Thumbnail Image

M. Sc. Dissertations

Browse

2011 - 2016775
Reset filters
Start date: 2011 × Type: Thesis ×
Reset filters

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 9 of 775
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Diversity, abundance and pollination efficiency of insect pollinators on seed crop of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck)
    (CCSHAU, 2014) Suman Devi; Ombir
    The present study was conducted at Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana (India). Twenty seven insect species belonging to 14 families under 5 orders were observed visiting the flowers of broccoli. In variety BFT-1, A. dorsata was the most abundant visitor (2.90) followed by A. mellifera (2.30), A. cerana (1.20), A. florea (0.80) and syrphid fly were least frequent visitor (0.20), in variety GH-1 A. mellifera was the most abundant visitor (7.34) followed by A. florea (6.67), A. dorsata (2.15), syrphid fly (1.84) and A. cerana (1.22) and in varieties LPH-1 and DPH-1, A. mellifera was the most abundant visitor (5.96 and 7.00) followed by A. florea (4.46 and 5.50), syrphid fly (2.97 and 3.30), A. dorsata (2.62 and 2.41 ) and A. cerana (1.66 and 2.40). The mean foraging speed, in varieties BFT-1, GH-1, LPH-1 and DPH-1 was maximum in case of A. florea (28.29, 38.54, 37.44 and 36.72, respectively) followed by A. dorsata (5.19, 5.24, 5.24 and 5.20, respectively), A. mellifera (4.54, 4.54, 4.52 and 4.50, respectively ), A. cerana (3.56, 3.51, 3.58 and 3.59, respectively) and syrphid fly (1.90, 2.65, 2.67 and 2.60, respectively). The mean foraging rate in varieties BFT-1, GH-1, LPH-1 and DPH-1 was maximum in case of syrphid fly (14.18, 17.61, 17.42 and 17.33, respectively) followed by A. cerana (10.26, 10.29, 10.27 and 10.32, respectively), A. mellifera (9.27, 10.04, 10.00 and 10.31, respectively), A. dorsata (7.84, 7.88, 7.77 and 7.80, respectively) and A. florea (1.42, 1.71, 1.71 and 1.72, respectively). The average number of broccoli siliqua/plant, siliqua length, number of seeds/siliqua, seed vigour-I, seed vigour-II, test weight and germination per cent under open-pollination were significantly higher than without insect pollination. Number of siliqua/plant, number of seeds/10 siliqua, siliqua length (cm), test weight (g), germination (%) and seed vigour-I, seed vigour-II of uncaged and caged broccoli plants were 3,362.0 and 672.6, 118.75 and 25.85, 6.79 and 3.54, 2.888 and 2.092, 87.50 and 30.25, 1,471.65 and 418.40 and 0.662 and 0.112, respectively.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Incomplete block designs for diallel and partial diallel crosses- A critical review
    (CCSHAU, 2016) Bishnoi, Rekha; Aneja, D.R.
    The objective of present investigation is to give an exhaustive review of work done on incomplete block designs for diallel and partial diallel crosses. Confounded diallel crosses for Methods I and III of Griffing (1956) given by Agarwal (1974, 75) are useful when the experimenter is interested in the estimation of all components i.e. g.c.a, s.c.a, maternal and maternal interaction effects of diallel crosses. The loss of information of different effects and interactions has also been given. N-ary designs using triangular PBIB designs given by Divecha and Ghosh (1994) for estimation of g.c.a, s.c.a, reciprocal effects for all four complete diallel crosses can be used. Efficiency of these designs is a matter of investigation. Optimal complete diallel crosses using Nested (Gupta and Kageyama, 1994) & PBIB designs (Dey and Midha, 1996) and efficient designs for complete diallel crosses through Latin square designs (Sharma et al., 2011) & balanced lattice designs (Sharma, 2005) have been also described in the present manuscript. These designs are efficient/optimal for g.c.a effects only. Catalogue of all such designs for number of inbred lines upto 20 have been also given which will be useful for the experimenter in the selection of appropriate blocked diallel cross design as per his requirement. Optimal complete diallel crosses designs given by Chai and Mukherjee (1999) are optimal for both g.c.a as well as s.c.a comparisons. Method of constructing Incomplete Block Designs for Partial Diallel Crosses using n-ary designs given by Agarwal & Das (1990) and Divecha & Ghosh (1997) have been illustrated through examples also. In these methods, two designs have to be considered; one for construction and another for evaluation of Partial Diallel Crosses. When the list of all such BIB and PBIB designs is not available, Mating Environment designs using circular designs (Sharma, 1998) are useful because these are available for any combination of number of treatments and block sizes. Catalogues of such designs have been provided in in tabular form. Construction method of optimal partial diallel crosses by Mukerjee (1997) & Das et al. (1998) available in literature have been also described.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Standardization of cultivation technology of blue oyster mushroom (Hypsizygus ulmarius) in Haryana
    (CCSHAU, 2016) Sharma, Pankaj Kumar; Fateh Singh
    Hypsizygus ulmarius (Bull.ex.Fr.) Redhead has been studied to optimize physiological conditions, suitable substrate, supplement and its cultivation to harvest maximum yield. Two cultivation trials were carried out during October - December, 2015 and February – April, 2016 under natural conditions of Haryana. Gram flour (5 %) supplemented wheat straw was treated with hot water (60 0C) and chemicals viz., Bavistin ; 50 ppm, Formalin ; 500 ppm and Bavistin;50 ppm + Formalin;500 ppm. Maximum yield (661 g), least spawn run period (21.9 days), pinhead appearance (23.7 days) and mould incidence (11.7 %) was observed when wheat straw substrate treated with hot water (60 0C for 30 minutes). Physiological study of H. ulmarius was conducted to optimize temperature and pH using PDA medium to obtain maximum growth. Radial growth and biomass were maximum at 25 ±1 0C and pH 7.0.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Bioecology of castor capsule borer, conogethes punctiferalis guenee (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
