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ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON HERNIOPLASTY WITH BIOLOGICAL AND NON -BIOLOGICAL IMPLANTS IN BOVINE(Birsa Agricultural University, 1985) DEOKIOULIYAR, UPENDRA KUMAR; KHAN, A.A.1. Preserved homologous pericardium appeared to be a very promising material for tissue substitute in the repair of large abdominal hernias. 2. The autogenous full-thickness free skin implant can be used for this purpose but the feasibility of infection in sporadic cases cannot be ruled out. 3. Large hernias repaired with these biological tissues appeared resistant to natural strains. 4. No cyst formation vas observed macroscopically and microscopically. 5. Epidermis and epidermal elements degenerated and showed complete desquamation, the process being earlier with inlay technique. Graft appeared to be metamorphosed by sixteen weeks. 6 With only skin graft the development of a thick fibrocellular layer due to better proliferation of fibroblasts appeared to be an added advantage. 7. Preserved pericardial tissue seemed to be tolerated well and no evidence of rejection by the host animal was discernible.ThesisItem Open Access COMPRESSION OSTEOSYNTHESIS FOR LONG BONE FRACTURES IN GOATS(Birsa Agricultural University, 1985) BUCHOO, BASHIR AHMAD; Sahay, P.N.From the results of the present study, the following conclusions have been drawn: 1. Bony union is almost complete after 4th week with compression plating whereas plaster cast immobilization is not capable of oblicorating the fracture gap completely even up to 6th wook. 2. Plantar cast immobilization results in a number of post-operative complications like stiff joints, munale atrophy and infection like problems. On the contrary pain-free mobilization of joints and muscles with the use of ompression plating eliminates much complications, enables early ambulation and rapid recovery. Moreover, easy approach to the wound in the soft tissus enables the post-operative care of the compound fractures easier and thus limit the chances of post-operative infection. 3. stable and rigid fixation offered by compression plating reduces the chances of failures during fracture healing. Contrarily planter cast provides inadequate immobilisation resulting into displacement and over-ridding followed by non-unions. 4. Compression plating eliminates inter-fragmental movement between the fractured ends and results in primary bona healing and full, active pain-free mobilization of the affected limb. Relative movement between the fractured bona fragments due to inadequate stabilization by plastar cast indudas massive callus formation, regarded as a teloid of the bone. 5. The concept that compression plating promotes osteogenesis and thereby shortens healing period has been appropriately vindicated by the results of the present study. 6. Compression plating technique for fracture repair appears to be an ideal method for the radial and ulnar fractures in goats.ThesisItem Open Access CLINICO- BIOCHEMICAL ALTERATIONS AND EFFICACY OF PERITONEAL LAVAGE IN BOVINE PERITONITIS(Birsa Agricultural University, 1983) MOHANTY, DEBABRATA; Sahay, P.N.. Diffuse peritonitis resulting from bacterial and chemical irritants is highly fatal in cattle. 11. Vigorous, aggressive therapy is necessary to overcome the physiologic alterations associated with diffuse peritonitis. 111. The disease develops progressively and is characterized clinically by elevated body temperature, pulse and respiration, leukocytosis vith shift to left and haemoconcentration. iv. Significant hypoglycemia and increased plasma protein and B.U.II. levels are biochemical features of the late peritonitis in cattle. v. The disease can be effectively combated with peritoneal lavage and systemic antibiotic therapy administered together. vi. Either of systemic antibiotic or peritoneal lavage therapy alone in inadequate for this malady. However, the latter is superior comparatively. vii. Lavage fluid consisting of normal saline solution and local antibiotic is efficacious for the irrigation of peritoneal cavity. viii, Closed method of intermittent lavage is safe, easier, quicker to perform and devoid of cThesisItem Open Access TENOPPHAPHY OF NEGLECTED RUPTURE OF TENDO ACHILLES IN CANINES -AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY(Birsa Agricultural University, 1984) Sharma, JITENDRA; KHAN, A.A.1. Functional limb usage is earlier in cases repaired with fascial strips than those where tenoplasty is effected using tendon strip or Bunnell-Mager suturing. 2. The external immobilization of the limb appears to be essential for a minimum period of six weeks where tendon strip and stainless steel wire are used in cases of delayed repair. 3. The Range of Motion of hock joint is directly proportional to the extent of adhesions around the repaired tendo Achilles. 4. An increase in ROM does not always show an improvement in functional limb usage, if the weight bearing on the affected limb in partial or absent. 5. The greater is the trauma to the tendon and surrounding tissues the greater are adhesions as revealed by fasciagraphy. 6. All the grafts are taken up by the host tendons and there is no rejection when fresh and autogenous fascia lata or tendon strip graft are used. 7. Repair in neglected cases with a combination of fascial strips between stumps and fascia lata sheet around the gapping ends provides superior performance in terms of histopathological findings of healing and clinical features. 8. Autogenously tendon strip and fascia lata cuff when used together are comparatively slow to effect union between tendon ends. 9. Where only stainless steel wire and a fascial cuff are used in unapposed tendon ends, the healing is slower than where a strip of tendon or fascial strips are interposed between tendon ends. 10. The new fibrous tissue proliferation with mature fibroblast cells growing from the fascial cuff and surrounding tissues towards tendon junction supports the earlier findings that the healing in tendons is from without inwards. 11. At four weeks, the fate of fascial strips and tendon strip is not ascertainable histopathologically or by gross examination. 12. The fascial cuff begins to separate six weeks after repair and the tubular fascial graft remains viable till six weeks. 