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Subject: Floriculture and Landscaping ×

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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    "EFFECT OF NPK, BIOFERTILIZERS AND BIOSTIMULANTS ON GROWTH, FLOWERING, SEED YIELD AND QUALITY OF CHINA ASTER (Callistephus chinensis L.) Cv. ARKA KAMINI”
    (COLLEHE OF HORITCULTURE, MOJERLA, 2021-11-27) SRIPATHI BHARATHKUMAR; Dr. P. PRASANTH; Dr. M. SREENIVAS; Dr. P. GOUTHAMI; Dr. G. SATHISH
    The present study entitled “Effect of NPK, Biofertilizers and Biostimulants on growth, flowering, seed yield and quality of China aster (Callistephus chinensis L.) Cv. Arka Kamini” was carried at Floricultural Research Station, (Agricultural Research Institute) Rajendranagar, Hyderabad during November to April 2020- 2021. The experiment was laid out in Completely Randomized Design with three replications and seven treatments viz., T1 - RDF 100 %, T2 - RDF 75 % + Azotobacter + PSB + KSB, T3 - RDF 75 % + Azotobacter + PSB + KSB + Seaweed extract (0.5 %), T4 - RDF 75 % + Azotobacter + PSB + KSB + Humic acid (0.5 %), T5 - RDF 50 % + Azotobacter + PSB + KSB, T6 - RDF 50 % + Azotobacter + PSB + KSB + Seaweed extract (0.5 %) and T7 - RDF 50 % + Azotobacter + PSB + KSB + Humic acid (0.5 %). The study revealed that significant differences were recorded in China aster. Among the growth parameters, maximum plant height (8.27, 23.56 and 32.27 cm) at 30, 60 and 90 DAT were noticed in T6 i.e., RDF 50 % + Azotobacter + PSB + KSB + Seaweed extract (0.5 %). Maximum number of branches per plant (6.20 and 23.96) at 30 and 90 DAT was recorded in T7 i.e., RDF 50 % + Azotobacter + PSB + KSB + Humic acid (0.5 %) and (12.22) at 60 DAT was observed in T3- RDF 75 % + Azotobacter + PSB + KSB + Seaweed extract (0.5 %) Among different flowering parameters T3- RDF 75 % + Azotobacter + PSB + KSB + Seaweed extract (0.5 %) recorded least number of days taken for flower bud initiation (50.64 days), minimum number of days taken for bud opening (18.33 days), minimum number of days for 50 % flowering (60.97 days) and maximum duration of flowering (48.37 days). Among different treatment combinations T6 - RDF 50 % + Azotobacter + PSB + KSB + Seaweed extract (0.5 %) recorded maximum flower diameter (5.53 cm). Whereas, T3 - RDF 75 % + Azotobacter + PSB + KSB + Seaweed extract (0.5 %) recorded maximum flower longevity on plant (15.22 days), maximum number of flowers per plant (21.98) and maximum flower yield per plant (50.16 g). The application of RDF 75% + Azotobacter + PSB + KSB + Seaweed extract (0.5%) (T3) recorded highest seed yield per flower (0.30 g), seed yield per plant (6.59), number of seeds per gram (484.00 g) and test weight (1.72). Further, maximum germination percentage (90.00 %), seedling length (5.93 cm) and seedling vigour index (534.67) was recorded in T6 - RDF 50 % + Azotobacter + PSB + KSB + Seaweed extract (0.5 %). The highest available nitrogen (208.33 kg/ha) phosphorus (57.91 kg/ha) and potassium (162.56 kg/ha) in soil was recorded by the application of RDF 75 % + Azotobacter + PSB + KSB + Seaweed extract (0.5 %) (T3) The data on the economics of effect of NPK, Biofertilizers and Biostimulants on China aster revealed that, T3 - RDF 75 % + Azotobacter + PSB + KSB + Seaweed extract (0.5 %) recorded the highest benefit cost ratio (2.37) over other treatments. It can be concluded that, T6 - RDF 50 % + Azotobacter + PSB + KSB + Seaweed extract (0.5 %) proved to be the best treatment compared to other treatments to improve plant height, flower quality and yield parameters and seed quality parameters of China aster. While, T3 i.e., RDF 75 % + Azotobacter + PSB + KSB + Seaweed extract (0.5 %) was found to be the best treatment to improve flowering parameters, seed parameters and soil nutrient status of China aster
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    “EFFECT OF INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT ON GROWTH, FLOWER YIELD AND QUALITY OF MARIGOLD (Tagetes erecta L.) cv. ARKA BANGARA”
