Thumbnail Image

M. Sc. Dissertations

Browse

20164
Reset filters
Subject: Entomology × Start date: 2016 ×
Reset filters

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Bioecology of castor capsule borer, conogethes punctiferalis guenee (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
    (CCSHAU, 2016) Shivakumar K.; Gaur, Ram Karan
    Field and laboratory studies on Bioecology of castor capsule borer, Conogethes punctiferalis Guenee (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae) were carried out at CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Regional research station, Bawal during 2015-16. Studies on biology of C. punctiferalis showed that eggs of this species were pale white, round, oval shaped and found singly or in groups of 4 to 7. The incubation period varied from 4 to 5 days. There were five larval instars and the total larval duration varied from 15 to 20 days. The pupa was dark brown in colour, obtect and pupal period varied from 9 to 11 days. Female moth having tuft of anal hairs but it is absent in case of male moth. Male moths of C. punctiferalis were smaller (mean 21.90��0.70 mm in wing expense) than female (mean 23.40��1.24 mm in wing expense). Adult male lived for 5 to 6 days whereas female for 6 to 7 days. The total life span of male ranged from 34 to 73 days, while that of female from 35 to 76 days in different generations. There was a ifference in sex ratio, being in favour of female both in laboratory and field condition. The pest completed five generations in a year. The presence of brown frass and fecal pellets around the entrance hole was the symptom of infestation of this pest. The observations on pest infestation showed that infestation fluctuated from 2.0 to 14.2 per cent. The peak level of infestation (14.2 per cent) was recorded during November 16-30, 2015. The pest infestation showed negative correlation with maximum temperature (-0.394), minimum temperature (-0.346) and rainfall (-0.121) whereas positive correlation with morning (0.479) and evening (0.206) relative humidity. This pest caused 10.5 per cent seed infestation in castor, 2 to 5 percent damage on guava fruit whereas no infestation was found on ber, aonla and mulberry. The castor capsule borer caused the economic loss an approximately Rs. 7560 per hectare in castor crop.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Population dynamics, assessment of avoidable yield losses and biointensive integrated management of mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi Kalt. (Homoptera:Aphididae) in Brassica spp
    (CCSHAU, 2016) Sharma, Deepak; Yadav, Satyapal
    Field studies on population dynamics, assessment of avoidable yield losses and biointensive integrated management of mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi Kalt. in Brassica spp. (B. juncea, B. napus and B. rapa) were carried out during Rabi, season of 2015-16 at Regional Reasearch Station, Samargopalpur, Rohtak (Haryana), India. Results of weekly observations on the mustard aphid population showed that it was noticed in the field from 3rd SMW (January) to 11th SMW (March). The peak aphid population (23.33-86.05 aphids/10 cm main apical shoot) was recorded during 9th SMW in all Brassica species (both timely & late sown) except in BSH1 (timely sown) in which it attained its peak (31.98 aphids/10 cm main apical shoot) in 6th SMW. The mustard aphid population had negative correlation with evening relative humidity under timely sown conditions and positive correlation with maximum temperature under late sown conditions in B. juncea (RH 0749) and B. napus (HNS 0901). In B. rapa (BSH 1), the population of mustard aphid did not show any correlation with any of the weather parameters. The avoidable losses in terms of seed yield varied from 9.26 to 17.48 per cent under timely sown conditions, while under the late sown conditions, these losses ranged from 20.11 to 32.62 per cent. The avoidable oil content losses in all three Brassica spp. ranged from 3.38 to 6.34 