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ThesisItem Open Access PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF FUNCTIONAL OATS COOKIES FORTIFIED WITH FISH PROTEIN CONCENTRATE AND PLANT EXTRACTS 2956(JAU, JUNAGADH, 2019-08) MORI MIRABEN RANVIRBHAI; D.V. BHOLARecently, the demand for foods and beverages, which improves health or proves beneficial, has been intensified. Baked cookies can act as an important vehicle carrying bioactive compounds in the field of functional foods. The use of biologically active compounds from plants as functional ingredients in food is gaining interest. Two different experiments were conducted using oats cookies prepared with different percentage of fish protein concentrate (2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10%) and plant extracts, orange peel (O) and cactus fruit extract (C). The aim was to find out the best concentration of FPC and effect of bioactive phyto-chemical of plant extract for enhanced shelf life and keeping quality at room temperature. Oats cookies prepared with 2 % FPC had the highest sensory score for overall acceptability. Oats cookies were prepared with 2 % FPC and different percentage of plant extracts. Treatments included, C (control, without plant extract), C1 (cactus fruit extract 1%), C2 (cactus fruit extract 2%), C3 (cactus fruit extract 3%), C10 (cactus fruit extract 10%), O1 (Orange peel extract 1%), O2 (Orange peel extract 2%), O3 (Orange peel extract 3%) and O10 (Orange peel extract 10%). The proximate composition (protein, fat, moisture, Ash), instrumental analysis (texture, color and spread ratio), biochemical (pH, TMA, TVBN ii and TBA), microbiological (TPC, yeast and mold count) and sensory test were done to access the quality of cookies at 15 days interval during 90 days at room temperature. Cookies fortified with 10% cactus fruit extract performed best, followed by cookies fortified with 10 % orange peel extract. Based on the results, it is concluded that the product had good shelf life of 3-4 months at room temperature with high acceptability.ThesisItem Open Access STUDY ON EFFECT OF DIFFERENT OPEN SUN DRYING METHODS AND PACKAGING ON THE QUALITY OF DRY SALTED LIZARD FISH (Saurida tumbil) 2942(JAU, JUNAGADH, 2019-08) TARAL PRAVINKUMAR VAGHABHAI; D.V. BholaInvestigations were carried out on Effect of Different Open Sun Drying Methods and Packaging on the quality of dry salted Lizard fish (Saurida tumbil) during the year 2018-19 at College of Fisheries, Junagadh Agricultural University, Veraval. Result of Six months analysis indicate that drying and packaging method had more effect on quality and shelf life of dry salted lizard fish. Rack dried (R1) with their treatments D1 gunny bag, D2 200 LDPE air packaging, D3 200 LDPE vacuum packaging (R1D1, R1D2, R1D3) and mat dried (M1) with their treatments M1D1, M1D2, M1D3 salted dried fish value of moisture, protein ash and total lipid as (R1) 18.62 ± 0.05 %, 56.35 ± 0.05 %, 19.44 ± 0.02 % , 5.48 ± 0.01%, (M1) exhibited 25.16 ± 0.02%, 53.13 ± 0.02%, 17.57 ± 0.05%, 5.02 ± 0.02% bio-chemical such as TMA-N, TVB-N, FFA , PV, TBA were 3.2 ± 0.01%, 35.12 ± 0.05 % , 1.5 ± 0.002%, 1.5 ±0.02%, 1.16 ± 0.01% and 7.58 mg %, 51.2 %, 38.22, 1.64 m.equ./kg %, 1.5 %. Microbiological TPC, THC, TFC count were 3.36×105 , 0, 3.15×105 and 3.58×105 , 0, 3.35×105 log cfu/g, in R1 and M1 respectively. (R1D3) was good in all treatment. Rack dried sample was superior to mat dried and vacuum packaging is best than air packaging and gunny bag in terms of all parameter. Dry fish marketing is the only employment opportunity for local fisher women and it is a good source of protein for people in the rural areas.ThesisItem Open Access “STUDY OF SCALE SIZE, SHAPE AND SURFACE MICROSTRUCTURE IN SELECTED GENUS UNDER SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE ALONG VERAVAL HARBOUR, GUJARAT” 2931(JAU, JUNAGADH, 2019-07) TANDEL RUTVIKKUMAR PRAVINBHAI; D. T. VaghelaIn the present study, an approach is made for studying of detail structures of scales from 36 species, belonging to 24 families and 10 orders of marine teleost fishes of Arabian sea with the use of Scanning electron microscope (SEM). The several scale characters i.e., focus area, inter-radial space, number and type of radii, size of lepidonts, type of cteni, inter-radial space is considered vital for the discrimination of these species. From each fish species, scales are taken from the three different body regions i.e., head, belly and caudal region in order to analyse the variation in the microstructure of scales in details. The scale is divided into anterior, lateral and posterior field. Various quantitative measurement i.e., J indices for width, J indices for length measured for discrimination of similar genus species. The scale size and J indices play a valuable tool for species discrimination. Based on evidences in the present study we can accomplish that (i) comparative study of scale morphology and its microstructure can be used to understand taxonomy of teleost species (ii) scale morphology and microscopic structures of scales are important