    (COLLEHE OF HORITCULTURE, MOJERLA, 2021-12-08) Mr. SRAVANKUMAR THOKALA; Dr. N. SEENIVASAN; Dr. M. SREENIVAS; Dr. P. GOUTHAMI; Dr. G. SATHISH
    A field experiment was conducted on “effect of integrated nutrient management on growth, flower yield and quality of marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) cv. arka bangara.” at PG Research Block, College of Horticulture, Mojerla, Wanaparthy, Telangana during Rabi, 2020-21. The experiment was laid out in Factorial Randomized block design with three replications and nine treatments viz., T1- 75% RDF + AMC (Arka Microbial Consortium) 75%, T2- 75% RDF + AMC (Arka Microbial Consortium) 100%, T3- 75% RDF + APK (Azotobacter + PSB + KSB) 75%, T4- 75% RDF + APK (Azotobacter + PSB + KSB) 100%, T5- 100% RDF + AMC (Arka Microbial Consortium) 75%, T6- 100% RDF + AMC (Arka Microbial Consortium) 100%, T7- 100% RDF + APK (Azotobacter + PSB + KSB) 75%, T8- 100% RDF + APK (Azotobacter + PSB + KSB) 100%, T9- Control. The study revealed that significant differences were recorded in Marigold. Among the growth paramers, The interaction of F2B2 recorded maximum plant height (91.35 cm) whereas, minimum plant height (84.46 cm) was found in F1B1 at 30, 60 and 90 DAT. Interaction of F2B2 recorded maximum plant spread E-W and N-S respectively (44.23 and 43.89). however, minimum plant spread E-W and N-S respectively (37.92) were recorded in interaction of F1B3 at 30, 60 and 90 DAT. Significantly, highest number of branches per plant (13.45) were found in F2B2 however, lowest number of branches per plant (7.80) per plant in F1B3 at final harvest. Among different flowering parameters, minimum number of days were recorded in flower bud initiation in F2B2 (29.22) whereas, maximum days were observed in interaction of F1B3 (38.43). Minimum number of days recorded in Days taken for 50% flowering (56.73) in F2B2 and maximum days (67.96) were recorded in interaction of F1B3. Maximum number of fully opened flowers/plant recorded (15.75) in interaction of F2B2. whereas, F1B3 recorded (7.54) minimum number of fully opened flowers/plant. Minimum days taken for full bloom (81.41 days) was found in interaction of F2B2 and maximum (89.24 days) in F1B3. Maximum flower yield per hectare (20.69 t/ha) observed in interaction of F2B2 and minimum (11.93 t/ha) flower yield per hectare in F1B3. Significantly, maximum fresh weight of flowers (9.93 g) was recorded in interaction of F2B2 and minimum fresh weight of flowers (3.87 g) in F1B3. Among different flower quality parameters, Maximum duration of flowering (56.67 days) was recorded in interaction of F2B2 and minimum duration of flowering (45.37 days) in interaction of F1B3. Significantly, maximum flower longevity on plant (8.32 days) was found in F2B2 and minimum (2.67 days) flower longevity on plant in F1B3. Maximum moisture content recorded (75.09 %) in interaction of F2B2. whereas, F1B3 recorded (64.52 %) minimum moisture content. Significantly, maximum shelf life of flowers (10.03 days) was recorded in interaction of F2B2 and minimum fresh weight of flowers (3.68 days) in F1B3. The data on the economics of effect of integrated nutrient management on growth, flower yield and quality of marigold revealed that, T6 - 100% RDF combination with AMC (Arka Microbial Consortium) @100% recorded the highest benefit cost ratio (2.90) over other treatments. Based on results, T6 - 100% RDF combination with AMC (Arka Microbial Consortium) @100% proved to be the best treatment to improve growth, flower yield and quality parameters of Marigold
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    “STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT METHODS OF PRE-SOWING TREATMENTS ON SEED GERMINATION AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF ORNAMENTAL TREES (Cassia fistula L., Delonix regia Raf., Cassia nodosa L., Bauhinia purpurea L.)”
