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Theses

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1982 - 198410
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Subject: Plant Breeding × End date: 1984 × Start date: 1980 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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Now showing 1 - 9 of 10
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Pollination, pod set and compatibility studies in open pollinated progenies of cocoa var. Forastero
    (Department of Plant Breeding, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 1984) Madhu, P; KAU; Kumaran, K
    Investigations were carried out at the College of Horticulture Vellanikkara, Thrissur, to study the polination , pod set and compatibility aspects of open pollinated progenies of cocoa, var. Forastero. It was found that eventhough cocoa flowered thoughout the year, maximum flower production was between November and April. The flower opening was a slow process starting from 2 to 4 pm and lasting upto 2 to 4 pm on the subsequent day . Maximum stigma receptivity was found between 10 am and 12 Noon. Natural pollination was through the agency of insects. By controlled pollination there was 48 per cent increase in the pod set. Hand pollination by forceps was found to be the best method of artificial pollination. A large number of pod set was not carried to maturity due to the incidence of cherelle wilt. The loss due to Cherelle wilt ranged from 37.04 percent to 70.37 per cent. Most of the trees studied were self-incompatible , while two of them were self compatible. The self - incompatibility in the materials investigated herein could be exploited for production of hybrid pods.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Reproductive mechanism in cardamom
    (Department of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1982) Venkitaraman, S; KAU; Gopinathan Nair, V
    The study on the reproductive mechanism in cardamom was undertaken at the Cardamom Research Station, Pampadumpara in three popular cultivars viz., Malabar, Mysore and Vazhukka, Laboratory studies were conducted at the College of Agriculture, Vellayani. Different morphological characters of the panicle and flower, spread of flowering, time and mechanism of anthesis, pollen viability, stigma receptivity and self sterility were studied. The three cultivars were critically compared with respect to each of these characters
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Progeny studies in west coast tall coconut palms of different yield groups
    (Department of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1982) Bindu, M; KAU; Gopakumar, K
    Observations made during 1981-82, while conducting a Systematic Pedigree Progeny Analysis at the Coconut Research Station, Balaramapuram, on the coconutpalm, variety West Coast Tall, belonging to the categories of Low, Medium and High yielders, yielded valuable information so as to ensure realization of the desired effect in inducing an overall enhancementin the late stage seedling progeny performance standards. Earlier recommendations stressed the need for exercising phase protracted selection at the levels of the motherpalm population, seednuts and the seedling progeny stand in the nursery, on specified norms. The findings of this study help to develop a more reliable methodology for identifying distinctly, the vigorous from the less vigorous among the seedling progeny.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Identification of prepotent motherpalms in coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) variety, KOMADAN
    (Department of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1982) Shylaraj, K S; KAU; Gopakumar, K
    A systematically arranged experiment on Pedigree Progeny Analysis was conducted during 1981-82 in the premises of the College of Agriculture, Vellayani, with 40 randomnly chosen trees of the coconutpalm, type KOMADAN. The advantages of following a Triphasic Selection Schedule carried out at the levels of the motherpalm population, seednuts and the one year old seedling progeny in the nursery, and the special worth of identifying, on the basis of the information made available through the conduct of the early seedling progeny analysis, the prepotent palms, are substantiated. Accordingly, a recommendation in favour of confining for benefit, extensive seednut collection, exclusively to such palms as mentioned above, identified from among those in a chosen lot, characterized by phenotypically distinguishable overall healthy outlook, followed by exposure to a procedure of more intensively rigorousselection in the nursery, of superior seedlings is proposed.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Seedling progeny analysis in selected cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) types
    (Department of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1982) Susamma, P George; KAU; Gopimony, R
    Seedling progeny analysis of two different types of cashew namely Kottarakara-1 and Kottarakara-27 was done by raising nursery of seednuts collected from 30 mother trees each from the two types. The experiment was conducted at College of Agriculture# Vellayani during 1981-82. Prom the analysis of data on mother tree characters it was found that the two types did not differ significantly in yield per tree. They differed in respect of canopy size. There was high variation between the individual trees in yield for both types The analysis of seednut characters revealed that the two types differed significantly in respect of weight and volume of nut and kernel. Kottarakara-27 was found to be superior to Kottarakara-1. This superiority of seednut characters of Kdttarakara-27 was reflected in the recovery of vigorous seedlings also The seednut characters showed positive significant correlation among themselves. Analysis of seedling characters revealed that Kottara- kara-1 was superior to Kottarakara-27 for seedling heightnumber of leaves and. total leaf area, but Kottarakara-27 was superior for girth at collar and length of tap root. Individual trees of both types differed significantly in the seedling characters and seedling vigour.but the three yield groups did not show any significant difference. Kottarakara-27 was found to be significantly superior to Kottarakara- 1 in the percentage of recovery of vigorous seedlings. In both the types the medium yielding group registered more recovery of vigorous seedlings There was no significant difference between the two types in the recovery of prepotent trees. Correlation studies revealed that girth of trunk and seedling vigour showed significant positive correlation in Kottarakara-1. Canopy size was positively correlated with girth of trunk. Hence these two characters can be considered as important criteria for mother tree selection. Seedling height showed significant positive correlation with most of the other seedling characters studied during the 3rd and 9th month of growth. Hence seedling height can be considered as an indication of seedling vigour.Tallest 50 per cent seedlings in the nursery can be considered as superior planting material. Based on seedling progeny analysis prepotent trees can be identified. But adult progeny analysis is essential to confirm the above results.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Evaluation of super mother palms of coconut by seedling progeny analysis
