, 40.07%, 41.34% and 41.26% while, root to shoot dry weight ratio (RDW/SDW), root to total dry weight ratio (RDW/TDW),maximum root length to shoot length ratio (MRL/SL) increased by 6.05%, 3.17% and 18.06%respectively under WS over WW condition. The root and shoot phenotyping study confirmed superiority ofMahamaya, Safri 17, Sahabahagidhan, N22, Vanaprabha, Poornima, Satyabhama, Khandagiri, Anjali,Vandana and Danteshwariunder drought condition. To fullfill the objectiveof understanding the mechanism of drought tolerance based on photosynthesis and water related traits, genotypes were grown in pots under WW and WS conditions. Stress was imposed at flowering stage and important physiological and biochemical traits were measured to elucidate tolerant and susceptible genotypes. Overall, WS caused reduction in chlorophyll concentration (soil plant analysis development, normalized difference vegetative index), chlorophyll fluorescence parameters except initial fluorescence (maximum, variable, ratio of variable to maximum, ratio of variable to initial chlorophyll fluorescence, performance index), gas exchange parameters except intrinsic water use efficiency (photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, ratio of internal to ambient CO2), water related traits (relative water content, leaf water potential) while, canopy temperature and biochemical parameters (proline, protein content, total soluble sugar and antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase) were increased as compared to WW condition. Mahamaya, Sahabhagidhan, Safri 17, IBD-1 and Kalinga III showed relatively better performance while IR20 exhibited poor performance among the studied genotypes under water stress condition in terms of studied physiological and biochemical traits. The field experiment was design to evaluate the yield and yield attributesunder drought stress, during two dry seasons 2017 and 2018 in randomized block design with three replications under both WW and WS conditions. Water stress was imposed at vegetative (withheld irrigation for 30 days) and reproductive stages (maintained 17% soil moisture content). Seven genotypes (Mahamaya, Samleshwari, Poornima, IBD-1, Safri 17, Sahabhagidhan and N22) indicated their tolerance at vegetative stage through improved leaf rolling (LR), drought score (DS), drought recovery score (DRS) for both the seasons while, at reproductive stage nine genotypes (Mahamaya, Sahabahagidhan, Poornima, Samleshwari, Vandana, IBD 1, Satyabhama, Danteshwari and N22) exhibited superior performance in accordance to grain yield and yield attributes obtained from pooled data of both the seasons. Assessment of genetic diversity among the rice varieties using trait specific molecular markers was accomplishedwith 91 root trait specific SSR markers for the same set of genotypes. The results revealed 199 reproducible alleles from 91 SSR markers with 2 to 5 alleles per locus with an average of 2.19. RM336 detected the highest number(5) of alleles per locus. Major allele frequency (MAF) was ranged from 0.38 (RM336) to 0.95(RM223, RM438, RM576, RM 530and RM 1385) with a mean of 0.73. The mean PIC value was 0.30, with a minimum value of 0.09 (RM1385, RM530, RM576, RM438, and RM223) and a maximum value 0.64 (RM336). The gene diversity or expected heterozygosity (He) was varied from 0.09 (RM1385, RM530, RM576, RM438, RM223) to 0.69 (RM336) with an average of 0.37. The UPGMA dendrogram clustered the 21 rice genotypes into two major clusters, 1st group includes four genotypes viz., Virendra, Hazaridhan, Vanaprabha and N22 and 2nd group with 17 genotypes. The highest level of genetic dissimilarity (0.66) was found between Mahamaya and Virendra, followed by Danteshwari and Virendra (0.65), MTU 1010 and Virendra (0.63), IBD 1 and Virendra, and Samleshwari and Virendra (0.60). Since, Mahamaya, Sahabahagidhan,Safri 17, N22,Poornima, Samleshwari and Vandana have promising root traits and have performed superior at physiological and biochemical level. Under WS condition,higher MRL, RV, RDW, RWC, LWP, Fv/Fm, PI, Pn, gs, proline, protein, total soluble sugar and antioxidative enzyme activities suggested that these parameters have strong influence on higher grain yield under stress condition. As Mahamaya, Danteshwari, MTU 1010, IBD 1, Samleshwari had maximum genetic dissimilarity with Virendra, they can be used in breeding programme to develop drought tolerant varieties.ThesisItem Open Access IMPACT OF GROWTH HORMONES AND NUTRIENTS ON GROWTH, YIELD AND SHELF LIFE OF TOMATO (Lycopersicon esculantum Mill.)