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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT IN UTERALINSEED(Linum usitatissimumL.)THROUGH FOLIAR APPLICATION OFWATER SOLUBLE FERTILIZERS
    (Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (C.G.), 2020) Singh, Mahendra Pal; Tuteja, S.S.; Dwivedi, S.K.; Tiwari, Alok; Saxena, R.R.; Khokhar, D.
    A field experiment entitled ʻʻNutrient management in utera linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) through foliar application of water soluble fertilizers” was conducted during winter (rabi) season of 2019-20 at Instructional cum Research Farm, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, Chhattisgarh. The experiment was carried out in Randomized Block Design with three replications with an objective to observe the effect of foliar application of water soluble fertilizers on linseed growth, yield attributes, yield and oil content. The soil of experimental field was clayey (Vertisol) nature with low, medium and high in available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, respectively. The climate of the region is sub humid and semiarid. The treatments involved different water soluble fertilizers varied with concentration and combination applied at vegetative and reproductive stage of linseed, the treatments were foliar spray of 1.0 % N P K 19:19:19 at 45 and 65 DAS (Days After Sowing) (T1), foliar spray of 1.0 % N P K 13:0:45 at 45 and 65 DAS (T2), foliar spray of 2.0 % Urea at 45 and 65 DAS (T3), foliar spray of 0.5 % ZnSO4 at 45 and 65 DAS (T4), foliar spray of 0.3 % Borax at 45 and 65 DAS (T5), foliar spray of 1.0 % N P K 19:19:19 + 0.5 % ZnSO4 at 45 and 65 DAS (T6), foliar spray of 1.0 % N P K 13:0:45 + 0.5 % ZnSO4 at 45 and 65 DAS (T7), foliar spray of 2.0 % Urea +0.5 % ZnSO4 at 45 and 65 DAS (T8), foliar spray of 1.0 % N P K 19:19:19 + 0.3 % Borax at 45 and 65 DAS (T9), foliar spray of 1.0 % N P K 13:0:45 + 0.3 % Borax at 45 and 65 DAS (T10), foliar spray of 2.0 % Urea + 0.3 % Borax at 45 and 65 DAS (T11), foliar spray of 0.5 % ZnSO4 + 0.3 % Borax at 45 and 65 DAS (T12) and foliar spray of water at 45 and 65 DAS (Control) (T13). On 10th November 2019 the linseed variety RLC-92 was sown as a test crop and harvested on 05th March 2020 with a seed rate of 40 kg ha-1 with a recommended nutrient dose was 20 kg ha-1 N. The results of the experiment illustrated that comparison with foliar application of water soluble fertilizers influenced crop growth and development. Growth attributes i.e., plant height, number of branches, leaf area, dry matter accumulation, yield and yield attributes i.e., number of capsules plant-1, number of seeds capsule-1, and seed yield of linseed were recorded maximum under application of foliar spray of 1.0 % N P K 13:0:45 + 0.3 % Borax at 45 and 65 DAS (T10) over rest of the treatments. This treatment followed by foliar spray of 1.0 % N P K 19:19:19 + 0.3 % Borax at 45 and 65 DAS (T9) and foliar spray of 1.0 % N P K 13:0:45 + 0.5 % ZnSO4 at 45 and 65 DAS (T7), regarding yield and yield attributes. The minimum values of above attributes were observed under foliar spray of water at 45 and 65 DAS (Control) (T13). The highest gross return (Rs 26060 ha-1), net retun (Rs. 14501 ha-1) and B: C ratio (2.27) was computed with the application of foliar spray of 1.0 % N P K 13:0:45 + 0.3 % Borax at 45 and 65 DAS (T10), followed by foliar spray of 1.0 % N P K 19:19:19 + 0.3 % Borax at 45 and 65 DAS (T9). Hence foliar response of major and micronutrient viz. N P K (13:0:45 and 19:19:19) along with Boron (Borex) found effective in terms of yield and economics under utera linseed under Chhattisgarh plain condition.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MANAGEMENT OF Alternanthera spp. IN RICE (Oryza sativa) THROUGH DIFFERENT PRE AND POST EMERGENCE HERBICIDES