per cent, under timely sown conditions and 4.92 to 8.14 per cent under late sown conditions. Bioefficacy studies indicated that the maximum aphid reduction over control after ten days of spray was observed in dimethoate (95.03%) followed by Verticillium lecanii @ 108 CS/ml + NSKE @ 5% (88.52%), NSKE @ 5% + Clipping of infested twigs (87.77%) and Beauveria bassiana @ 108 CS/ml + NSKE @ 5% (86.91%). Neem seed methanol extract @ 5 % was found to be the least effective with 75.33 per cent reduction in aphid population over control after ten days of spray. Considering the seed yield, the highest seed yield was recorded in treatment viz. dimethoate (1702 kg/ha) followed by V. lecanii @ 108 CS/ml + NSKE @ 5% (1635 kg/ha), NSKE @ 5% + Clipping of infested twigs (1626 kg/ha) and B. bassiana @ 108 CS/ml + NSKE @ 5% (1617 kg/ha). The lowest seed yield (1517 kg/ha) was obtained in neem seed methanol extract @ 5 % whereas the yield obtained in control was only 1384 kg/ha. In the economics, dimethoate was found to be highly cost effective with highest cost benefit ratio (1:14.92) followed by NSKE @ 5% + clipping of infested twigs (1:13.81) and NSKE @ 5% (1:11.41), whereas, the treatment with neem seed methanol extract @ 5 % was the least (1:0.51) economically feasible with lower economic returns per unit of input cost.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of nitrogen and potash on major borer pest incidence in differently maturing varieties of sugarcane
    (CCSHAU, 2016) Singh, Robin; Ahlawat, Dilbag Singh
    Field experiment to evaluate the effect of nitrogen and potash on the incidence of shoot borer, Chilo infuscatellus Snellen, top borer, Scirpophaga excerptalis Walker and stalk borer, Chilo auricilius Dudgeon in some sugarcane varieties was conducted at the farm of Regional Research Station, Uchani, Karnal, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during 2015-16 crop season. Three doses of nitrogen, 150, 200, 250 kg/ha and two doses of potash 0 and 50 kg/ha were tested on three differently maturing varieties of sugarcane Co 0238, CoH 119 and CoH 150 to see their effect on incidence of borer pest, yield and quality of sugarcane. Incidence of early shoot borer was highest (7.68, 12.19 and 6.35%) in Co 0238 and the lowest (5.16, 8.51 and 5.40%) in CoH 119 during April, May and June, 2015, respectively. Similarly, the maximum incidence of top borer (9.11, 11.78 and 13.56%) was recorded in Co 0238 and minimum (6.22, 7.56 and 10.67%) in CoH 119 during July, August and September, respectively. The stalk borer mean per cent incidence, per cent intensity and infestation index was highest (49.56, 16.12 and 8.11, respectively) in Co 0238 and lowest (33.22, 12.48 and 4.18, respectively) in CoH 150. Early shoot borer incidence was highest (7.12, 11.19 and 6.48%) at 250 kg N/ha and lowest (5.68, 8.57 and 5.23%) at 150 kg N/ha during April, May and June, respectively. Similarly, the highest incidence of top borer (9.11, 11.56 and 14.44%) was recorded at 250 kg N/ha and the lowest (5.78, 7.78 and 9.56%) at 150 kg N/ha during July, August and September, 2015, respectively. The maximum mean per cent incidence, per cent intensity and infestation index (45.44, 15.65 and 7.27, respectively) of stalk borer was recorded at 250 kg N/ha and the minimum (34.44, 13.28 and 4.60, respectively) at 150 kg N/ha. The present findings revealed that with the increase in Nitrogen doses, there was an increase in all above three borer pest incidence. The application of potash at 50kg/ha was very effective in providing resistance against all the three borers. The variety CoH 119 (mid maturing) resulted in highest cane yield (87.72 t/ha), number of millable canes (102.68 thousand/ha) and commercial cane sugar (12.60%) at 200 kg N/ha, respectively. Cane yield, number of millable canes and commercial cane sugar was significantly higher (79.57 t/ha, 92.68 thousand/ha and 11.54%, respectively) at 50 kg K2O/ha than at no potash (76.36 t/ha, 89.97 thousand/ha and 11.07%, respectively).