    (CCSHAU, 2016) Shivakumar K.; Gaur, Ram Karan
    Field and laboratory studies on Bioecology of castor capsule borer, Conogethes punctiferalis Guenee (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae) were carried out at CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Regional research station, Bawal during 2015-16. Studies on biology of C. punctiferalis showed that eggs of this species were pale white, round, oval shaped and found singly or in groups of 4 to 7. The incubation period varied from 4 to 5 days. There were five larval instars and the total larval duration varied from 15 to 20 days. The pupa was dark brown in colour, obtect and pupal period varied from 9 to 11 days. Female moth having tuft of anal hairs but it is absent in case of male moth. Male moths of C. punctiferalis were smaller (mean 21.90��0.70 mm in wing expense) than female (mean 23.40��1.24 mm in wing expense). Adult male lived for 5 to 6 days whereas female for 6 to 7 days. The total life span of male ranged from 34 to 73 days, while that of female from 35 to 76 days in different generations. There was a ifference in sex ratio, being in favour of female both in laboratory and field condition. The pest completed five generations in a year. The presence of brown frass and fecal pellets around the entrance hole was the symptom of infestation of this pest. The observations on pest infestation showed that infestation fluctuated from 2.0 to 14.2 per cent. The peak level of infestation (14.2 per cent) was recorded during November 16-30, 2015. The pest infestation showed negative correlation with maximum temperature (-0.394), minimum temperature (-0.346) and rainfall (-0.121) whereas positive correlation with morning (0.479) and evening (0.206) relative humidity. This pest caused 10.5 per cent seed infestation in castor, 2 to 5 percent damage on guava fruit whereas no infestation was found on ber, aonla and mulberry. The castor capsule borer caused the economic loss an approximately Rs. 7560 per hectare in castor crop.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Adoption level of package of practices in kinnow orchards of Haryana
    (CCSHAU, 2011) Gora, Jagan Singh; Sultan Singh
    The present investigation entitled Adoption level of package of practices of kinnow orchards of Haryana , was carried out in the blocks of Hisar, Sirsa and Fatehabad districts during the year 2010- 11. A total number of 20 farmers were selected for purpose of investigation. An interview schedule was developed on the basis of recommended package of practices for kinnow production. The adoption score of the farmers ranged from 11 to 32 out of maximum score of 40. The mean adoption score was moderate (21.65). The adoption level of time of planting, planting distance, land preparation and training and pruning practices was comparatively high. Important practices like drip irrigation (40%), plant protection measures (45%), weed control (45%) and intercropping (45%) had very low adoption level. The maximum adoption gap was observed in planting of wind break , post harvest treatment and fruit packaging. The fruit yield and quality were maximum with higher adoption levels . The nutrient status in soil had positive but non significant effect with adoption of package of practices whereas in plant, the nutrient status was significant with adoption level. With higher adoption level of package of practices, the farmers were able to get maximum gross income, benefit and benefit cost ratio. The most serious constraint hampering the kinnow production was citrus decline.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of micronutrients on biochemical constituents in clusterbean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) seedlings infected with Rhizoctonia species
    (CCSHAU, 2011) Wadhwa, Neha; Joshi, U.N.
    The present investigation had been done to study the effect of micronutrients (Zn, Cu and Mn) on biochemical constituents in clusterbean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) seedlings infected with Rhizoctonia species. The seedlings were grown under eleven different micronutrient treatments, in earthen pots, filled with inoculated soil. The inoculated soil was prepared by the pretreatment of soil with 250mg (wet weight) of Rhizoctonia inoculum. Similar set was maintained in uninoculated soil. Morphological parameters like fresh and dry weight of shoot and root, shoot and root length decreased with infection but increased with micronutrient treatments. Chlorophyll, non-structural carbohydrate and IVDMD content decreased in inoculated seedlings as compared to uninoculated one. Oxidative enzymatic activities (PPO, POX, PAL and TAL), crude protein content, phenolic content and structural carbohydrates (ADF, Cellulose, Lignin and Silica) increased in inoculated seedlings and this increase was further heightened by micronutrient treatments, to counteract the fungal invasion. On the basis of present study, it was concluded that Zn2+ 20ppm
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of micronutrients on biochemical constituents in clusterbean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) seedlings infected with Rhizoctonia species
    (CCSHAU, 2011) Wadhwa, Neha; Joshi, U.N.