    (Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (C.G.), 2020) Manisha; Chitale, Shrikant; Kumar, Sunil; Tiwari, Alok; Saxena, R.R.; Tripathi, Vivek
    The present investigation entitled “Management of Alternanthera spp. in rice (Oryza sativa) through different pre and post emergence herbicides” was conducted during the Kharif 2019 “at Research cum Instructional Farm, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur,” Chhattisgarh. The experiment was consisted ten treatments and replicated three times in randomized block design (RBD) viz. pretilachlor 750 g/ha, bispyribac Na 25 gram per hactare, fenoxaprop-p-ethyl 56.25 gram per hactare, cyhalofop-butyl 80 gram per hactare, penoxsulam 1.02 + cyhalofop butyl 5.1, 135 gram per hactare, penoxsulam 22.5 gram per hactare, metsulfuronmethyl 4 gram per hactare, 4-D ethyl Ester 750 gram per hactare, weed free (HW) at 20, 40 and 60 days after sowing and weedy check. The test rice variety was “Indira Rajeshwari (IGKV R 1)” was line sown with 20 cm distance of a row to row on 8th July, 2019 and harvested on 17th November, 2019.” The results of experiment revealed that highest value of growth parameters of rice and yield attributed were significantly observed in the 3HW treatment, among the weed management treatments. The application of penoxsulam+cyhalofop –butyl 135 gram per hactare, penoxsulam 22.5 gram per hactare and bispyribac Na 25 gram per hactare, 2,4-D ethyl 750 gram per hactare, metsulfuronmethyl 4 gram per hactare “increased the grain yield of rice” and significantly over the weedy check. “The effects of the treatment remained non-significant in plant population, test weight and harvest index. Among the herbicides, the application of penoxsulam+cyhalofop-butyl 135 gram per hectare allowed the lowest weed density, relative weed density, weed dry matter, weed index. The weed control efficiency was also highest under the application of penoxsulam+cyhalop 135 gram per hactare which was at par with the weed free treatment.” The most dominant weed in experimental field was Alternanthera sessilis based on the weed data collected on different growth species. The maximum net return was noted under penoxsulam + cyhalofop-butyl 135 g/ha followed by penoxsulam 22.5 gram per hactare, bispyribac Na 25 gram per hactare and 2,4-D ethyl ester 750 gram per hactare and the minimum net return under weedy check treatment. The highest B:C ratio was observed under the application of under penoxsulam 22.5 g gram per hactare and bispyribac Na 25 gram per hactare followed by penoxsulam+cyhalofop–butyl 135 gram per hactare.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    WEED MANAGEMENT IN RABI TOMATO (Solanumlycopersicum L.)UNDER ORGANIC PRODUCTION SYSTEM
    (Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (C.G.), 2020) Nag, Anchal; Gupta, V.K.; Pandey, N.; Choudhary, Tapas; Saxena, R.R.; Bhambri, M.C.
