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ThesisItem Open Access CHARACTERIZATION AND EVALUATION OF SESAME GERMPLASM (Sesamum indicum L.)(JAU,JUNAGADH, 2009-07) Khairnar 8. S.; Dr. B. A. MonparaSesame is an important edible oil seed crop, extensively grown in India. The present investigation was undertaken to characterize sesame germplasm and to know the extent of genetic variability, nature and magnitude of associations and direct and indirect effects of component characters. Ninety germplasm lines were grown in randomized block design with three replications at the Agricultural Research Station, J.A.U., Amreli during Kharif200S. The observations were recorded for five qualitative characters and fourteen quantitative traits. Qualitative traits were branching pattern, capsule arrangement, locules per capsule, seed colour and hair on capsule. Quantitative traits recorded on five randomly selected plants in each plot were days to initiation of flowering, days to 50 % flowering, reproductive period, days to maturity, plant height, number of primary branches per plant, number of capsules per plant, length of capsule, number of seeds per capsule, 1000 seed weight, oil content, biological yield per plant, harvest index and seed yield per plant. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes for all the characters. The value of GCV was higher for biological yield per plant followed by seed yield per plant, harvest index and number of capsules per plant. Whereas, PCV value was higher for biological yield per plant followed by seed yield per plant, harvest index, number of primary branches per plant and number of capsules per plant. High heritability was associated with high genetic advance for seed yield per plant, number of seeds per capsule, harvest index, biological yield per plant and number of capsules per plant. In most of the cases, high genetic advance was accompanied with high heritability. Number of capsules per plant, oil content, biological yield per plant and harvest index but not days to maturity was associated significantly and negatively with seed yield per plant. Reproductive period, plant height, length of capsule, biological yield per plant and harvest index were the characters, which had a major share toward seed yield directly. Indirect contribution by number of primary branches per plant, plant height, number of capsules per plant, reproductive period, harvest index and biological yield was seen and strong positive association between number of capsules per plant, oil content, harvest index and seed yield per plant as well as biological yield per plant indicated that emphasis should also be given to the number of capsules per plant and biological yield per plant in selection programme for improvement of seed yield in sesameThesisItem Open Access GENETIC STUDIES ON YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS IN PEARL MILLET [ Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.](JAU,JUNAGADH, 2004-08) V.V.ANSODARIYA; Dr. C.J.DANGARIAInformation regarding heterosis and combining ability in respect of grain yield and yield components was obtained in the present investigation. The material for present study comprised of 10 diverse parents (inbreds) and their forty-five hybrids. They were evaluated in tho rainiomized block design, replicated three times at the Main Millet Research Station, Junagadh Agricultural University, Jamnagar during kharif-2002. Observations were recorded on days to flowering, days to maturity, length of protogyny, plant height (cm), effective tiller per plant, ear head length (cm), ear head girth (cm), test weight (g), ear head weight (g), compactness(cm^), dry fodder yield per plant (g) and grain yield per plant (g). The data were analysed to estimate heterosis and combining ability for these traits. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among genotypes, parents and hybrids for all the characters. Parents Vs hybrids differed significantly for all the characters except number of effective tillers per plant, ear head girth, ear head weight and compactness, indicating the presence of conspicuous heterosis. The magnitude of heterosis varied from cross to cross for all the characters. Ear head weight and grain yield per plant exhibited the highest heterotic values, whereas, least heterosis was observed for days to flowering. Heterosis in grain yield was reflected through heterosis In plant height, ear head length, 1000-grain weight, ear head weight and dry fodder yield per plant. The crosses, J-2459 x IPC-1518, J-2459 x J- 2290 ?