for discrimination and identification of similar genus species.ThesisItem Open Access “LENGTH - WEIGHT RELATIONSHIP AND BIOLOGY OF Wallago attu (FRESH WATER SHARK) FROM BHADAR RESERVOIR’’ 2923(JAU, JUNAGADH, 2019-08) HARI PRASAD; A. Y. DESAIThe present study on Wallago attu was conducted Bhukhi village Dhoraji Taluka of Rajkot district of Gujarat at Bhadar reservoir. Biological information on W. attu such as length-weight relationship, food and feeding habits, sex ratio and fecundity were collected from the Bhadar reservoir gear used by giilnet. The maximum size 109.5 cm was founded during investigation of research. The length weight relationship for males and females were not significant. The condition factor female was higher than male. The overall sex ratio was 1:1.008 and the females dominated in the population during entire investigation. All Maturity stages where founded during study period. The spawning percentage was higher during in month of August because only one breeding season attained by W. attu. The absolute fecundity of W. attu ranged from 16565 – 29883. The annual average ova diameter was 1.38 mm (range 1.1 – 1.9 mm). The GSI of the species was higher in month of August. The Gastrosometic index (GaSI) of the male and female was higher in February and September because it directly relationship between GIS. During breeding season the size of gonad was high so its preferred less food. The percentage of empty stomachs was the highest (26.67%) in July, and the percentage of full stomachs was highest (50%) in February and absent in month of breeding season. The Chanda nama and M. rosenbrgii were the favorite food of W. attu are because it founded to entire season. Morphometric parameters with total length show positive allometric growth for W. attu. The water quality parameter like Temperature, pH, DO. Alkalinity and Hardnees it directly or indirectly relation between them and survivability of W. attu fish. Suggestion to reduce catch of small size fishes for future sustainability and re recruitment.ThesisItem Open Access “EFFECT OF SEAWEED Caulerpa spp. AS DIETARY INGREDIENT ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND SURVIVAL OF Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) FRY” 3019(JAU, JUNAGADH, 2019-10) SOLANKI RAVINA DHIRUBHAI; N. H. JOSHIThe study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of seaweed (Caulerpa spp.) as feed additive on specific growth rate, weight gain, survival and some biochemical parameters in rohu (Labeo rohita) fry for 60 days. The five experimental diets were prepared by adding Caulerpa spp. at 0% (control diet), 3% (T1), 6% (T2), 9% (T3) and 12% (T3) inclusion level. Total 150 numbers of rohu (Labeo rohita) fry were randomly distributed into five treatments (control + treatment), each in three replicate. Sampling was carried out at every 15 days to monitor growth performance and to adjust rations. The water quality parameters viz. DO, alkalinity, pH and temperature was found in the permissible range during entire experimental period. Based on the results, there was a significant difference (P>0.05) reported in weight and length gain of fry fed with the different feeds during a period of 60 days. Fishes fed with T2 (Treatment) diet showed the highest mean weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) than those fed with other diets. Lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) and highest specific growth rate (SGR) SGR was obtained in T2.In the proximate analyses of the fish carcass the protein content was significantly highest in T2 compared to other treatments. The fat content was significantly higher in T4. From the findings of the current study it can be concluded that seaweed Caulerpa spp. is a potential protein rich basal ingredient and can be used to as good feed additive if used 6% level in the diets of rohu (Labeo rohita) fry without compromising its growth performance.ThesisItem Open Access “EFFECT OF PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF FISH MEAL WITH EARTHWORM (Eisenia fetida) MEAL IN THE DIET OF Labeo rohita FRY” 3018(JAU, JUNAGADH, 2019-09) SOSA KANAK JETHABHAI; K. H. VadherThe experiment on “Effect of partial replacement of fish meal with earthworm meal in the diet of Labeo rohita fry” was conducted during the September to November, 2018 in the wet laboratory of College of Fisheries Science, Junagadh Agricultural University, Veraval. The objective of the present study was to find out the effect of partial replacement of fish meal with earthworm meal in the diet of L. rohita fry. In this experiment, the data pertaining to growth, survival rate, feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio of L. rohita fry at partial replacement of earthworm meal were evaluated. L. rohita fry (average weight 0.103gm) were stocked at a density of 10 nos. /aquarium in all 20 aquaria. Five experimental diets were formulated and prepared. Approximately 35% protein level was maintained in all the diets. Diet prepared without earthworm meal protein (control) and other four diets containing 