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Master Degree Theses

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2015 - 20164
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Subject: Silviculture and Agroforestry ×

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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Performance of Coleus aromaticus (Ajma Paan), Centella asiatica (Brahmi) and Psoralea corylifolia (Babchi) grown as an intercrop under different tree species in South Gujarat
    (Silviculture and Agroforestry Dept., ACHF, NAU, Navsari, 2016-05) CHETTRI, JHARNA; Prajapati, V. M.
    The present investigation was carried out at the Instructional Farm, ASPEE College of Horticulture and Forestry, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari in the year 2015. Three medicinal crops viz., Coleus aromaticus Benth. (C1), Centella asiatica L. (C2) and Psoralea corylifolia L. (C3) were grown under three forest tree species viz., Terminalia arjuna Bedd. (T1), Mitragyna parvifolia Korth. (T2), Adina cordifolia Roxb. (T3) and in one open field (T0). Completely Randomized Design with factorial concept (FCRD) along with four replications was used to analyze data generated. Significantly maximum height, number of leaves, collar diameter, number of secondary roots, shoot length, root length, fresh weight of shoot and root, dry weight of shoot and root, number of secondary roots, yield per plot and yield per hectare of different medicinal crops were recorded under T1 (Arjun) as compared to T2 (Kalam), T3 (Haldu) and T0 (open). Out of three medicinal crops, maximum number of leaves, collar diameter and number of secondary roots were recorded for Coleus aromatics. Whereas, maximum height, leaf area and root length were recorded for Psoralea corylifolia. Moreover maximum shoot length was recorded in Centella asiatica. Among intercrops, Coleus aromatics accrued highest net returns and BCR from biomass under Terminalia arjuna. The findings of the study substantiate that integration of Coleus aromatics, Centella asiatica and Psoralea corylifolia under Terminalia arjuna proved beneficial due to positive tree-crop interface giving higher yield and net returns, followed by Mitragyna parvifolia. Thus, these systems can be adopted as an economically sustainable agroforestry system. Also, in future tree and crop combination may be even more profitable when yield of wood will be taken into consideration while calculating the economics tree component.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF HOST PLANT AND BIO-FERTILISER ON SEEDLING GROWTH PERFORMANCE IN Santalum album Linn
    (SILVICULTURE AND AGROFORESTRY DEPT., ASPEE COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY, NAVSARI AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, NAVSARI, 2016-05) Choudhury, Pritam; Manmohan, J.R.
    The present investigation entitled “Effect of host plant and bio-fertiliser on seedling growth performance in Santalum album Linn.” was conducted at College of Forestry, ACHF, Navsari Agricultural Universty, Navsari (Gujarat) during the year 2015- 2016. The experiment was laid out with FCRD, comprising of five host plants (H1- Cajanus cajan, H2- Casuarina equisetifolia, H3- Eucalyptus terreticornis, H4- Leucaena leucocephala, H5- Melia dubia) along with control (H0) and five bio-fertilisers (B1-VAM, B2-Rhizobium, B3-Azospirillum, B4-Acetobactor and B5-PSB) along with control (B0). The growth performance of Santalum album seedling with different host, bio-fertiliser and interaction between among them studied to screen the best primary host and biofertiliser. The main effect of host plants on sandal seedlings recorded the maximum seedling height of sandal up to 90 DAT and collar diameter up to 120 DAT with H4 (Leucaena leucocephala). Similarly at 120, 150 and 180 DAT maximum plant height (17.54, 19.65 and 22.04 cm respectively) and collar diameter (2.45 and 2.59 mm at 150 DAT and 180 DAT) were recorded with host H5 (Melia dubia). The highest number of leaves per sandal plant at 30 DAT (10.21) and 150 DAT (11.82) were