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Open Access
EFFECT OF GROWING MEDIA AND PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS ON ROOT AND SHOOT GROWTH OF DRAGON FRUIT CUTTINGS
(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (C.G.), 2020) Minz, Varsha; Panigrahi, Hemant Kumar; Patel, Deepti; Tiwari, Alok; Saxena, R.R.
The experiment entitled “Effect of growing media and plant growth regulators on root and shoot growth of dragon fruit cuttings” was carried out during the year 2019-20 at Centre of Excellence on Protected Cultivation and Precision Farming, “Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, Chhattisgarh. The experiment was laid out in” Factorial Completely “Randomized Design and replicated three times with 12 treatment” combinations of two factors, first factor was media i.e. M1 – Soil : Sand : Cocopeat : FYM (2:1:1:1) and M2 – Soil : Sand : Cocopeat : Vermicompost (2:1:1:1) and the second factor was plant growth regulator i.e. IBA @ 5000 ppm, IBA @ 7000 ppm, “NAA @ 100 ppm, IBA” @ 5000 ppm + NAA @ 100 ppm, IBA @ 7000 “ppm + NAA” @ 100 and control. The study revealed significant difference among both media for different rooting and shooting parameters. Media, M2 – Soil : Sand : Cocopeat : Vermicompost (2:1:1:1) performed superior in all parameters viz. number of days taken to sprout initiation, average number of roots per cuttings, average length of root per cutting, root fresh weight, root dry weight, number of sprouts per cutting, length of shoot, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, survival percentage and root to shoot ratio. Among all plant growth regulator concentrations, IBA @ 7000 ppm was found to be the best with number of days taken to sprout initiation (35 days), average number of roots per cutting (18), average length of root per cutting (25.67 cm), root fresh weight (2.98 g), root dry weight (0.83 g), number of sprouts per cutting (1.72, 2.78, 3.64 and 4.22 at 30, 60, 90 and 120 DAP, respectively), length of shoot (9.42 cm, 12.78 cm and 18.28 cm at 60, 90 and 120 DAP respectively), shoot fresh weight (123.74 g), shoot dry weight (12.63 g), survival percentage (98.34%) and root to shoot ratio (0.93). The interaction effect of media and plant growth regulators was significant in almost all growth parameters except average number of root per cutting and number of sprouts per cutting. In the present investigation it can be concluded that the dragon fruit cuttings treated with IBA @ 7000 ppm, grown in media M2 containing Soil : Sand : Cocopeat : Vermicompost (2:1:1:1) gave maximum response on the root and shoot growth parameters.
Open Access
Studies on Effect of Different Growth Promoting Substances on Flowering, Fruiting, Yield and Quality Attributes of Ber (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk.)
(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (C.G.), 2020) Pradhan, Akash; Sharma, G.L.; Bisen, Abay; Panigrahi, H.K.; Soni, Ravindra; Saxena, R.R.
The present investigation entitled “studies on effect of different growth promoting substances on flowering, fruiting, yield and quality attributes of Ber (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk.)” was conducted at Dry Land Horticultural farm Suragi, Pt. Shiv Kumar Sashtry College of Agriculture and Research Station, Rajnandgaon, IGKV, Raipur (C.G.) during the year 2019-20. This experiment was conducted to assess the influence of foliar application of different growth promoters on flowering , fruit set , fruit retention, fruit drop, yield and quality parameter of ber (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk.) cv. Apple Ber. Total 16 Treatments viz. Urea (1, 2, 3%), GA3 (10, 25, 40 ppm), NAA (10, 30, 50 ppm), 2-4, D (5, 10, 15 ppm), Humic acid (1, 1.5, 2%) with 3 replication were applied in RBD design. The result revealed that maximum initial fruit set (3711), fruit retention (24.92%) and minimum fruit drop (75.07%) were recorded with NAA 50 ppm. Highest fruit yield (37.62kg/ Plant) produced with 40ppm GA3 over control (18.35 kg/Plant). The quantitative character of fruits i.e. maximum volume (49.57cc), length (4.78cm), diameter (4.74mm), fruit weight (50.99g), pulp weight (46.45g) found with 40ppm GA3. The minimum stone weight (2.75g) observed with Urea @ 1%. The maximum peel thickness obtained with humic acid 2%. The qualitative character i.e. TSS (12.9 0Brix), ascorbic acid (87.46mg/100g), reducing sugar (4.82 %), non- reducing sugar(7.313 %), Total sugar (12.13%) observed maximum and minimum acidity (0.43%) with the application of GA3 @ 40ppm.