    The present investigation was carried out during rabi 2019 at Instructional Cum Research Farm, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur(C.G.), to know the best weed management practices entitled “ Weed management in rabi tomato under organic production system” the above research was conducted in R. B. D. plot layout with 3 replications during the year 2019-2020 at Rabi season. Nine weed management practices were used for the treatments. The treatment details are established with the help. The experimental soil was classified as "Vertisol" in texture which is locally called as Kanhar soil. It is deeper and blackess in colour having more water holding capacity. The soil responded neutrally and had low levels of nitrogen, medium phosphorous and high levels of potassium. The treatments constituted with nine weed management W1(Hand weeding at 20, 40, 60 and 80 DAT ), W2 (Mechanical weeding twice at 20 and 40 DAT + one hand weeding at 60 DAT), W3 (Intercropping with cowpea 1:1), W4 (Stale seed bed + reduced spacing (upto25%)+ mulching with paddy straw + one hand weeding at 20 DAT) and W5 (Weed mulching + one hand weeding at 20 DAT), W6 (Incorporation of neem cake 15 DBT @ 5 tonnes/ha + one hand weeding at 20 DAT), W7 (Two hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAT, W8 (Mulching with waste polythene bags (ITK)), W9 (Weedy check). Among the effect of various weed management practices the significantly higher yield under the W4 (stale seed bed + reduced spacing (up to 25%) + mulching with paddy straw + hand weeding at 20 DAT) which was found at par with mulching with waste polythene bags (ITK-practices), W1 (hand weeding at 20, 40 , 60 and 80 DAT) and W2 (mechanical weeding twice at 20 and 40 DAT+ one hand weeding at 60 DAT). As regards to the effect of various weed management practices the W4(stale seed bed + reduced spacing (up to 25%) + mulching with paddy straw + hand weeding at 20 DAT). W1(hand weeding at20, 40, 60 and 80 DAT) treatment showed maximum weed control efficiency (89.73%) and minimum weed index which was followed byW8 {mulching with waste polythene bags (ITK-practices)}, W1(hand weeding at 20, 40, 60 and 80 DAT), and W2(Mechanical weeding twice at 20 and 40 DAT + one hand weeding at 60 DAT). The yield was positively related to percent reduction of weed density, biomass and weed control efficiency.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON AGRONOMIC BIOFORTIFICATION OF HIGH PROTEIN RICE FOR YIELD AND QUALITY
    (Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (C.G.), 2020) Kujur, Sangeeta; Tandon, Ambika; Poonam, Annie; Banjara, G.P.; Saxena, R.R.; Basak, Nabaneeta
    Experiment entitled “Studies on agronomic biofortification of high protein rice for yield and quality” was carried out during the wet season (Kharif) of 2017 and 2018 and dry season (Summer) of 2018 and 2019 at Research cum Instructional Farm of the National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack (Odisha). In kharif season, first experiment consisted of three planting time (Main plot) and five nitrogen management (Sub plot) laid out a split - plot design with three replications. Three planting time were P1: Early planting 15 days before normal planting (July), P2: Normal planting (July-August) and P3: 15 days after normal planting (August) and five nitrogen management treatment were N1: 100 % RDN (100:50:50 kg ha-1) in 3 splits (1/3+1/3+1/3), N2- 100 % RDN in 3 splits (1/2+1/4+1/4), N3- 150 % RDN in 3 splits (1/3+1/3+1/3), N4- 150 % RDN in 3 splits (1/2+1/4+1/4) and N5- Control (No nitrogen). In summer season, second experiment was consisted two irrigation management in main plots (I1: Irrigation of ± 2 cm (Ponded water) and I2: Irrigation at hair line crack stage), six nitrogen levels (N1: Control (No Nitrogen), N2: 60 kg ha-1, N3: 80 kg ha-1, N4: 100 kg ha-1, N5:120 kg ha-1 and N6: 150 kg ha-1) and two rice varieties (V1- CR Dhan 310, V2- Naveen) in sub sub - plots laid out a split - split plot design with three replications. Rice variety CR Dhan 311 in first experiment, and CR Dhan 310 and Naveen in second experiment were taken as test crop during the course of investigations. The soil of the