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% earthworm meal protein were prepared and fed to L. rohita fry at 10% body weight two times in a day for 60 days. Highest mean weight gain, SGR, PER and lowest FCR were recorded in 10% (T3) earthworm meal protein diet. 100% Survival rate were recorded in treatment including control diet. The result of the present investigation revealed that partial replacement of earthworm meal significantly affected the mean weight gain, SGR, survival rate, FCR and PER of L. rohita fry.ThesisItem Open Access LENGTH – WEIGHT RELATIONSHIP AND BIOLOGY OF Nemipterus mesoprion (Bleeker, 1853) LANDED AT VERAVAL LANDING CENTER,3014(JAU, JUNAGADH, 2019-10) GOHEL KIRAN RATANSHEE; H. K. KardaniThe present study on Nemipterus mesoprion was conducted at Veraval landing center of Gujarat. N. mesoprion collected from the trawlers were used for study of biological information such as length-weight relationship, food and feeding habits, sex ratio and fecundity. Mainly multi-day fleet of trawlers are used for exclusively collection of samples. The highest length of the fish was observed 257 mm during November month while lowest length was observed 77 mm during February month, with a mean length of 155 ± 22 mm. The length weight relationship for males and females were significantly different. The overall sex ratio was 1:1.05 for male and female. They spawned throughout the year with the peak in September and November. The 50% of the individuals matured when their body measured a total length of 170 mm. Gonadosomatic index was the highest during November. The Gastrosometic index of the male and female was higher in August and September. Fish and Crustacean especially Acetes spp. And Penaeid Prawns were the common dietary component. The percentage of empty stomachs and one fourth stomachs were present in all the months with high percentage. Fecundity of the species was ranged from 10464 to 53072. The estimated size of ova ranged from 101 to 650 µm. The present investigations will helpful to provide baseline data for the conservation and management of this fishery resource for future outlook.ThesisItem Open Access ICHTHYOFAUNAL DIVERSITY OF KADANA RESERVOIR, GUJARAT, 3012(JAU, JUNAGADH, 2019-09) MUNIYA TORAL NAVALSING; H. K. KardaniThe present study deals with ichthyofaunal diversity of Kadana reservoir, Gujarat. Sampling was done at every month during July 2018 to February 2019. Total 32 species from 6 orders, 13 families and 22 genera were recorded during the present study. Cypriniformes was the dominant order in term of species diversity (12 species) followed by Siluriformes (10 species), Perciformes (6 species) and Synbranchiformes (2 species) and Osteoglossiformes and Beloniformes were represented by 1 species each. Dominant families were Cyprinidae (12 species) followed by Bagridae (4 species), Siluridae and Channidae (3 species), Mastacembelidae (2 species), 1 species of Claridae, Heteropneustidae, Schilbeidae, Cichlidae, Ambassidae, Gobiidae, Belonidae and Notopteridae families. Total of 32 species of fishes were recorded during study period. Out of these 1 species comes under vulnerable status, 27 fish species comes under status of least concern, 1 fish species comes under data deficient status and 4 fish species comes under near threaten. During month of February highest fish diversity was found. Average fish diversity was found during month of July and lowest diversity was found during the month of November. The range of different physico chemical parameters were observed such as water temperature 25oC – 32oC; pH 8.5– 9.2; Dissolved Oxygen 7.2 – 8.3 mg/l; Total alkalinity 172 – 189 mg/l; Total hardness 162 – 174 mg/l. This is first ever study on the fish diversity of Kadana reservoir and would help in explore the fish fauna of Kadana reservoir.ThesisItem Open Access STUDY ON SOME BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF CRAB, Portunus sanguinolentus (Herbst, 1783) LANDED AT VERAVAL COAST, GUJARAT 3010(JAU, JUNAGADH, 2019-08) PARGI NARENDRAKUMAR ARJUNSINH; D. T. VaghelaThe biological study on Portunus sanguinolentus was conducted at Veraval coast of Gujarat. It is exploited by the use of trawler throughout the year during August to March month at Veraval coast of Gujarat. The biological information of crab such as length - weight relationship, food and feeding habits, sex ratio and fecundity were collected from the multiday trawler operated along Veraval coast of Gujarat. The highest observed length of the crab was 270.2 mm with a mean length of 109 ± 26 mm. The overall sex ratio was 1:1.14. They spawned round the year with its peak during August and September. Absolute fecundity of the species was 7,44,900 - 6,02,910. Gonadosomatic index was the highest during March. Gastrosometic index was highest during November. Fish and Crustacean were the most preferred food item than other food items. The present investigations will helpful to people by providing the baseline data for the conservation and management aspects of the fishery resource for future purpose.
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