-d RHRBI-458 x IPC-1518 exhibited the highest heterotic effect and mean performance for grain yield. Combining ability analysis showed that general as well as specific combining ability was significant for all the characters. The predictability ratio, GCA : SCA variance, suggested predominant role of additive gene action for plant height, ear head length, ear head girth, lOOO-seed weight and compactness; non additive gene action for length of protogyny, ear head weight, dry fodder as well as grain yield per plant, while both were equally important for days to flowering, days to maturity and effective tillers per plant. The hybrids, RHRBI-458 x IPC-1518, J-2340 x IPC-1518, RHRBI- 458 X J-2459, RHRBI-458 x D-23 and J-2442 X J-2290 were the promising ones on the basis of SCA effect, per se performance, and heterosis, which could be exploited for improvement in grain yield and its components. The parents like RHRBI-458, J-2442, J-2459, IPC-1518 and D-23 could be used in hybridization programme to exploit their GCA effects for grain yield and some other important contributing traits. The hybrids viz., RHRBI-458 x D-23, RHRBI-458 x IPC-1518, RHRBI-458 x J-2459, J-2459 x IPC-1518 and J-2442 x IPC-1518 displayed high per se performance, high estimates of heterobeltiosis, high SCA and involves both the parents with high GCA effects. Such crosses have potential to throw desirable transgresants in the segregating material, which the breeder can handle through pedigree method for the development of high yielding inbred lines.ThesisItem Open Access LINE X TESTER OVER ENVIRONWIENTS IN PEARL IWIILLET {PenimlsetiBm glaiscum (L.) R.Br)(JAU,JUNAGADH, 2004-03) M. H. Vaghasiya; Dr. K.V. PethaniThe heterosis and combining ability over environments were investigated for fourteen characters using eight male sterile lines and eleven pollinators in a line x tester mating design. These 19 parents and their 88 crosses were grown in randomized block design with three replications at two different environments at Junagadh (Ei) and at Jamnagar (E2). Observations were recorded on ten randomly selected plants in each entiy for days to first stigma receptivity, days to last stigma dry, stigma receptivity duration, days to first anthesis, days to last anthesis, anthesis duration, number of nodes per plant, earhead length, earhead girth, number of tillers per plant, plant height, days to maturity, 1000 grain weight and grain yield. The pooled analysis of variance revealed that all the sources of variation were significant for all the characters except parents for stigma receptivity duration and anthesis duration. The higher magnitude of heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis were obtained higher for stigma receptivity duration, anthesis duration, earhead length, number of tillers per plant, 1000 grain weight and grain yield and lower for remaining traits. The crosses viz., 94555 A x J-2313, 95222 A X J-2290, PN 6 A x J-2278, PN 6 A x J-998 and 218 A x J-2290 exhibited exploitable economic heterosis for grain yield and its components. Hybrids showing high economic heterotic effects for grain yield also depicted high heterotic response for at least one or more of its yield attributing characters and were in the combination of high x high, high X low and low x low par ss performing parents. Heterosis over standard check was generally in positive direction for all the characters viz., days to last last stigma dry, stigma receptivity duration, days to last anthesis, anthesis duration, number of nodes per plant, earhead length, earhead girth, number of tillers per plant, plant height, 1000 grain weight and grain yield. Whereas, it is generally in negative direction for days to first stigma receptivity, days to first anthesis and days to maturity. The pooled analysis of variance for combining ability revealed that variance due to females, males and females x males were significant for all the characters and greater role of additive genetic variance was indicated in the case of stigma receptivity duration, earhead length, days to maturity, plant height and grain yield. Whereas, preponderance of non-additive type of gene action was exhibited for days to first stigma receptivity, days to last stigma dry, days to first anthesis, anthesis duration, number of nodes per plant, earhead girth, number of tillers per plant and 1000 grain weight. The information on best general combiners for various characters revealed that JMS 9901 A for days to first stigma receptivity; 218 A for days to last stigma dry; JMS 9902 A for stigma receptivity duration; JMS 9901 A for days to first anthesis; 218 A for days to last anthesis; J-2369 for anthesis duration; J-2290 