experimental field was sandy loam in texture. The available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content were 245 kg N ha-1 (Low), 22 kg P2O5 ha-1 (Medium) and 120 kg K2O ha-1 (Medium), respectively. Results revealed that all the growth parameters and yield attributes as well as grain yield, straw yield, available nutrients (N, P, K, Fe, Mn and Zn), nutrients uptake (N, P, K, Fe, Mn and Zn), protein, head rice recovery, amylose contents, gross returns, net returns and returns per rupee investment were significantly higher with late planting (August) (P3) followed by normal planting (July-August) (P2) and early planting (July) (P1) ) during 2018, 2019 and in pooled data. Minimum growth parameters and yield attributes as well as grain yield, straw yield, available nutrients, nutrients uptake, head rice recovery, amylose contents, net returns and returns per rupee investment was recorded with early planting (July) (P1) during 2017 and in pooled data, and normal planting (July) (P2) during 2018 of wet season. Among the different nitrogen management the examination of data revealed that higher plant height, leaf area, plant dry weight, root dry weight and yield attributes of high protein rice viz. effective tillers m-2, panicle weight, filled grain panicle-1, grain yield, straw yield, available nutrients (N, P, K, Fe, Mn and Zn), nutrient uptake by high protein rice (N, P, K, Fe, Mn and Zn), protein content, quality parameters, net returns and returns per rupee investment were recorded with application of 150 % RDN in 3 splits (1/2+1/4+1/4) (N4), which was at par with 150 % RDN in 3 splits (1/3+1/3+1/3) (N3) during 2017, 2018 and in pooled data. Minimum plant growth parameters, effective tillers, panicle length, panicle weight, grain and straw yield, available nutrient, and nutrient uptake by high protein rice (Grain and straw), protein content, quality parameters, net returns and returns per rupee investment were recorded with control (No nitrogen) during 2017, 2018 and in pooled data of wet season. The growth parameters, yield attributes, grain yield, straw yield, available nutrient, nutrient uptake by high protein rice, protein content, quality parameters, net returns and returns per rupee investment were significantly influenced by irrigation management, nitrogen level and variety. Higher plant height, leaf area, plant dry weight, root dry weight and yield attributes viz. effective tillers m-2, panicle weight, filled grains as well as grain and straw yield, available nutrients (N, P, K, Fe, Mn and Zn), nutrient uptake by high protein rice (N, P, K, Fe, Mn and Zn), quality parameters, net returns and returns per rupee investment was recorded with irrigation of ± 2 cm (Ponded water) and followed by irrigation at hair line crack stage (Maximum tillering and heading stage) during 2018, 2019 and in pooled data. Among the nitrogen management treatments, application of 100 kg N ha-1 were recorded significantly higher effective tillers, panicle weight, test weight, grain yield and available nutrients, nutrient uptake by high protein rice grain (N, P, K, Fe, Mn and Zn), hulling percent, milling percent, volume expansion ratio, kernel expansion ratio, amylose, gross returns, net returns and returns per rupee investment, which was at par with application of nitrogen 120 kg ha-1 during both years and in pooled data. Higher growth parameters, available N, N uptake by straw (N, P, K, Fe, Mn and Zn), and protein content were recorded with 150 kg N ha-1, which was at par with 120 kg N ha-1 and 100 kg N ha-1 during 2018, 2019 and in pooled data. Among the varieties, at all growth intervals growth parameters, effective tillers m-2, panicle weight, grain and straw yield, available nutrients, nutrient uptake by high protein rice, protein content, quality parameters, net returns and returns per rupee investment higher was recorded with variety CR Dhan 310 followed by Naveen during both the years as well as in pooled data.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    WEED MANAGEMENT IN RABI TOMATO (Solanum lycopersicum L.) UNDER ORGANIC PRODUCTION SYSTEM
    (Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2020) Nag, Anchal; Gupta, V.K.