Open Access
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT PRE-SOWING SEED TREATMENTS ON SEED GERMINATION AND SEEDLING GROWTH PARAMETERS OF PAPAYA (Carica papayaL.)
(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (C.G.), 2020) Lanjhiyana, Ravishankar; Sahu, G.D.; Panigrahi, H.K.; Katiyar, Pratibha; Saxena, R.R.
The present investigation entitled “Effect of different pre-sowing seed treatments on seed germination and seedling growth parameters of papaya (Carica papaya L.)” was conducted under protected conditions during the year 2018 and 2019 in net house, located at Intructional cum Research Farm,College of Agriculture and Research Station, (IGKV), Bemetara District of Chhattisgarh. The experiment was conducted under completely randomized design (CRD) replicated thrice. The treatments were applied in combination of 20 polybags in each treatment and 1020 bags in a three replications. The results showed that the treatment T11 (150 ppm GA3 + 12 hours + Azotobacter) gave significantly higher emergence rate (79.38%), highest germination (94.17%) and least time required for germination (6.83 days).The treatment T11 (150 ppm GA3 + 12 hours + Azotobacter) was found best and significantly superior for the growth of papaya saplings as it gave the maximum growth parameters in terms of stem girth (1.72 mm, 1.88 mm, 3.88 mm and 4.84 mm at 15, 30, 45 and 60 DAS, respectively), length of shoot (13.85 cm, 18.32cm, 22.14cm and 28.38 cm at 15, 30, 45 and 60 DAS, respectively) and at 60 days after seed sowing, height of sapling (41.87 cm), number of roots (18.65), length of root (13.46 cm), fresh weight of root (2.88 g), dry weight of sapling (2.76 g), seedling vigour index-I (3939.83) and seedling vigour index-II (259.61). Whereas, T15 (seed soaking with cow urine 10 (%)+ 12 hours + Azotobacter) gave maximum number of leaves (4.48, 7.58, 12.02 and 12.83 at 15, 30, 45 and 60 DAS, respectively) and 60 days after seed sowing, fresh weight of shoot (18.50), fresh weight of sapling (21.31 g) and root : shoot ratio (1.07). The treatment T11 (150 ppm GA3 + 12 hours + Azotobacter) gave highest benefit- cost ratio of papaya saplings (1.60).
Open Access
INFLUENCE OF PRE–SOAKING CHEMICALS ON GERMINATION AND SUBSEQUENT SEEDLING GROWTH OF PAPAYA (Carica papaya L.) cv. RED LADY UNDER NET HOUSE CONDITION
(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (C.G.), 2020) Xalxo, Nidhi; Panigrahi, Hemant Kumar; Sharma, G.L.; Tiwari, S.P.; Saxena, R.R.
The present investigation entitled “Influence of pre-soaking chemicals on germination and subsequent seedling growth of papaya (Carica papaya L.) cv. Red Lady under net house condition” was carried out during the year 2019-20 at Centre of Excellence on Protected Cultivation and Precision Farming, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, Chhattisgarh employing Completely Randomized Design having nine treatments replicated three times. The treatments consisted nine different pre-soaking chemicals viz. T0: Control (water), T1: Gibberellic Acid @ 100 ppm, T2: Gibberellic Acid @ 200 ppm, T3: Potassium Nitrate @ 0.5%, T4: Potassium Nitrate @ 1%, T5: Benzyladenine @ 50 ppm, T6: Benzyladenine @ 100 ppm, T7: Thiourea @ 1000 ppm, T8: Thiourea @ 2000 ppm. The experiment was performed on papaya crop cv. Red Lady with different pre-soaking chemicals on papaya seed under net house condition. Pre-soaking of papaya seeds with GA3 @ 200 ppm had significant effect on seed germination and took minimum number of days for germination (15.13 days). Rate of seedling emergence (80.66%), germination percentage (82.32%) and germination index (2.29) was also recorded maximum under the same treatment as compared to all other treatments under the present investigation. The height of papaya sapling (60.47 cm), number of leaves per plant (9.05), length of shoots (12.47 cm) and seedling vigour index-I (1425.40) was significantly influenced and recorded maximum under the treatment T7 (Thiourea @ 1000 ppm) as compared to rest of the treatment under the present trial. Pre-soaking of papaya seeds with GA3 @ 200 ppm had significant effect on different growth parameters and recorded maximum stem girth (5.72 mm), fresh weight of shoot (12.99 g), dry weight of shoot (2.03 g), primary roots per plant (8.82), secondary roots per plant (76.35), fresh weight of root (3.62 g), dry weight of roots (0.38 g), fresh weight of sapling (16.38 g), dry weight of sapling (2.45 g), root: shoot ratio on dry weight (0.26 g) and seedling vigour index-II (202.23) as compared to all other treatments, while minimum was recorded under control.