(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2019) Chandrakar, Bumika; Tiwari, S.P..; Guhey, Arti; Panigrahi, Hemant Kumar; Saxena, R.R.The present experiment was undertaken to study the Impact of Growth Hormones and Nutrients on Growth, Yield and Shelf life of Tomato ( Lycopersiconesculentum Mill.) at KVK farm, IGKV, Raipur (C.G) during rabi 2018 – 2019. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with six treatments and three replications and the tomato variety is Arkarakshak. treatments were given at different concentration of combinations of Growth Hormones and Nutrients (GA3 + NAA + Kinetin + Fe + Zn + Mn + B) The treatments were T1- 5ppm spray,T2-10ppm spray,T3-15ppm spray, T4-20ppm spray, T5-25ppm spray,T6- control.The data clearly showed that the maximum plant height (63.66cm), no. of leaves (101.44), no. of primary branches (4.07) and secondary branches (8.33) was recorded in (T3). Similarly the maximum leaf area (76.67cm2plant-1), leaf area index (3.20), absolute growth rate(1.20cm day-1), crop growth rate(0.064 g m-2 day-1), net assimilation rate (0.057g g-1 day-1) was recorded in (T3). In biochemical traits also this treatment (T3) exhibited more chlorophyll content (SPAD)(50.81), lycopene content (6.03mg/100g), ascorbic acid (17.80mg/100g), reducing sugar (1.53%), non-reducing sugar (1.71%), total soluble solid (4.83oBrix) similarly in phenological traits (T3) performs better in days to first flowering, (26.33days), days to 50% flowering (32.00), days to first fruiting (38.33days), no. of flower per cluster, (6.68). (T3) also had maximum yield attributesno. of fruits per cluster(5.38), fruit diameter (16.50cm),pericarp thickness (6.33mm), fruit weight (86gm), shelf life (16.67days), average fruit yield per plant (5.43kg)), yield (50.33t/ha.) was recorded in (T3).ThesisItem Open Access PHYSIOLOGICAL EVALUATUION OF ONION GENOTYPES UNDER WATERLOGGING CONDITION(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (C.G.), 2019) Dubey, Shambhavi; Kuruwanshi, V. B.; Ghodke, P. H.; Guhey, Arti; Mahajan, Vijay; Saxena, R. R.; Trivedi, JitendraThesisItem Open Access IDENTIFYING THE PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR BASIS OF PROLONGED (~3 WEEKS) SUBMERGENCE TOLERANCE IN RICE(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2019) Das, Biswaranjan; Katiyar, Pratibha; Chakraborty, Koushik; Khokhar, Dharmendra; Chandel, Girish; Shukla, SindhuRice is one of the major staple food crop in the world. It ensures livelihood security of the millions of people around the world, especially in economically weaker section of peoples of Asia.Though rice is a high water requiring crop, but excess water in the form of flash flood leads to severe damage to growth and productivity of rice. Due to increasing threat of climate change and erratic rainfall, the events of flash flood increased significantly leading to waterlogging conditions continuously for 2-3 weeks.The present study was conducted at National Rice Research Institute (NRRI), Cuttack, Odisha in collaboration with department of plant physiology,IGKV, Raipur to investigate the physiological strategies as well as the molecular factor(s) associated with prolonged (~3 weeks) submergence tolerance in the unique genotypes like AC42088, AC42087 and AC1303, which were having superior submergence tolerance ability beyond 2 weeks. Submergence stress of different durations viz. 10 days, 14 days, 18 days and 22 days showed differential survival ability in the studied genotypes. Both FR13A and Swarna-Sub1 showed significant reduction in survival rate beyond two weeks of stress. At the end of three weeks of submergence, AC42088 was having highest survival, followed by AC42087 and AC1303. Higher survival in these genotype was supported by very low increase in plant height and elongation ability.Leaf gas film and tissue porosity was done for 7 days. AC1303 was found to possess highest thickness of leaf gas film 29.39 µm, followed by AC42088 and they could retain the gas film up to 8 days of submergence, which is longer than FR13A or Swarna-Sub1. Although highest tissue porosity (51%) was observed in FR13A, but both AC1303 and AC42088 were having ~50% tissue porosity under normal condition. The leaf surface was found to be hydrophobic in all the genotypes under control condition, but the contact angle was much higher in AC1303, AC42088 and AC42087 (>125°) as compared to Swarna (116°) or IR42 (112°). The underwater retention of hydrophobicity was higher in AC1303 as compared to FR13A. Similarly, the epicuticular wax content was highest in AC1303 (21.61 µgm). We found a comparatively slower breakdown of carbohydrate and chlorophyll degradation in all the three superior genotype, although there was not much difference between the leaf starch content of FR13A and these genotypes. The expression analysis of SUB1A gene showed that massive induction of expression was observed in FR13A, but it was only ~135-fold in susceptible genotype IR42. Surprisingly, the expression of SUB1A gene was intermediate in AC1303, a genotype having better prolonged submergence tolerance ability than FR13A, which indicated that there might some other factors apart from SUB1 QTL in these genotypes contributing to their exceptional submergence tolerance behavior.ThesisItem Open Access EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT PROMISING RICE (Oryza sativa L.) GENOTYPES FOR NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY AND THEIR SINK POTENTIAL(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2018) Zhodape, Vinita; Khokhar, Dharmendra; Guhey, Arti; Verulkar, S.B.; Saxena, R.R.Present investigation entitled “Evaluation of different promising rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes for nitrogen use efficiency and their sink potential” was carried out during kharif season 2016-17 and 2017-18 at Research cum Instructional Farm and Department of Plant Physiology, Agricultural Biochemistry, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, IGKV, Raipur (C.G.). The experiment was done to explicit out the effectiveness of nitrogen level on morpho-physiological, growth and biochemical attributes of rice genotypes for efficient partioning and nitrogen use efficiency via evaluating them on the basis of growth and yield parameters. The experiment was conducted in split plot design replicated twice by using three main plots as a nitrogen levels (120 kg N, 80 kg N and 40 kg N/ha) and forty six sub plots as a rice genotypes in 2016-17 and twenty rice genotypes in 2017-18. Two plants were transplanted per hill with the distance of 15×20 cm. The morpho-physiological, growth, biochemical and yield parameters were taken at various phenological stages of growth and development. It was observed that, among the nitrogen treatments increased level of nitrogen (120 kg N/ha) recorded significantly increased values of vegetative growth in rice genotypes such as plant height, number of tillers plant-1, flag leaf are, specific leaf weight, specific leaf area, relative growth rate, net assimilation rate, crop growth rate, leaf area index and leaf area ratio due to efficient nitrogen use. Thus increased level of nitrogen also increased the phenological stages i.e. 50% flowering, and maturity except days to anthesis, which shows non significant differences in all the treatments due to high persistence of vegetative growth and increased level of chlorophyll. In the case of biochemical properties like protein content, starch content, chlorophyll content, SPAD value, nitrogen content, nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase and glutamate synthase significantly increases with higher level of nitrogen excluding glutamine synthetase enzyme. These parameters ultimately improved the biological and economical yield of the crop by increased yield attributing characters like maximum number of effective tillers plant-1, number of panicles, panicle length, panicles weight, number of filled grains, number of spikelets, 1000 grain weight, shoot weight, total dry matter at 50% flowering, total dry matter at maturity, nutrient uptake and harvest index. Maximum grain yield was observed in 120 kg N/ha. Spikelet sterility%, nitrogen use efficiency% and number of unfilled grains were minimum in this level of nitrogen. Nitrogen use efficiency depends primarily on management of nitrogen, one of the major essential nutrients. It is required in increased agricultural