    WEED MANAGEMENT IN RABI TOMATO (Solanum lycopersicum L.) UNDER ORGANIC PRODUCTION SYSTEM. Nine weed management practices were used for the treatment.Details is given established with the help. The experimental soil was classified as "Vertisol" in texture which is locally called as Kanhar soil. It is deeper and blackess in colour having more water holding capacity. The soil responded neutrally and had low levels of nitrogen, medium phosphorous and high levels of potassium. The treatments constituted with nine weed management W1(Hand weeding at 20, 40, 60 and 80 DAT ), W2 (Mechanical weeding twice at 20 and 40 DAT + one hand weeding at 60 DAT), W3 (Intercropping with cowpea 1:1), W4 (Stale seed bed + reduced spacing (upto25%)+ mulching with paddy straw + one hand weeding at 20 DAT) and W5 (Weed mulching + one hand weeding at 20 DAT), W6 (Incorporation of neem cake 15 DBT @ 5 tonnes/ha + one hand weeding at 20 DAT), W7 (Two hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAT, W8 (Mulching with waste polythene bags (ITK)), W9 (Weedy check). Among the effect of various weed management practices the significantly higher yield under the W4 (stale seed bed + reduced spacing (up to 25%) + mulching with paddy straw + hand weeding at 20 DAT) which was found at par with mulching with waste polythene bags (ITK-practices), W1 (hand weeding at 20, 40 , 60 and 80 DAT) and W2 (mechanical weeding twice at 20 and 40 DAT+ one hand weeding at 60 DAT). As regards to the effect of various weed management practices the W4(stale seed bed + reduced spacing (up to 25%) + mulching with paddy straw + hand weeding at 20 DAT). W1(hand weeding at20, 40, 60 and 80 DAT) treatment showed maximum weed control efficiency (89.73%) and minimum weed index which was followed byW8 {mulching with waste polythene bags (ITK-practices)}, W1(hand weeding at 20, 40, 60 and 80 DAT), and W2(Mechanical weeding twice at 20 and 40 DAT + one hand weeding at 60 DAT). The yield was positively related to percent reduction of weed density, biomass and weed control efficiency. The highest net return (423899) was obtained under W8{mulching with waste polythene bags (ITK-practices)} followed by W1(hand weeding at 20, 40, 60 and 80 DAT) and W4(stale seed bed + reduced spacing (up to 25%) + mulching with paddy straw + hand weeding at 20 DAT) and the highest B:C ratio (6) was computed under W4(stale seed bed + reduced spacing (up to 25%) + mulching with paddy straw + hand weeding at 20, 40, 60 and 80 DAT). However, the highest gross return (497570) was incurred in W4 (stale seed bed + reduced spacing (up to 25%) + mulching with paddy straw + hand weeding at 20 DAT.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF VARIOUS WEED MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF KHARIF SWEET CORN (Zea mays L. saccharata) UNDER ORGANIC PRODUCTION SYSTEM
    (Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (C.G.), 2020) Neha; Bhambri, M. C.; Kumar, Sunil; Tedia, K.; Saxena, R. R.; Sonboir, H. L.
    Study entitled “Effect of various weed management practices on growth and yield of kharif sweet corn (Zea mays L. saccharata) under organic production system” was undertaken in kharif season 2019. The experiment was conducted at the Research cum Instructional Farm, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (C.G.) to ascertain an acceptably suitable method for management of weeds in the sweet corn (Sugar-75) under organic production system Whole research work was attempted under “Randomized Block Design” replicated thrice. The treatment involved nine weed management practices viz. W1- Hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS, W2- One mechanical weeding at 20 DAS + one hand weeding at 40 DAS, W3 -Intercropping with black gram(1:1), W4- Stale seed bed + reduced spacing (up to 25%) + mulching with paddy straw + hand weeding at 20 DAS, W5- Locally available weed mulch (Lantana camera) + one hand pulling at 20 DAS, W6- Incorporation of neem cake 15 days before sowing, @ 5 tonnes ha-1+ hand weeding at 20 DAS, W7- Soil solarization with 25µ polythene mulch during summer + one hand weeding at 20 DAS, W8- Mulching with waste polythene bags (ITK- practices) and W9-Weedy check. The plot size was 5.40 m × 4.20m (22.68m2). The soil type of experimental unit was clayey in texture with a composition of low N, medium P and high K content.The pH value of soil was 7.22 which indicated that it was neutral in reaction. The sweet corn sowing was done on 15 July 2019 by dibbling maintaining spacing 60 × 20 cm except in stale seed bed + reduced spacing (up to 25%) + mulching with paddy straw + manual weeding at 20 DAS where the spacing was maintained at 45 × 20 cm. The recommended dose of 120:60:60 kg N:P2O5:K2O ha-1 was applied at sowing through organic sources i.e. FYM, vermicompost, rock phosphate. The data on