Open Access
EFFECT OF PHYTO BIO-REGULATORS ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF PAPAYA CV. RED LADY
(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (C.G.), 2020) Dubey, Saket; Sahu, G. D.; Kumar, Vijay; Tiwari, Alok; Saxena, Ravi R.
Open Access
STUDIES ON COMPARATIVE RESPONSE OF BIOFERTILIZERS, Trichoderma & IBA ON CUTTING PROPOGATION OF MULBERRY (Morusalba L.) UNDER SHADE NET
(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (C.G.), 2020) Khuntey, Pratibha; Sharma, G.L.; Patel, Deepti; Dash, Diptimayee; Saxena, R.R.
The present experimentation entitled “Studies on comparative response of biofertilizers, Trichoderma and IBA on cutting propogation of mulberry (Morus alba L.) under shade net” was conducted at nursery, Horticulture Farm, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (C.G.), during the period of 2019-2020. The present experiment was conducted to assess the effect of different growth regulators, biofertilizers and bio-control agents. The experiment was laid down in completely randomized design with ten treatments and three replication, and each treatment consisted of ten cuttings. Out of ten treatments one treatment of IBA (3000 ppm) three treatment of combination of biofertilizer and one treatment of Trichoderma. As regards biofertilizers three treatment combination are Azotobactor (10-8cfu/ml), Azospirillum (10-8cfu/ml), PSB (10-8cfu/ml) as quick deep treatment and three treatment of combination are Azotobactor, Azospirillum and PSB @ 5% of rooting media. In case of biocontrol agents one treatment of Trichoderma @ 5% of rooting media. The observations of experiment were recorded on different shooting and rooting parameters to reveal effect of various treatments. The result revealed that the minimum day taken to start first sprouting (5.6) and 50 percent of sprouting (20.33), highest percentage of success of cuttings (89.33%), maximum number of shoots (4.33), maximum number of leaves (6.66), total maximum number of leaves (11.33), maximum number of roots(21.66), highest survival percentage (81.66%), longest root length (20.66cm), maximum diameter (2.33mm), fresh weight of root (3.83g) and dry weight (61.66%) were recorded under IBA 3000 ppm which were significantly higher in all other treatments followed by IBA 2500 ppm and Trichoderma. As regard biofertilizers the minimum day taken to start first sprouting and 50 percent of sprouting, highest percentage of success of cuttings, maximum number of shoot, leaves, total leaves, root, survival percentage, longest root length, maximum diameter, fresh weight and dry weight are observed in PSB which are significantly higher to Azotobactor and Azospirillum. In case of biocontrol agents first sprouting and 50 percent of sprouting, highest percentage of success of cuttings, maximum number of shoot, leaves, total leaves, root, survival percentage, longest root length maximum diameter, fresh weight and dry weight are observed in Trichoderma which are significantly higher to control. The best shooting and rooting parameter was obtained from IBA 3000 ppm concentration.
Open Access
EFFECT OF FOLIAR APPLICATION OF GROWTH REGULATORS AND NUTRIENTS ON FRUIT RETENTION, YIELD AND QUALITY OF ACID LIME(Citrus aurantifoliaSwingle)
(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (C.G.), 2020) Sapaha, Yamini; Kumar, Vijay; Huchche, A.D.; Sharma, G.L.; Tiwari, Alok; Saxena, R.R.
