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20012
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Subject: Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Epidemiology × Author: KAU × End date: 2002 × Start date: 2001 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Seroconversion of three different Foot-and-Mouth disease vaccines in Cattle
    (Department of Veterinary Epidemology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 2001) Bipin, K C; KAU; Tresamol, P V
    Seroconversion of three different commercial inactivated quadrivalent Foot-and-Mouth disease vaccines were studied. One aluminium hydroxide gel vaccine and two oil-adjuvanted vaccines were used for the study in three groups of cattle. Monthly assessment of antibody titres against 0, A, C and Asia-I antigens were made by liquid phase blocking-ELlS A (LPB-ELISA). Unvaccinated calves of four months and above age were grouped into three and vaccinations were made as per manufacturer's regime. Group I and group Il animals did not showed significant difference in type ° antibody titres throughout the study period except following booster vaccination of group I in seventh month. Both groups maintained protective titres except in the fourth and fifth months of study. Group III showed a lower level of antibody titres throughout the study period. Protective typeA antibody titres were maintained by group I and group H animals during the entire study period except in the fifth month. No significant difference between these two groups observed except following the second booster vaccination in group H. Group III showed comparatively lower antibody titres against type A FMD antigen. All the three groups showed protective mean type C antibody titres throughout the study period. But group III showed an antibody titre below protective level during fourth month. Group I and group II did not show significant variation in antibody titres except following respective booster vaccinations. Group I and group II maintained a protective level of type Asia-l antibody titres except during fifth month. Group III showed significantly low Asia-l antibody titres throughout the study period. The booster vaccinations produced anamnestic response in group I and group Il in almost all cases. Group III animals showed lower antibody titres against all the four virus types when compared to group I and group Il and response to booster vaccinations were poor in group Ill. Comparison between the three vaccines in terms of cost required for immunising a single animal for the first one year revealed that oil-adjuvanted vaccine Il required the lowest cost while oil-adjuvanted vaccine III required the highest cost for the first one year.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Seroprevalence of Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis in Crossbred cattle of Kerala
    (Department of Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 2001) Rajesh, J B; KAU; Tresamol, P V
    Seroprevalence of IBR in 719 crossbred cattle of Kerala was studied using Avidin-Biotin ELISA. Sera samples were collected from cattle belonging to different places of Kerala covering all the districts. Samples were collected randomly from cattle of different age, managemental practice, breed, sex, parity, different health status and also from different farms. Samples were subjected to Avidin-Biotin ELISA for detecting antibodies against BHV -1 infection. Out of 719 sera samples tested 14.88 per cent gave positive result for BHV -1 antibodies. Animals reared under rural farming system showed high seropositivity ,. (18.75%) to B HV -1 infection than animals under organised farms. Seroprevalence of BHV -1 antibodies was more in animals with some history of disease (22.6%) than apparently healthy animals. This result is highly significant (PPrevalence of BHV -1 antibodies is found to be more in crossbred cattle when compared to non-descript cattle. Seroprevalence of IBR in various age group revealed that percentage of positiveness to BHV -1 was more in animals above three years of age. Serological evidence of !BR is very less in younger animals. Also animals after one parity and above had a high percentage of seroprevalence than heifers and calves. Animals from different farms were tested for antibodies against BHV-l infection. Private farms had a high seroprevalence of IDR infection than University farms and Government farms. There is significant difference •. between private farms and other farms. Seroprevalence of IBR among cattle with different clinical manifestations were tested. High percentage of seroprevalence noted in respiratory form of infection (33.33%). Seroprevalence ofIBR in crossbred cattle of Kerala detected as 14.88%.