initial and final plant population was uniform. The highest plant population in stale seed bed + reduced spacing (up to 25%) + mulching with paddy straw + hand weeding at 20 DAS was due to reduced spacing practices. Different growth parameters of the crop (sweet corn) and crop growth rate were remarkably altered by various weed management practices. Stale seed bed + reduced spacing (up to 25%) + mulching with paddy straw + manual weed pulling at 20 DAS observed the higher value of growth parameters which were found to be at par with mulching with waste polythene bags (ITK-practices), hand weedings twice carried out at 20 and 40 DAS as well as soil solarization with 25µ polythene mulch during summer+ manual weed pulling at 20 DAS. The lowest values of these were marked growth parameter in weedy check Different characters related to yield contributing parameters were also found to be significantly superior in stale seed bed + reduced spacing (up to 25%) + mulching with paddy straw + manual weeding at 20 DAS treatment which was found comparable with mulching of waste polythene bags (ITK-practices), manual weedings twice carried out at 20 and 40 DAS as well as soil solarization with 25µ polythene mulch during summer+ manual weed pulling at 20 DAS. The lowest yield attributing characters was recorded in weedy check. The lowest weed index (2.36%) was calculated in mulching with waste polythene bags(ITK -practices). Maximum reduction in yield to the tune of 83.49% was recorded in weedy check where no weed control measures were adopted followed by intercropping with black gram(1:1). The observations recorded on weeds revealed that, out of the various weed management practices, the lowest density of weed and dry matter was noticed at different stages in stale seed bed + reduced spacing (up to 25%) + mulching with paddy straw followed by manual weed pulling at 20 DAS over all the treatments. However, mulching with waste polythene bags (ITK- practices), manual weedings at 20 and 40 DAS were next in order. The highest density of weeds and their dry matter was observed in weedy check followed by intercropping with black gram(1:1) . During different crop growth stages viz. 0-20 DAS, 20-40 DAS, 40-60 DAS and 60- at harvest maximum weed growth rate was seen in weedy check and the minimum weed growth rate was viewed in stale seed bed + reduced spacing (upto 25%) + mulching with paddy straw + manual weed pulling at 20 DAS. On the other hand the maximum weed control efficiency was recorded in stale seed bed + reduced spacing (up to 25%) + mulching with paddy straw + manual weed pulling at 20 DAS treatment followed by mulching with waste polythene bags (ITK- practices), manual weedings twice and soil solarization with 25µ polythene mulch during summer + one manual weedings20 DAS and the lowest in weedy check. As regards to monetary returns and cost of cultivation of different weed management options, it was found that the highest cost of cultivation was recorded incorporation of neem cake 15 days before sowing, @ 5 tonnes ha-1 + manual weeding at 20 DAS. However, stale seed bed + reduced spacing (upto 25%) + mulching with paddy straw + manual weedings at 20 DAS, soil solarization with 25µ polythene mulch during summer + one manual hand pulling at 20 DAS, mulching with waste polythene bags were next in order. The Lowest cost of cultivation was obtained in weedy check. The maximum gross income was obtained in stale seed bed + reduced spacing (upto 25%) + mulching with paddy straw + manual hand pulling at 20 DAS owing the highest green cob and stover yields than the other weed management practices, mulching with waste polythene bags (ITK- practices) was next in order which was followed by manual weedings at 20 and 40 DAS and soil solarization with 25µ polythene mulch during summer + one manual hand pulling at 20 DAS. While the lowest gross income was obtained in weedy check. Net income was highest in mulching with waste polythene bags (ITK- practices) and after that manual weedings twice carried out at 20 and 40 DAS and stale seed bed + reduced spacing (upto 25%) + mulching with paddy straw + manual weeding at 20 DAS. While the lowest net income was generated in weedy check. The highest benefit:cost ratio was obtained in hand weedings at 20 and 40 DAS followed by mulching with waste polythene bags(ITK-practices) and stale seed bed + reduced spacing (upto 25%) + mulching with paddy straw + manual hand weeding at 20 DAS. While the lowest B: C ratio was obtained in weedy check.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GROWTH AND YIELD OF KHARIF SESAME (Sesamum indicum L.) VARIETIES AS INFLUENCED BY DIFFERENT NUTRIENT LEVELS
    (Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2020) Yogesh; Dwivedi, Sanjay K.; Chandrakar, D.K.; Khokhar, Dharmendra; Saxena, R.R.; Shrivastava, G.K.