A field study was carried out on the effects of foliar application of growth regulators and nutrients on fruit retention, yield and quality of acid lime (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) on seven years old acid lime trees cv. Phule Sharbati with thirteen treatments involving combinations of jasmonic acid (JA) at 1, 2 and 3 ppm, brassinosteroids (BR) at 5, 10 and 15 ppm, GA3 and 2,4 -D each at 15 ppm and urea, KNO3 and KH2PO4 each at 1% along with untreated control in a randomized block design subjected to three replications sprayed at three consecutive months at monthly interval after anthesis in Ambiabahar(spring flowering crop). Results indicated that jasmonic acid at 3 ppm showed significantly better performance in fruit set (20.98 %), fruits per plants (1234), yield (62.02 kg/plant), fruit breadth (31.36 mm), fruit juice contents (46.16 %), fruit volume (52.65 cc) and titratable acidity (7.50 %)significantly over untreated control. The treatment GA3 15 ppm + urea 1% showed notable influence on fruit length (35.20 mm),maximum number of seeds fruits-1 (11.15) and biochemical parameters viz. TSS (7.70 %), ascorbic acid (30.10 mg/100 g), total sugars (1.23 %) and reducing sugars (0.72 %). The combined application of 2,4-D 15 ppm+ KNO3 1% recorded maximum fruit retention (62.12 %), minimum fruit drop (37.88 %).The graded yield was influenced by growth regulators alone and with nutrients viz., jasmonic acid 3ppm, 2,4-D 15 ppm+ urea 1% and brassinosteroids 5 ppm having maximum percentage of fruit weight grade A (37.12 %), B (48.46 %) and C (48.27 %) respectively. However, three spray applications of BR 15 ppm at petal fall, fruit development and fruit maturation stages notably increased the fruit weight (52.36 g) over control (36.97 g). Overall results suggested that plant regulators in combination with nutrients could be a promising tool to increase qualitative and quantitative variables in acid lime.
Open Access
EFFECT OF INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF GUAVA VARIETIES IN THE RAJNANDGAON DISTRICT OF CHHATTISGARH PLAIN
(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2020) Parihar, Nikhil; Paikra, M.S.; Deshmukh, U.B.; Ramteke, L.K.; Saxena, R.R.
ABSTRACT The Field-experiment entitled "Effect of integrated nutrient management on growth, yield and quality of guava varieties in the Rajnandgaon district of Chhattisgarh plain" was carried out in the mrigbahar of 2019-20 at the Horticulture Farm, Bharregaon, under Pt. K.L. Shukla College of Horticulture and Research Station, Rajnandgaon, Chhattisgarh. The field experiment was laid out in FRBD (Factorial randomized block design) which contain 24 treatments with 3 replications, there were two factors having 4 varieties and 6 level of INM. The objective was to study the effect of organic manures, inorganic fertilizers, biofertilizers and their combinations on growth, yield and quality of guava another objective was to find out the most suitable variety of guava in ultra high density for Chhattisgarh plain and last objective is to find out the most appropriate cost effective treatment combination for integrated nutrient management in guava. The result revealed that treatment combination of V4N3 (Lalit + 75% RDF + 10 kg FYM+ 2.5kg vermicompost + 50 gm Azotobacter) was found significantly superior in the growth parameter like plant height(263.7 cm), trunk girth (7.47 cm), canopy spread (N-S) (1.35 m), (E-W) (1.55 m) and yield attributes like no. of fruits per plant(45.79), fruit yield per plant (5963.05 g), yield per hectare (298.15 q) were found superior in the where else most of the quality parameter like TSS (13.84 0Brix), ascorbic acid(246.71 mg/100 g) and total sugar (9.16%) were found superior in treatment combination of V3N3 (Shweta + 75% RDF + 10 kg FYM+ 2.5kg vermicompost + 50 gm Azotobacter) The result also revealed that for ultra high density in Chhattisgarh plain variety Lalit was found most superior for most of the growth parameter like plant height (244.5 cm), trunk girth(7.00 cm), canopy spread (N-S) (1.24 m), (E-W) (1.44 m), flowering parameter like no. of flower per shoot (32.37), yield parameter like no. of fruits per plant (38.71), fruit yield per plant (4477.56 g), yield per hectare (223.87 q) whereas in quality parameter Shweta was found to be most superior in most of the quality parameter like TSS (13.00 0Brix, ascorbic acid (230.54 mg/100 g) and total sugar (8.74 %). The result also revealed that most cost effective treatment combination for integrated nutrient management in guava was (Lalit + 75% RDF + 10 kg FYM+ 2.5kg vermicompost + 50 gm Azotobacter) like gross return (Rs. 596395.20), net return (Rs. 481477.20) and B:C ratio (1:4.19).