13. Silk appears to provoke higher cellular reaction than stainless steel wire, while the latter may incite mechanical irritation in isolated cases.ThesisItem Open Access COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF HETEROGENOUS BONE PLATING AND NEUTRATIZATION PLATING FOR REPAIR OF FEMUR FRACTURE IN GOATS(Birsa Agricultural University, 1984) MOULVI, BASHIR AHMAD; SAHAY, P.N.1. Bone plates can be prepared from the cortical portion of adult bovine ribs and may be used successfully for the repair of femur fracture in goats. 2. Chemical treatment of bone plates sequentially with hydrogen peroxide and ether makes them appropriate for heterogenous use. 3. With heterogenous bone plating optimal healing is discernible by 4 weeks while with neutralization plating the process appears to be incomplete even by six weeks, thus the former reduces the period of repair. 4. The feasibility of failure with single plating is very less with heterogenous bone plate than with neutralization plate. 5. Neutralization plates cause thinning of the cortex and hence the bone has to be protected after removal of the plate to prevent fatigue fracture. 6. Serum alkaline phosphatase activity reaches the peak in 21 days after which it gradually decreases to near normal by 42 days. And on 42 days there is 14.26% decrease of the peak value. These changes are independent of the materials used for immobilization. 7. The concept that fracture healing process is stimulated by heterogenous bone plate has been confirmed by the results of this study.ThesisItem Open Access COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF MIDAZOLAM AND DEXMEDETOMIDINE AS PREANAESTHETIC IN ETOMIDATE AND KETOFOL ANAESTHESIA IN UMBILICAL HERNIORRHAPHY OF PIGLETS(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi) Kaushik, Rashmi; Sharma, A.K.The present research work was conducted to evaluate the accessibility of dexmedetomidine, midazolam in conjunction with ketofol and etomidate on clinico-physiological, anaesthetic, and haemato- biochemical profiles in piglets during umbilical herniorrhaphy. The study was conducted in 20 piglets of aged 2 to 4 months weighing between 10-15 kg presented in the department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology (R.V.C) for umbilical herniorrhaphy. The pigs were apparently in healthy condition with reducible hernia and were randomly allocated in to four groups of five animals and designated as groups I, II, III and IV. Atropine sulphate was given 20 min prior to administration of ketofol or etomidate. Midazolam was given @0.5 mg/kgbwt intramuscularly, just 5 minutes after atropine sulphate thereby ketofol or etomidate “ to effect” was administered intravenously after 15 min of midazolam administration in the animals of group I and II respectively. Whereas, Animals of groups III and IV were given dexmedetomidine @ 10 μg/kgbwt as preanesthetic followed by ketofol or etomidate “to effect” to achieve surgical anaesthesia. After attaining surgical anaesthesia, Herniorraphy was conducted as per standard protocol. Post- operatively, ceftriaxone as antibiotic and meloxicam as antiinflammatory was administered for a period of 5 and 3 days respectively in all the groups after herniorrhaphy. Heart rate (beats/min), respiration rate (/min), rectal temperature (ºF), oxygen saturation and pulse as well as anaesthetic observation such as muscle relaxation, pedal reflex, palpebral reflex and intubation response were recorded at 0, 5, 15, 25, 40 and 60 minutes of observations. Induction time (min), Comparative evaluation of midazolam and dexmedetomidine as preanesthetic in etomidate and ketofol anaesthesia in umbilical herniorrhaphy of piglets recovery time (min), sternal-recumbancy time (min), standing recovery time (min), complete recovery time (min) and duration of anaesthesia (min) were also recorded. Haematological parameters like haemoglobin, packed cell volume, total erythrocyte count, total leucocyte count, differential leucocyte count and biochemical parameters like blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, serum glucose ALT, AST, creatine phosphokinase MB, albumin and total protein were recorded before the surgery and at 25 min, 60 min, 24 hrs and 48 hrs after surgery. Heart rate exhibited transient and non- significant variations at different intervals following administration of different anaesthetic combinations in all the groups. The value observed at 40 minute and 60 minute in group III and IV exhibited significant fall as compared to the value observed in group II at corresponding intervals. Whereas group I showed a non-significant variation among the groups. A non-significant alterations in respiration rate has been recorded at different interval of group I. In Group II , the value recorded on 40 minute of observation exhibited significant decrease as compared to base value. In animals treated with dexmedetomidine + ketofol (Group III) exhibited significant (p0.05) at different intervals of observation whereas the DLC revealed and neutrophilia at initial intervals of observation which returned towards the base value by the end of observation. BUN, creatinine, serum glucose, ALT, and AST showed a non – significant variation at different intervals of observation post anaesthesia in all the groups. The value of creatine phosphokinase MB observed afterward, post anaesthesia revealed non- significant variation within (p>0.05) the groups but value recorded in group II at different intervals exhibited significant elevation (p0.05) at different intervals of observation in group I whereas the value recorded at 48 hours of observation in group II exhibited significant increase (p0.05) to animals of group III. The recovery time in group I revealed a non- significant increase as compared to other groups whereas the sternal recombency time was more in group III followed by group I group II and IV. In case of Standing recovery time there is non significant increase in value in group II followed by group III, group I then group I. Complete recovery time was non significantly higher in group I followed Comparative evaluation of midazolam and dexmedetomidine as preanesthetic in etomidate and ketofol anaesthesia in umbilical herniorrhaphy of piglets by group III group II group I. The anaesthetic duration was non significantly variable among the groups but it was higher in group I followed by II, III, and IV