found with H4, from 60 DAT to 120 DAT (11.62, 16.43 and 14.72) with H2 (Casuarina equisetifolia) and at 180 DAT (13.84) was recorded in H3 (Eucalyptus terreticornis).The maximum leaf area per sandal seedling (59.11 cm2) and root length (19.20 cm) were noticed with the H1 (Cajanus cajan). In context of weight, the highest fresh weight (FW) of root (0.566 g) and whole plant (3.347 g) along with highest dry weight (DW) of shoot (0.331 g), root (0.210 g) and whole plant (0.978 g) were recorded with H5 (Melia dubia) at 180 DAT. The maximum RL/SL ratio of sandal seedling was found maximum (1.05) with H1; Shoot to root ratio (3.09) with H0; and Sturdiness quotient (8.52) as well as Seedling quality index (QI) (0.096) in H5 (Melia dubia). Name of Student Major Advisor Mr. Pritam Choudhury Dr. Manmohan J.R. Influence of various bio-fertilisers on growth of sandal seedling reflects the maximum plant height up to five months with B4 (Acetobactor) and 19.08 cm at 180 DAT was noted with B5 (PSB); collar diameter of sandal up to six months was also recorded with B4. Similarly, number of leaves per plant at 30, 60 and 150 DAT with B4, at 90 DAT- 14.31 with B5, at 120 DAT- 14.73 with B0 and at 180 DAT -13.81 with B3 (Azospirillum) were recorded. Leaf area per plant (58.14 cm2) was found highest with B2 and root length (18.80 cm) with B4. The maximum fresh weight of leaves (1.688 g), shoot (0.599 g), root (0.431 g) and whole plant (2.718 g) along with dry weight of leaves (0.375 g), shoot (0.256 g), root (0.165 g) and whole plant (0.796 g) were recorded with B4 (Acetobactor). The highest RL/SL ratio (0.96) was observed with B4, shoot to root ratio (2.13) with B1 (VAM), Sturdiness quotient (8.22) with B2 (Rhizobium) and Seedling quality index (0.080) with B4 at 180 DAT. The Interaction effect of different host plants and bio-fertilisers on growth parameters in sandal seedling were also found significant. The maximum plant height (26.33 cm) was found with treatment combination of H5B2 (Melia dubia with Rhizobium); collar diameter (2.88 mm) with H4B4 (Leucaena leucocephala and Acetobactor) and number of leaves per plant (17.23) with H5B2. The maximum leaf area per plant (74.86 cm2) was noted with combination of H4B2 and root length (29.35 cm) with H1B4. The maximum fresh weight of whole plant (5.673 g) was found with H1B4 while DW (1.676 g) was recorded with H5B4. The highest RL/SL ratio (1.42) was noticed with H1B4 (Cajanus cajan and Acetobactor), Shoot to root ratio (4.39) with H0B2; Sturdiness quotient (9.46) with H5B0 and Seedling quality index (0.174) with H5B4 (Melia dubia and Acetobactor). The maximum HUE (0.944) was found with H2 (Casuarina equisetifolia), HRE (10.151) with H4 (Leucaena leucocephala) and HRS (0.499) with H4 (Leucaena leucocephala) while minimum HUE (0.057) with H4, HRE (1.367) with H2 and HRS (0.156) with H1 (Cajanus cajan). Fresh and dry weight of different host plants influenced by various bio-fertilisers, the maximum FW of whole plant (16.95 g) and DW (4.55 g) in H1 (Cajanus cajan) was found with B3 (Azospirillum) & B2 (Rhizobium); similarly, in H2 (Casuarina equisetifolia) (4.024 g) & (1.014 g) with B5 (PSB). In H3 (Eucalyptus terreticornis FW (15.74 g) and DW (4.36 g) with B2 (Rhizobium); in H4 (Leucaena leucocephala) FW (28.49 g) and DW (11.09 g) with B4. and in H5 (Melia dubia) FW (41.14 g) and DW (11.22 g) with B3. The present study reflects that for sandal seedlings, Melia dubia followed by Leucaena leucocephala are the best primary and intermediary host while Acetobactor and Azospirillum as superior bio-fertiliser. In interaction the combination of H5B4 (Melia dubia and Acetobactor) for most of growth parameters was found best followed by H1B4 and H5B2.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON BELOW GROUND INTERACTION AND CARBON SEQUESTRATION IN Acacia mangium Willd PLANTATION
    (SILVICULTURE AND AGROFORESTRY DEPT., ASPEE COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY, NAVSARI AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, NAVSARI, 2015-07) Ahir, Balvantkumar R.; Manmohan 1, J.R.