Open Access
STANDARDIZATION OF RECIPE FOR PREPARATION OF BEVERAGES (RTS, NECTAR) OF DRAGON FRUIT
(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2020) Dansena, Sonia; Sharma, Shishir Prakash; Sharma, H.G.; Ramteke, Lalit Kumar; Saxena, R.R.
The current investigatory work entitled “Studies on Standardization of recipe for preparation of beverages (RTS, Nectar) of dragon fruit” was executed at Pomology Laboratory, Department of Pomology, Pt K.L.S. CHRS, Pendri ,Rajnandgaon, IGKV ,Raipur, Chhattisgarh during year 2019-2020. The research was performed on Physico-morphological features of dragon and analysis of chemical variation and sensory analysis of RTS and Nectar of dragon fruit at fortnight meantime for course of 45 days preservation by implementing CRD with 3 replication inside lab condition. Each replication comprised of 7 treatments for RTS and Nectar individually. The RTS comprise of 10 percent pulp and 0.3 percent acidity and recipe is varied by different concentration of TSS which are as follows for T1 (9 percent TSS), T2 (10 percent TSS) ,T3 (11 percent TSS), T4 (12 percent TSS), T5 (13 percent TSS), T6 (14 percent TSS), T7 (15 percent TSS). And the nectar comprise of 20 percent pulp and 0.3 percent acidity and receipe is varied by different concentration of TSS which are as follows for T1 (16 percent TSS), T2 (17 percent TSS) ,T3 (18 percent TSS), T4 (19 percent TSS), T5 (20 percent TSS), T6 (21%TSS), T7 (22 percent TSS). The Result shows that the fruits average weight is 434.10 g, fruit pulp average weight is 310.21 g, fruit peel average weight is 104.79 g, fruit pulp to peel ratio is 2.95, fruit edible index is 71.97,fruit inedible index is 27.93 and the length and girth of fruit is 11.3 cm and 6.6 cm respectively. And the fruit’s color and shape are red and oval respectively. The RTS with treatment T7 comprising of 10% pulp,0.3% acidity and 15% TSS got peak score on colour, flavour ,taste, appearance and overall acceptability among various recipe implemented. While it also obtained peak score in Total soluble solids, ascorbic acid, TSS Acid ratio, TS and RS ,while NR sugar and acidity was least for treatment T7 comprising of 10 Percent pulp,0.3Percent acidity and 15% TSS . Acidity and NR sugar got peak score in case of treatment T1 comprising of 10% pulp, 0.3% acidity and 9% TSS. Similarly Nectar with treatment T7 comprising of 20% pulp, 0.3% acidity and 22% TSS got peak score on colour, flavour ,taste ,appearance and overall acceptability among various recipe implemented.While it also obtained peak score in TSS, ascorbic acid, TSS Acid ratio, TS and RS is peak ,while acidity and NR sugar was least for treatment T7 comprising of 20% pulp,0.3% acidity and 22% TSS .NR sugar, and acidity got peak score in case of treatment T1 comprising of 20% pulp,0.3% acidity and 16% TSS. The organoleptic score ,pH, NR sugar and TSS acid ratio shows diminishing pattern whereas TSS, acidity, ascorbic acid ,TS and RS shows rising pattern. The peak expenditure of production, least net return and BC ratio of both RTS and nectar was of treatment T7 and least expenditure of production, peak net return and BC ratio of both RTS and nectar was of treatment T1.

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