for number of nodes per plant; 214 A for earhead length; SB-223 for earhead girth; J-2296 for number of tillers per plant; J-2278 for plant height; JMS 9901 A for days to maturity; JMS 9902 A for 1000 grain weight and 95222 A, PN 6 A and J-2290 for grain yield were good general combiners for respective traits. The best specific combiners were 218 A x J-2340 for days to first stigma receptivity, 405 A x J-2313 for days to last stigma dry, JMS-9902 A X J-2290 for stigma receptivity duration, 218 A x J-2340 for days to first anthesis, 405 A x J-2313 for days to last anthesis, JMS 9902 A x J- 2296 for anthesis duration, 95222 A x SB-124 for number of nodes per plant, 214 A X J-998 for earhead length, 214 A x SB-223 for earhead girth, 94555 A x J-2290 for number of tillers per plant, 94555 A x SB- 124 for plant height, 218 A x J-2340 for days to maturity, 95222 A x J- 998 for 1000 grain weight and 94555 A x J-2313 for grain yield. Crosses showing high sea effects for grain yield were in combination of high x high, high x low and low x low general combiners. On the basis of heterosis and combining ability, the parents viz., PN 6 A, 95222 A, 94555 A, J-2290 and J-2278 and the hybrids viz., 94555 A X J-2313, 95222 A x J-2290, PN 6 A x J-2278 and PN 6 A x J- 998 were found to offer the best possibilities of their further exploitation for developing high yielding varieties of pearl millet.ThesisItem Open Access AGROBACTERIUM MWDIKT^X) GENETIC TRANSEORMATION AND REGENERATION OF PUTATIVE TRANSGENICS IN GROUNDNUT {Arachis hypogaea L.) WITH THE MANNITOL 1-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE GENE FOR STRESS TOLERANCE(JAU,JUNAGADH, 2009-04) Tengale Dipak Bhauso; Dr. Radhakrishnan T.Groundnut is a major oil seed crop of the world. The biotic and abiotic stress happens to be the major constraints in groundnut production. The plant mtlD genes, can be engineered into the desired crop plants by genetic transformation and regeneration there of resulting in the development of transgenic plants. Putative transgenics of groundnut {Arachis hypogaea L.) with mtlD gene were produced efficiently by Agrobacterium mediated genetic trcmsformation. The De-embiyonated cotyledons from cultivars GG-20 were co-cultured with the Agrobacterium strain LBA4404 harbouring a binary vector pCAMVmtlD containing mtlD (mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase gene) and nptll (neomycin phosphotransferase genes) as selectable marker. A high percentage of (77.10%) de-embryonated cotyledon explants regenerated to form multiple shoot buds which were subsequently sub-cultured on MS medium containing 30 mg/L kanamycin for employing high selection pressure for screening transformants. From the total regenerated shoots 34% were completely resistant to kanamycin whereas, all the control plants bleached in selection medium. The putative transgenic plants with well-developed roots were first established in Hoagland medium and finally transferred to earthen pots for hardening. Hundred percent rooting was observed in rooting medium and the hardening of the plants from de-embryonated cotyledons. The integration of the transgene was assessed by the PGR amplification of the genomic DNA from the transformants with nptll gene specific primers. In the PGR analysis, out of the total number of established kanamycin resistant plants the DNA was isolated from 43 plants selected. In the PGR using specific primers out of 43 putative transgenic plants, 37 plants (86.04%) were found positive for the nptll gene and mtlD gene producing the expected size of band. Fifteen independently transformed putative transgenic plants were maintained and forwarded for further analysis and confirmation. Fertile plants were obtained which flowered normally and in all the positive plants maintained in pots normal pod formation was observed. The pods were collected, dried properly cmd stored for progression of the generation and further analysis.ThesisItem Open Access FULL DIALLEL ANALISYS IN PEARL MILLET (PENNISETUM GLAUCUM (L.) R.BR.)(JAU,JUNAGADH, 2011-07) A.S. BHADALIA; H.J. JOSHIThesisItem Open Access MORFOLOGICAL AND MONECULAR GENETICS DIVERSITY ANYLISYS IN DURUM WHEAT(JAU,JUNAGADH, 2010-05) TAMBE ASHWINI EKNATHRAO; V.P. CHOVATIYAThesisItem Open Access GENETICS STUDIES IN BOTTLE GOURD(JAU,JUNAGADH, 2010-06) P.M. VEGAD; M.A. VADDORIAThesisItem Open Access CHARACTERLIZATION AND EVOLUTION OF SESAME GERMPLAMS(JAU,JUNAGADH, 2009-07) S.S. KHAIRNAR; B.A. MONPARAThesisItem Open Access HETEROSIS AND COMBINING ABILITY IN BOTTLEGOURD (Lagenaria siceraria standl.)(JAU,JUNAGADH, 2009-07) GAWALI NILESH BALASAHEB; M.D. KHANPARA