    The present investigation had been done to study the effect of micronutrients (Zn, Cu and Mn) on biochemical constituents in clusterbean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) seedlings infected with Rhizoctonia species. The seedlings were grown under eleven different micronutrient treatments, in earthen pots, filled with inoculated soil. The inoculated soil was prepared by the pretreatment of soil with 250mg (wet weight) of Rhizoctonia inoculum. Similar set was maintained in uninoculated soil. Morphological parameters like fresh and dry weight of shoot and root, shoot and root length decreased with infection but increased with micronutrient treatments. Chlorophyll, non-structural carbohydrate and IVDMD content decreased in inoculated seedlings as compared to uninoculated one. Oxidative enzymatic activities (PPO, POX, PAL and TAL), crude protein content, phenolic content and structural carbohydrates (ADF, Cellulose, Lignin and Silica) increased in inoculated seedlings and this increase was further heightened by micronutrient treatments, to counteract the fungal invasion. On the basis of present study, it was concluded that Zn2+ 20ppm treatment may be used as soil-nutritive agent to provide resistance in plants against fungal diseases.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Nutritional evaluation and shelf life of fresh and dehydrated oyster mushroom (pleurotus florida)
    (CCSHAU, 2011) Bora, Parul; Kawatra, Asha
    The present investigation was conducted to study nutritional composition of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus florida) and post harvest storage of fresh mushroom in different packs and conditions. Dehydration was done using various methods i.e.oven drying at 40OC, 60OC and sun drying after giving pretreatments including blanching in water, blanching and steeping for 2 minutes in (NaCl + citric acid) solutions. Shelf life of dehydrated mushroom was studied for 90 days. Pleurotus florida was found to contain 91.80 per cent moisture, 27.92 per cent crude protein, 7.82 per cent total ash, 0.72 per cent fat, 11.87 per cent of crude fibre and 47.80 per cent carbohydrates. Total soluble sugars, reducing sugars and non-reducing sugars were 3.01, 0.38 and 2.63 per cent, respectively. ADF and NDF content were 17.82 and 43.22 g/100g, respectively and in vitro protein digestibility was 78.96 per cent. Oyster mushroom content of iron, zinc, manganese, calcium, copper and phosphorus were 11.60, 13.60, 5.46, 1280.33, 3.83 and 1254 mg/100g, respectively. Dehydrated mushrooms and dry vegetable prepared using fresh and dehydrated oyster mushrooms were found to be acceptable organoleptically. Dehydration was found to be an effective method in extending shelf-life of mushroom. Both oven and sun drying produced significant change in moisture, protein, total ash and crude fibre content of Pleurotus florida whereas ADF, NDF and fat content reduced non significantly with increase in storage period. Minerals content of dehydrated oyster mushroom reduced with storage period and difference was found to be significant. Non significant difference was observed in gain in weight with increase in storage period of dehydrated mushrooms while effect on rehydration ratio, rehydration time and brittleness was found to be significant. The stored dehydrated mushrooms dried by different drying methods were found to be organoleptically acceptable throughout the storage period. Oyster mushroom thus can be stored for use in off season without much change in nutrient content and can be utilized in preparation of nutritious recipes for improving the nutrition status of the population of country.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Tissue culture studies in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa Linn.)
    (CCSHAU, 2011) Rajesh Kumar; Kharb, Puspha
    In the present investigation attempts were made to develop an efficient protocol for in vitro plant regeneration in Medicago sativa L. Initiation of callus formation from hypocotyl explants was observed within 13-15 days of culture. Initiation of callus formation from cotyledons explants was observed within 13-15 days of culture. Maximum callus formation was obtained in R3 medium containing MS basal + NAA (1.0 mg/l) + Kinetin (0.3 mg/l). Maximum number of shoots was obtained in R12 medium containing MS basal + NAA (1.0 mg/l) and Kinetin (0.5mg/l). MS basal medium was used for roots induction, roots were observed after 14 days with very good quality.In media R2 (MS basal + NAA 0.1mg/l + 2 IP 1.0 mg/l) and R8 (MS basal +NAA 2.0 mg/l), when shoots were left little longer rooting occurred. After transplantation, 73.3% plants survived and these plants looked normal with no morphological changes in leaf structure and plant type.Thus in the present study, regeneration protocol in Medicago sativa L variety T9 has been developed using hypocotyls and cotyledon explants.