    An investigation entitled “Studies on below ground interaction and carbon sequestration in Acacia mangium willd plantation” was conducted during August 2013 to May 2015, at the Instructional farm, ASPEE College of Horticulture and Forestry, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, to evaluate biomass production and carbon sequestration potential as well as below ground interaction in eight year old Acacia mangium plantation. The biometrical observation of above and below ground parameters recorded the maximum tree height 23.60 m (T7), crown height 8.87 m (T5), crown length 15.80 m (T7), and crown width 9.97m (T7). The overall result shows that tree height, crown height, crown length and crown width increasing from lower diameter classes (T1<5cm) to higher diameter classes (T7 30-35cm). The higher basic density of 0.59 g/cm3 and bark thickness 0.70 cm observed in T7. Measured tree volume significantly increased from 0.02 m3 (T1) to 1.74 m3 in (T7) with highest branch wood volume, tree trunk volume and total tree volume 0.25, 0.53 & 0.77 m3 respectively in T7. Root parameter such as length & circumference of primary roots was observed maximum 107.33 cm and 19.00cm. Similarly maximum number of secondary roots, length and circumference of secondary roots were recorded 13.67, 45.25cm and 31.17cm respectively in T7. The biomass studies of above ground parts recorded the maximum in 30-35 cm DBH resulted 685 Kg dry biomass per tree which was composed of 104.25 Kg of leaves, 124.28 Kg Name of Student Major Advisor Mr. Ahir Balvantkumar R. Dr. Manmohan J.R. of branch wood and 456.49 Kg of main trunk while highest below ground dry biomass of one cubic meter root skeleton was 125 Kg/tree comprised of 101.83 Kg of primary roots and 23.18 Kg of secondary roots. Total tree biomass as fresh (1092.09 Kg/tree) and dry (810.02 Kg/tree) biomass was recorded. The proportion of above ground and below ground biomass to total biomass on dry weight basis varied from 84.00% to 92.14% and 7.40% to 16.00 % respectively. Carbon sequestration studies shown increasing trend of carbon sequestration from T1 (5.01, 0.41, 5.42 kg/tree) to T7 (342.51, 62.50, 405.15 kg/tree) in above ground, below ground and total tree carbon sequestration respectively. The distribution carbon is indifferent tree parts was recorded maximum 52.13 Kg in leaves, 62.14 Kg in branch wood, 228.25 Kg in tree trunk, 50.91 kg in primary roots and 11.58 Kg in secondary roots in diameter class T7. The total carbon sequestration potential of plantation estimated 1012.85 ton/ha. Leaf litter study showed variation of litter (non-decomposed and partially decomposed) depth and weigh in m2 area across the plantation site which shown average depth of 1.47 cm in non decomposed layer and 1.73 cm in partially decomposed layer. Similarly mean weight per m2 was found 0.60 Kg (6 ton/ha) and 1.25 Kg (12.50 ton/ha) for non decomposed and partially decomposed leaf litter layers respectively. Considerable variation in nutrient concentration was observed among different samples and mean values of nutrients was in order of N (1.49 %) > K (0.10 %) > P (0.05 %). The root nodulation observed maximum 41.0 and minimum was 15.0 with mean 23.6 nodules per root. Soil texture analysis in different depth showed difference of proportion of soil particle among control (open area) and plantation. The fine sand was higher in 15-30 cm (29.60 %), and clay was higher in 0-15 cm (46.00 %) soil depth under A. mangium plantation. Comparative study of soil texture showed that mean percentage of fine sand (1.19 %), silt (2.35 %) and clay (2.91 %) was higher in plantation. Similarly, higher concentration of N (264.20 Kg/ha), P2O5 (40.50 Kg/ha), K2O (632.10 Kg/ha) and Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) (1.01 %) at soil depth 0-15 cm under plantation as compared to open area and it was gradually decrease with increase in depth in both plantation and control, while Electrical conductivity (EC) (0.16 dsm-1), pH (6.80) and bulk density (1.18 g/cm3) was lower under plantation as compared to control.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Molecular and morphological variations in Teak (Tectona grandis L. f.) clones
    (SILVICULTURE AND AGROFORESTRY DEPT., ASPEE COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY, NAVSARI AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, NAVSARI, 2015-06) MODI, JAY S.; Tandel, M.B.