    The recent investigation entitled“Growth and yield of kharif sesame (SesamumindicumL.) varieties as influenced by different nutrient levels” was conducted during kharif season of2019 at Instructional Cum Research FarmIGKV Raipur, (Chhattisgarh). The soil condition of experiment field was clay in texture (vertisols) and also called kanhar in local language, the soil contained low amount of nitrogen, high amount of phosphorus, medium amount of potassium and low amount of sulphur. The experiment was laid out in strip plot design viz. vertical strips consisted three sesame varieties (V1: TKG-22, V2: TKG-308 and V3: JTS-8) and horizontal strip consisted four nutrient levels (N1:75 % RDF, N2: 100 % RDF, N3: 125 % RDF and N4:150 % RDF) with 12 treatment combinations. Crop was sown on 11th July 2019 at 30 cm spacing and harvesting was done on 5th October 2019. Results revealed that the all parameters of growth like height of plant (cm), no. of leaves plant-1, leaf area (cm2), leaf area index, accumulation of dry matter (g plant-1), crop growth rate (g plant-1 day-1), relative growth rate (g g-1day-1), yield attributes viz. no. of capsules plant-1 (46.87), no. of seeds capsule-1 (59.03), test weight (3.36 g), seed yield (849.17 kg ha-1), stover yield(1554.58 kg ha-1), oil content (37.44 %), oil yield (318.62 kg ha-1), gross return, net return and B:C ratio were recorded significantly maximum in variety JTS-8 (V3) and these parameters were recorded lowest in variety TKG-308 (V2) except oil content and test weight which was recorded lowest in TKG-22 (V1). In case of nutrient levels above parameters (except B: C ratio) were recorded highest with the application of 150 % RDF (N4) and lowest under 75 % RDF (N1), while B: C ratio was recorded highest under 100 % RDF (N2) and lowest “net return and B: C ratio were recorded under 75 % RDF. The uptake of N, P and S was recorded highest in variety JTS-8 (V3) and lowest in variety TKG-308 (V2), while maximum K uptake was observed in variety TKG-22 (V1) and minimum in variety JTS-8 (V3). Among nutrient levels the uptake of N, P, K and S was found highest with the application of 150 % RDF and lowest under 75 % RDF. The data from interaction effect of varieties and nutrient levels, the maximum seed yield (914.67 kg ha-1) was obtained with the combination of JTS-8 (V3) +150 % RDF (N4).
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF CROP GEOMETRY AND NITROGEN LEVELS ON GROWTH, PRODUCTIVITY AND FODDER QUALITY OF BABY CORN (Zea mays L.)
    (Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2020) Thakur, Supriya; Jha, S.K.