    (COLLEHE OF HORITCULTURE, MOJERLA, 2021-12-09) Ms.ASMA AFREEN; Dr.P.PRASANTH; Dr.N.SEENIVASAN; Dr.P.GOUTHAMI
    The present investigation entitled “studies on the effect of different methods of pre-sowing treatments on seed germination and seedling growth of ornamental flowering trees (Cassia fistula L., Delonix regia Raf., Cassia nodosa L., Bauhinia purpurea L.)” was carried out during the rabi season of the year 2018-19 at the College of Horticulture, Mojerla, Wanaparthy (Dist.) In experiment 1: Effect of pre-sowing physical treatments on seed germination and seedling growth of ornamental trees The results related to the germination parameters in Cassia fistula revealed that, hot water treatment (T4) recorded the lowest days taken for initiation of germination (3.33), number of days taken for 50 percent of germination (5.15), no of days for 100 % germination (6.81), scarification (T1) (77.30) recorded maximum germination percentage, however hot water treatment Name of the author : ASMA AFREEN Title of the thesis : “STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT METHODS OF PRE-SOWING TREATMENTS ON SEED GERMINATION AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF ORNAMENTAL FLOWERING TREES (Cassia fistula L., Delonix regia Raf., Cassia nodosa L., Bauhinia purpurea L.)” Degree : MASTER OF SCIENCE IN HORTICULTURE Faculty : HORTICULTURE Major Field : FLORICULTURE AND LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE Major Advisor : Dr. P. PRASANTH Senior. Scientist (Hort.) &Head Floriculture Research Station, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, 500030. University : SRI KONDA LAXMAN TELANGANASTATE HORTICULTURAL UNIVERSITY Year of submission : 2021 (T4) for peak value (10.51) and germination value (26.92). The results pertaining to growth parameters in Cassia fistula, hot water treatment (T4) recorded the maximum no. of compound leaves per plant for 30, 60, 90 DAS (13.00, 21.00, 32.00), shoot length of the seedling per plant (8.00, 16.00, 19.00 cm), root length registered maximum in T1- Scarification (26.00, 30.67, 36.00 cm), however hot water treatment (T4) for no. of branches / bipinnate leaves (4.67, 9.00, 11.00), seedling vigour index was registered maximum in T1 - Scarification (2602.69, 3555.80, 4176.20), hot water treatment (T4) in survival percentage (85.00), collar diameter at 30, 60, 90 DAS (2.96, 5.81, 5.88 mm). The results related to the germination parameters in Delonix regia revealed that, hot water treatment (T4) recorded the lowest days taken for initiation of germination (4.67), number of days taken for 50 per cent of germination (6.59), no. of days for 100 % germination (9.28) and maximum germination percentage (83.17), peak value (8.18), germination value (22.67). In respect of growth parameters in Delonix regia, hot water treatment (T4) recorded the maximum no.of compound leaves per plant at 30, 60, 90 DAS (18.37 , 20.01, 20.35), shoot length of the seedling per plant (14.33, 15.67, 17.33), root length (17.00, 22.00, 27.00) was T1- Scarification, no. of branches / bipinnate leaves (4.10, 5.10, 6.00), seedling vigour index (2339.65, 3509.88, 3509.88), However, survival percentage at 90 DAS (94.00) and collar diameter at 30, 60, 90 DAS (2.70, 4.20, 5.00 mm) was recorded. The results of germination parameters in Cassia nodosa revealed that, hot water treatment (T4) recorded the lowest days taken for initiation of germination (5.67), number of days taken for 50 per cent of germination (6.83), no. of days for 100 per cent germination (9.37). Where as, the germination percentage (77.33) T1- Scarification, treatment (T4) along with peak value (7.08) and germination value (17.25). The result related to growth parameters in Cassia nodosa, hot water treatment (T4) recorded the maximum no of compound leaves per plant at 30, 60, 90 DAS (8.83 , 9.33 , 9.50), shoot length of the seedling per plant (17.00, 20.00, 22.00), root