production and may possibly cause soil toxicity if fed in excess. Among the genotypes, DXD (124)-17-192 recorded the maximum grain yield followed by DXD (124)-17-193 and DXD (124)-3-28 even under application of minimum nitrogen level (40 kg N/ha). This indicated that maximum yield can be attributed to maximum growth parameters, more photosynthetic pigment, more biochemical traits, more tillers and panicles, more number of filled grains, maximum nutrient uptake and minimum spikelet sterility also found that better crop growth and higher yield components were associated with long duration genotypes resulted in higher grain yield of long duration genotypes than the short duration genotypes. From this study, it could be concluded that among the all genotypes, the genotypes DXD (124)-17-192, DXD (124)-17-193, DXD (124)-17-210, DXD (124)-3-28, DXD (124)-15-164, DXD (124)-11-133 and DXD (124)-9-91 recorded higher values of most of the morpho-physiological, growth and yield component characters as well as biochemical properties and resulted in significantly highest grain yield with high nitrogen use efficiency and low yield reduction percent in all the genotypes in the Chhattisgarh region.ThesisItem Open Access EVALUATION OF RICE (Oryza sativa L.) GENOTYPES FOR HIGH YIELD PRODUCTION UNDER UPLAND IRRIGATED CONDITIONS(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidhyalaya, Raipur, 2018) Chaudhary, Bipin Kumar; Katiyar, Pratibha; Kuruwanshi, V.B.; Porte, S.S.; Saxena, R.R.The present investigation was entitled “Evaluation of rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes for high yield production under upland irrigated conditions’’ carried out at Research cum Instructional Farm and Department of Plant Physiology, Agricultural Biochemistry, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, College of Agriculture, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur(C.G.) during Kharif season 2017-18. The objective of the study was toassess the morpho-physiological and yield attributes suitable for upland irrigated conditions inrice genotypes. Therefore, the experimentation was done via taking forty two genotypes of almost similar duration and they were transplanted in 20X20 cm (plant to plant and row to row distance) in Randomized Block Design (RBD) replicated thrice. The irrigation were given 9-10 times according to requirement of crop. The phenological observations (days to panicle initiation, days to 50% flowering and days to maturity), morpho-physiological observations [plant height, number of tillers/hill,number of productive tillers/hill, flag leaf area (FLA) (cm2), leaf area index (LAI), leaf weight (g/m2), stem weight (g/m2),leaf area ratio (cm2/g),specific leaf area (SLA) (cm2/g),specific leaf weight (SLW) (g/cm2),crop growth rate (CGR) (g/m2/day),apparent translocation rate (ATR),total dry matter at flowering & harvesting (g/m2) and relative water content (%)], biochemical parameters [chlorophyll meter (SPAD-Value), chlorophyll content a and b (mg/g fresh weight) were observed at various growth phases and protein content (%) and starch content (%)], soil water content and yield parameters [number of panicles/m2, panicle weight (g/m2), panicle length (cm), number of spikelets/panicle/m2, number of filled grains/panicle/m2, number of unfiled grains/panicle/m2, test weight (1000 seeds weight) (g), grain yield (g/m2) and harvest index (%)] were recorded at physical maturity. The correlation studies of morpho-physiological and yield attributes were also studied. It was observed that the morpho- physiological and yield parameters ie., CGR, leaf area, plant height and apparent translocation rate (ATR), panicle length also play significant contribution in economic yield. Genotype IET 26617 and IET 26615 having high grain yield also contained higher CGR, HI and panicle weight. The genotype Vandana and IET 26618 found to be poor performer regarding economic yield and they also possessed minimum filled grains, low CGR, low panicle length, low test weight and low HI. The correlation coefficient analysis revealed that grain yield exhibited positive significant correlation with total dry matter at maturity, panicle length, test weight, harvest index, crop growth rate, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, panicle weight and number of filled grains.