    An experiment was conducted on vertisol during Rabi 2019 the present investigation entitled “Effect of crop geometry and nitrogen levels on growth, productivity and fodder quality of baby corn (Zea mays L.)” at the Research Instructional cum Farm, IGKV, Raipur (C.G.). The investigation was carried out in split plot design with three replications with four levels of crop geometries and three doses of nitrogen. The results of experiment on response of crop geometries and nitrogen levels revealed that all parameters of growth like number of leaves , leaf area, stem girth , crop growth rate leaf area index, dry matter accumulation, N uptake in fodder, was found significantly higher in planting geometry of 60 x 20 cm and all these characters were also found superior under treatments receiving 125 kg N ha-1where as plant population , plant height ,husk : baby corn ratio, per day productivity of green and dry fodder,stages of phenologies like days taken to 50 % tasselling , days to 50% silking, days taken to harvest initiation,days taken to harvest completion, fodder yield were significantly higher in the planting geometry of 30 x 20 cm and under treatments receiving nitrogen level of 125 kg N ha-1, number of young cobs / plant , cob diameter with and without husk , cob weight with and without husk,N content in cob and fodder , cob length with and without husk,crude protein yield in cob and fodder ,cob yield and harvest index was observed in planting geometry of 50 x 20 cm and at the application of 125 kg nitrogen ha-1. Planting geometry of 50 x 20 cm with 125 kg nitrogen ha-1 gives maximum gross monetary returns (Rs. 198576 ha-1), net monetary returns (Rs. 154337 ha-1) and benefit cost ratio of 2.5 .Additionally , the spacing of 50 x 20cm application of nitrogen i.e 125 N kg ha-1 was found to be economical as it gave highest monetary benefits and B:C ratio.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of phosphate and zinc solubilizing microbes on profitability and productivity of fieldpea
    (Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2020) Anant, Sweety; Chandrakar, D.K.; Dwivedi, S.K.; Khokhar, D.K.; Saxena, R.R; Tiwari, Nitish
    The new research work entitled “Effect of phosphate and zinc solubilizing microbes on profitability and productivity of fieldpea” was conducted at Instructional Cum Research Farm, College of Agriculture, Department of Agronomy, IGKV, Raipur during rabi season of 2019-20. The experiment was assessed with three replication in Randomized Block Design. The experiment consist of 11 different treatments. Fieldpea as a test crop and variety was Indira matar-1. Recommended dose of nitrogen, potassium and sulphur @ 20 kg ha-1 and Rhizobium culture applied common to all treatments. The treatment consist of RDP, phosphorus and zinc solubilizing microbes viz. absolute control (T1), RDP @ 50 kg ha-1 (T2), soil application of 25 kg ZnSO4 ha-1 (T3), application of Biophos @ 5ml kg-1 seed (T4), application of Biozinc @ 5ml kg-1 seed (T5), application of Biophos + Biozinc @ 5ml kg-1 seed (T6), 50% RDP + Biophos @ 5ml kg-1 seed (T7), 12.5 kg ZnSO4 + Biozinc @ 5ml kg-1 seed (T8), 50% RDP + Biophos + Biozinc @ 5ml kg-1 seed (T9), 50% RDP + 12.5 kg ZnSO4 + Biophos + Biozinc @ 5ml kg-1 seed (T10) and RDP @ 50 kg ha-1 + nutrient mobilizer (LNm43a) (T11). The result revealed that use of recommended dose of phosphorus @ 50 kg ha-1 and nutrient mobilizer (LNm 43a) was found to be successful and significantly increase the growth and yield attributes of fieldpea rest of the treatments in terms of plant height (cm), number of branches plant-1, number of leaves plant-1, number of number of pods plant-1. Significantly, higher seed yield (1700 kg ha-1) and stover yield (3950 kg ha-1) were also obtained under T11 because of the positive interaction between phosphate and zinc solubilizing microbes, they play an important role in boosting crop production by enhancing soil nutrient concentration and making the crop vigoursly develop. Also improved nutrient uptake of NPK in seed and stover . Result also showed that use of RDP + seed treatment with nutrient mobilizers (LNm 43a) also increased the protein yield of fieldpea. Inoculation of phosphate and zinc solubilizing microbes in fieldpea have proven to be the best treatment for achieving the maximum gross realization (Rs 80450 ha-1), net realization (Rs 58234 ha-1) and benefit cost ratio (3.62) under RDP and nutrient mobilizers (LNm 43a). Owing to improved growth efficiency and yield attributes, yield increases and result in higher economic returns considered as cost effective RDP and microbes