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Biological studies on Sesamia inferens (walker) and screening of maize inbred lines against this pest
    (CCSHAU, 2016) Sharma, Hemani; Singh, Maha
    The present investigations entitled “Biological studies on Sesamia inferens (Walker) and screening of maize inbred lines against this pest” were conducted during 2015 - 2016 in laboratory and research area of CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Regional Research Station, Uchani, Karnal. The biology of S. inferens was studied in laboratory under room temperature (average 16.4 - 28.8o C) with a relative humidity of (53 - 76 %) in the first generation (October - December) and repeated further at temperature varying from 12.3 - 22.6o C (minimum 5.2o C and maximum 26.3o C) with a relative humidity of 51 - 77 per cent in the second generation (December-March) on maize genotypes HQPM 1 & HKI 1128. The incubation period varied from 10 - 14 days on HQPM 1 and 11 - 15 days on HKI 1128. The hatchability was 76.6 and 69.4 per cent on HQPM 1 and HKI 1128, respectively. The larval period of S. inferens lasted for 21 - 37 days on HQPM 1 and 24 - 39 days on HKI 1128. The larva passed through six instars to become a pupa on both genotypes. The mean duration of first to sixth instar larvae averaged 3.18, 3.57, 4.35, 4.99, 5.45 & 6.14 days on HQPM 1 and 3.36, 3.91, 4.71, 5.39, 5.82 & 6.53 days on HKI 1128, respectively. The larval survival of S. inferens was 58.2 per cent on HQPM 1 and 50.6 per cent on HKI 1128. The adult emergence of S. inferens was 93.4 per cent on HQPM 1 and 87.6 per cent on HKI 1128. The duration of male and female pupae ranged from 10 - 14 & 13 - 17 days on HQPM 1 and 10 - 15 & 14 - 18 days on HKI 1128. The adult longevity of male and female ranged from 6 - 7 days & 7 - 8 days on HQPM 1 and 5 - 7 days & 6 - 7 days on HKI 1128, respectively. The number of eggs laid ranged from 106 - 277 eggs/female on HQPM 1 and 9 - 205 eggs/female on HKI 1128. The total life span ranged from 63 - 72 days for female & 45 - 58 days for male on HQPM 1 and 65 - 74 days for female & 49 - 62 days for male on HKI 1128, respectively. Observations on different biological parameters indicated that there were significant differences when S. inferens reared on two maize genotypes (hybrid HQPM 1 and inbred HKI 1128) in first generation as well as in second generation. However, total life cycle was prolonged in second generation and no diapause of insect was observed under laboratory conditions. The total life span ranged 94 - 107 days for female and 83 - 96 days for male on HQPM 1 and 98 - 112 days for female and 86 - 101 days for male on HKI 1128. Studies on population dynamics revealed that the maximum number of egg masses observed during 46th SW. The larval population increased after 45th SW and reached to maximum during the 49th SW, 2015 and then declined till 7th SW. Maximum plant infestation was recorded 19.5 per cent in HKI 1128 & 21.0 per cent in HQPM 1 during the 7th SW, 2016. However, during the 2th, 3th and 4th SW of 2016 larvae were not found infesting the crop which shows that larvae entered the diapause stage. Correlation of S. inferens population with various environmental factors revealed that S. inferens larval population had a significant negative correlation with maximum temperature (Tmax.) & minimum temperature (Tmin.), rainfall (RF) (r= - 0.4992, - 0.5183 & - 0.5698) on HKI 1128 & (r= - 0.4872, - 0.4717 & - 0.5242) on HQPM 1, respectively. Fourteen genotypes viz. HKI 1011, HKI 1105 early, HKI 1105 - 2 ML(Y), HKI 1078 - 4W, HKI 164- 7 - 2 - 1 - 2, HKI NP - 80 - ER 1-1, HKI NP - 80 - ER 1 - 2, HKI 193 - 2 - 2 ER - 2, HKI 327 D, HKI 536, HKI 766 WE, HKI 1035 ERG, HKI 1105 - 6 and HKI 1128 (check) were found resistant (LIR 1.0 - 3.0 scale) against this pest during rabi, 2015-16.