length (16.00, 20.67, 26.00) T1- Scarification, no. of branches / bipinnate leaves (8.83, 9.33, 9.50), seedling vigour index (2542.57, 2996.67, 3670.53), survival percentage 90 DAS (80.00) and collar diameter (2.29, 2.35, 2.54 mm) respectively. Germination parameters of Bauhinia purpurea differed significantly with physical treatments, hot water treatment (T4) recorded the lowest days taken for initiation of germination (6.33), number of days taken for 50 percent of germination (8.33), no. of days for 100 per cent germination (9.95). Where as, scarification (T1) germination percentage (77.60), hot water treatment (T4) for peak value (7.20) and germination value (17.90) were recorded maximum in T4- hot water treated seeds. The result related to growth parameters in Bauhinia purpurea, hot water treatment (T4) recorded the highest no. of compound leaves per plant at 30, 60, 90 DAS (5.33 , 9.67, 14.83), shoot length of the seedling per plant (14.50, 18.67, 24.67 cm), root length (21.33, 26.33, 31.67 cm), no. of branches / bipinnate leaves (4.67, 9.89, 14.28), seedling vigour index (2707.36, 3452.01, 4238.41) was T1- Scarification, survival percentage at 90 DAS (71.00) and collar diameter (3.33, 3.50, 4.06 mm) respectively. In experiment 2: Effect of pre-sowing chemical treatments on seed germination and seedling growth of ornamental trees The results recorded in respect of germination parameters in Cassia fistula T3-20% H2SO4 recorded the lowest days taken for initiation of germination (5.33), number of days taken for 50 percent of germination (11.65), no. of days for 100 per cent germination (40.14), and maximum germination percentage (81.43), peak value (5.25) and germination value (14.64). The result related to growth parameters in Cassia fistula, T3 -20% H2SO4 recorded the maximum no. of compound leaves per plant at 30, 60, 90 DAS (10.00, 20.00, 25.00), shoot height of the seedling per plant(6.33 , 13.57 , 19.33 cm), root length (17.22 , 22.56 , 28.67 cm), no of branches / bipinnate leaves (7.00, 8.00, 9.00), seedling vigour index (1917.68, 2942.07 , 3908.64), where as, survival percentage T6-20% HCl at 90 DAS (86.00) and collar diameter at 30, 60, 90 DAS (2.29 , 5.07 , 5.09 mm) for T3-20% H2SO4. In Delonix regia T3-20 % H2SO4 recorded the least days taken for initiation of germination (11.67), number of days taken for 50 percent of germination (11.55), no of days for 100 per cent germination (40.14) and maximum germination percentage (83.83), peak value (4.42), germination value (14.74). The result related to growth parameters in Delonix regia, T3-20% H2SO4 recorded the maximum no. of compound leaves per plant at 30, 60, 90 DAS (14.33, 15.20, 41.67), shoot height of the seedling per plant (12.33, 16.33, 19.67 cm), root length (13.67, 18.67, 22.67 cm), no of branches / bipinnate leaves for 30, 60, 90 DAS (4.67, 6.00, 7.00), seedling vigour index (2179.58, 2934.05, 3549.36), survival percentage T3-20% H2SO4 for 90 DAS (89.00) and collar diameter for 30, 60, 90 DAS (2.50 , 2.70 , 2.80 mm). In Cassia nodosa T3-20% H2SO4 recorded the least days taken for initiation of germination (8.00), number of days taken for 50 percent of germination (8.39), no. of days for 100 per cent germination (11.33), germination percentage (67.03), peak value (5.37), germination value (12.57). The result related to growth parameters in Cassia nodosa, T3-20% H2SO4 recorded maximum no. of compound leaves per plant T3-20% H2SO4 at 30, 60, 90 DAS (8.00, 8.00, 8.67), shoot length of the seedling per plant (12.33 , 20.67 , 29.00 cm), root length (18.00 , 22.67 , 28.00), no. of branches / bipinnate leaves (8.00, 8.00, 8.67), seedling vigour index for 30, 60, 90 DAS (2033.02 , 2905.08, 3820.71), survival percentage at 90 DAS (79.00) and collar diameter for 30, 60, 90 DAS (2.03 , 2.15, 2.29 mm). The results related to the germination parameters in Bauhinia purpurea T3 -20% H2SO4 recorded the