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ThesisItem Open Access Influence of photoperiod on morpho-physiological traits of soybean breeding lines [Glycine max L. Merrill](Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani, 2021-05-24) Ghuge, Vivekanand Ramkisan; Salunke, V.D.The present investigation entitled “Influence of photoperiod on Morpho- physiological traits of Soybean Breeding Lines [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]” was undertaken. The experiments were conducted during rainy 2018, post-rainy 2018 and summer 2019 at Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani (MS). The experiment consisting of 81 genotypes (75 + 5 checks + 1 parent) to screen for various morpho-physiological traits, yield and yield components viz; days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, number of pods per plant, dry matter, leaf area, chlorophyll content (SPAD value), biological yield, seed yield, harvest index, 100 seed weight and oil content. The performance with respect to morpho-physiological characters yield and yield attributes was poor during post-rainy season as compared to rainy and summer season. Leaf area increased progressively from vegetative to pod initiation stage and declined thereafter up to harvest. Significant differences were found among the genotypes for relative growth rate and absolute growth rate at all the growth stages. In general, relative growth rate and absolute growth rate increased with an advancement of crop growth. The genotypes which yielded high possessed significantly higher relative growth rate and absolute growth rate over other genotypes. Relative growth rate and absolute growth rate (30 DAS and 60 DAS) were found to have significant correlation with seed yield during variable seasonal conditions. Dry matter and Net assimilation rate (30 DAS & 60 DAS) were found to have significantly correlated with seed yield during variable photoperiodic conditions both at genotypic and phenotypic levels. Genotypes differed significantly with respect to biological yield and harvest index under variable seasons and exhibited significant correlation with seed yield. Seed yield and yield components differed significantly between the genotypes. Days to 50% flowering, days to maturity were found to have negative but highly significant correlation with seed yield under variable seasons. Number of pods per plant (60 DAS & 90 DAS) and oil content exhibited positive and significant correlation with seed yield. However, considering direct and indirect effects under variable seasons, the morpho-physiological traits viz; dry matter (g), absolute growth rate, relative growth rate and net assimilation rate while seed yield and its components viz; days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, number of pods per plant and oil content may be considered for improvement of soybean. Finally, it can be concluded that for selection of better genotypes under variable photoperiod, the following important characters viz; dry matter, absolute growth rate, relative growth rate, net assimilation rate, leaf area, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, harvest index, biological yield may be considered since, these parameters were found to have significantly correlated with seed yield. Of the evaluated 81 genotypes (75 + 5 checks + 1 parent) it is found that genotypes viz; 49P-124/3, 51-8-64, 51-8-29, 51-PB-111/1, 51-PB-66/1, 51-PB-48/1, 51-PB-3/1, C75-50, C75-1, C75-32, C75-43, C75-8, C75-44, C75-58, 416-25-89 and 416-25-7 are superior in terms of seed yield across seasons.