    The investigation entitled “Molecular and morphological variations in Teak (Tectona grandis L. f.) clones” was carried out on the at Rajpipla Silviculture Forest Division, Rajpipla and Biotechnology Laboratory, ASPEE College of Horticulture and Forestry, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari (Gujarat). The experiment comprised of 15 clones viz., C1Bandhpada (North Dangs), C2-Chikhli (South Dangs), C3Nilambo (Dungarda), C4-African (Dungarda), C5-Satkhasi (Vyara), C6-Khalta (Bariya), C7-Achhala (Godhra), C8-Kevadi (Chotaudepur), C9-Raighadh (Sabarkantha North), C10-Danta (Banaskantha), C11-Vanaj (South Sabarkantha), C12-Dankiwadu (Gir West), C13-Bhavnath (Junaghadh), C14-Develvel (Gir East) and C15-Khatam (Rajpipla East). This experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) comprising of fifteen clones and three replications. The seven decamer primers produced a total of 50 scorable bands in the fifteen clones of Tectona grandis L. f. out of them 20 were polymorphic and 30 were monomorphic. The percentage of polymorphism ranged from a maximum 50.00 % by OPE-18 to a minimum of 16.67 % by OPE-10. The lowest genetic similarity (0.7209) was between the clones 4 & 7 whereas the highest genetic similarity (0.9761) was between the clones 9 & 10. The dendrogram of fifteen clones reflected that the clones were divided in two main clusters named A and B. Further Cluster-B was divided in to two sub clusters B1 and B2. The clones C7 and C8 reported in Cluster-A which were found to be more diverse as compared to other clones. The clones C1, C3, C5, C2, C6 and C4 were observed in sub-cluster-B1. Whereas, clones C9, C10, C15, C11, C12, C13 and C14 were recorded in subcluster-B2. The clones C4 and C14 found in B1 and B2 subcluster, respectively were having minimum similarity with other clones. In case of morphological variations, significantly maximum plant height, diameter at breast height and 100 seed weight was noted in clone C7 - Achhala (Godhra); leaf length in the clone C8 - Kevadi (Chotaudepur); leaf width in the clone C13 - Bhavnath (Junaghadh); leaf area in the clone C14 - Develvel (Gir East); petiole length in the clone C15 - Khatam (Rajpipla East) and seed yield per plant C13 - Bhavnath (Junaghadh). The genotypic correlation coefficients were in general, higher than the corresponding phenotypic and environmental indicating strong inherent association between the characters. Seed yield had highly significant positive correlation with leaf width (rg= 0.3315). Whereas, seed yield had highly significant negative correlation with petiole length (rg= -0.4024) and diameter at breast height (rg= -0.3078). The rest of the traits showed non-significant positive or negative correlation. Path coefficient analysis indicated that the direct effect of diameter at breast height and petiole length on seed yield was of very high magnitude followed by leaf width.