    (Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1983) Thomas Mathew; KAU; Gopimony, R
    Seedling progeny analysis was conducted in super mother palms of coconut (annual yield not less than 3Q0 nuts) in comparison with control mother palms (average mother palms with annual yield not less than 60 nuts). The aim was to evaluate these super palms for their prepotent ability to produce quality seedlings. The super mother palms were selected from different locations in Trivandrum and Quilon districts, and from the same locations, control mother palms were also selected. A seed lo t froi north Kerala (Badagara) collected by the State Department of Agriculture was also included. Observations were recorded on mother palms, samples on seed nuts collected from these palms, and on seedlings raised in a replicated field trial. Critical analysis of the compiled data showed super mother palms to be significantly superior to control palms In number of bunches and nuts per bunch. But the two types of mother palms failed to show significant differences in nut., and seedling characters. Among super palms, T4 showed superiority over rest of palms in mother palm, seed nut, and seedling characters. This super palm also registered the highest recovery of quality seedlings indicating its superior prepotent ability. Estimates on recovery of quality seedlings from total number of seed nuts was found to be more reliable than the recovery from total number of seedlings, as a measure of prepotency. Selection of super mother palms as prepotent trees, on the basis of nut yield alone was found to be non-viable Instead, a balance between nut size and number of nuts per bunch is sought. Significant correlations between seedling vigour index and seed nut characters (weight of unhusked nut, husked nut, and meat) led to elucidation of the linear relationships between vigour Index and seed nut characters for use as ready reckoners for improving mother palm selection programme. Significant correlations between seedling vigour index and seed nut characters (weight of unhusked nut, husked nut, and meat) led to elucidation of the linear relationships between vigour Index and seed nut characters for use as ready reckoners for improving mother palm selection programme. Studies on genetic parameters showed that a high amount of genetic factor is Involved in the expression of seed nut characters (weight of unhusked nut, husked nut, and meat) and seedling characters (germination percentage, height, girth-at-collar, number of leaves, leaf area, and age at leaf splitting) as evidenced by high GCV, heritability, coheritability and genotypic correlation values. The results obtained in this seedling progeny analysis will get absolute confirmation only on completion of an adult Progeny analysis
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Genotype X environment interaction, for yield and its component a in sesamum
    (Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1984) Geetha, P; KAU; Gopinathan Nair, V
    A detailed evaluation of the production potential of 15 multipoded and multiloculed types and varieties available at the Department of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, was undertaken to select suitable varieties for the summer rice fallows and robi uplando. The study also aimed at the estimation of genotype x environment interaction, the phenotypic stability of these varieties and the correlations of different characters including seed yield. The field trials were laid out at two locations vis, summer rice « > fallows at Kayamkulam and rabi uplands at Vellayani. The analysis of variance in respect of each character for each location, as well as for both the locations together was done. There was no significant difference between the varieties for number of days to flowering, at both the locations. But they differed significantly for days to maturity, length of pod, number of locules per pod, number of seals per pod, seed yield per plant, weight of thousand seeds and oil content. There was significant difference for height of plants end number of pods per plant in rice fallows and for number of pods per axil in uplands.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Estimation of heterosis in bhindi [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench]
    (Department of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1984) Balachandran, P V; KAU; Manikantan Nair, P
    A study was conducted at the College of Agriculture, Vellayani during Kharif 1983 with fifteen intervarietal, hybrids of bhindi and their parents, aimed at estimating the heterosis manifested by the hybrids and selecting superior ones displaying economic attributes. Study of variability in the population, heritability , and genetic advance with respect to important economic characters along with fruit quality attributes, and association among the characters also formed part of the objectives. The hybrids were obtained in a diallel cross without reciprocals among the single generation inbreds o f six genetically diverse cultivars, originally selected from a germplasm of 57 accessions. The six parents and fifteen hybrids ware evaluated during 1983 in an RBD with three replications . The characters studied included thirteen quantitative traits and four fruit quality attributes
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Variability and heterosis in Intervarietal hybrids of sugarcane
    (Department of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1982) Alice Antony; KAU; Manikantan Nair, P
    A field trial was conducted at Sugarcane Research station Tiruvalla during 19S1 with selected clones after screening the hybrid progeny of the intervarietal cross Co 775 x Co 453* The investigation was conducted with the object of selecting superior hybrids with economic attributes from the progeny possessing wide spectrum of variability by evaluating genetic variability and assessing the extent and magnitude of heterosis. The preliminary studies on the seedling progeny proved its variability for economic attributes. Weight of cane per stool recorded the maximum coefficient of variation followed by number of shoots and number of millable canes per stool. This attribute had positive correlation with all the yield components studied except H.R.Brix. Among the yield components# number of millable canes established the closest association with cane yield. High heritabillty was displayed by almost all the attributes assessed in the clonal population# the maximum being recorded by arrowing and as such these characters were less influenced by environmental variations