least days taken for initiation of germination (14.33), number of days taken for 50 percent of germination (16.20), no. of days for 100 per cent germination (18.03) and maximum germination percentage (63.10), peak value (3.22), germination value (7.36). The result related to growth parameters in Bauhinia purpurea, T3-20% H2SO4 recorded the maximum no. of compound leaves per plant at 30, 60, 90 DAS (8.00, 10.67, 12.33), shoot length of the seedling per plant (13.67 , 20.67 , 25.00 cm), root length (12.67, 17.67 , 23.00 cm), no. of branches / bipinnate leaves (8.00, 10.67, 12.33), seedling vigour index (1662.05 , 2419.25, 3028.80), survival percentage at 90 DAS (73.00) and collar diameter for 30, 60, 90 DAS (2.75 , 2.8 , 2.85 mm). In experiment 3: Effect of pre-sowing growth stimulant treatments on seed germination and seedling growth of ornamental trees. The results related to the germination parameters in Cassia fistula T3- GA3 750 ppm treatment recorded the least days taken for initiation of germination (12.00), number of days taken for 50 percent of germination (13.42), no. of days for 100 per cent germination (14.82), germination percentage (63.10) and maximum peak value (4.55), germination value (7.79). The result related to growth parameters in Cassia fistula T3- GA3 750 ppm recorded maximum no.of compound leaves per plant at 30, 60, 90 DAS (15.00, 27.00, 34.00), shoot height of the seedling per plant (9.47, 14.00, 22.67 cm), root length (37.00, 42.67, 48.00 cm), no. of branches / bipinnate leaves (9.00, 8.00, 8.33), seedling vigour index for 30, 60, 90 DAS (2932.26, 3575.88, 4459.28), survival percentage for 30, 60, 90 DAS (86.5, 86.4, 86) and collar diameterfor 30, 60, 90 DAS (2.29, 5.08, 5.09 mm). In Delonix regia T3- GA3 750 ppm recorded the least days taken for initiation of germination (6.50), number of days taken for 50 percent of germination (8.25), no. of days for 100 per cent germination (11.33), germination percentage (95.07) and maximum peak value (7.72), germination value (23.99). The result related to growth parameters in Delonix regia T3- GA3 750 ppm recorded the maximum no. of compound leaves per plant at 30, 60, 90 DAS (14.67, 23.00, 31.67), shoot height of the seedling per plant (13.67, 18.00, 21.00), root length for (22.67, 27.33, 32.67), no. of branches / bipinnate leaves (6.00, 7.00, 11.00), seedling vigour index (3454.84, 4309.52, 5102.41), survival percentage at 90 DAS (99.00) and collar diameter at 30, 60, 90 DAS (2.70, 2.75, 2.80). The results related to the germination parameters in Cassia nodosa T3- GA3 750ppm recorded the least days taken for initiation of germination (10.00), number of days taken for 50 percent of germination (11.83), no. of days for 100 per cent germination (13.48) and maximum germination percentage (74.10), peak value(5.54), germination value (13.44). The result related to growth parameters in Cassia nodosa, T3- GA3 750 ppm recorded the maximum no. of compound leaves per plant at 30, 60, 90 DAS (8.33, 8.67, 9.00), shoot length of the seedling per plant (17.00, 23.00, 32.33 cm), root length (21.33, 25.67, 31.00 cm), no. of branches / bipinnate leaves (8.33, 8.67, 9.00), seedling vigour index (2840.25, 3606.45, 4692.75), survival percentage at 90 DAS (80.00) and collar diameter for 30, 60, 90 DAS (2.13, 2.20, 2.30 mm). The results recorded in respect to germination parameters in Bauhinia purpurea T3- GA3 750 ppm recorded the least days taken for initiation of germination (7.43), number of days taken for 50 percent of germination (8.64), no of days for 100 per cent germination (9.74), germination percentage (70.10), peak value (7.17) and maximum germination value (16.55). The result related to growth parameters in Bauhinia purpurea, T3- GA3 750 ppm recorded the maximum no. of compound leaves per plant at 30, 60, 90 DAS (8.33, 12.17, 12.67), shoot length of the seedling per plant (24.67, 25.67, 35.67 cm), root length (21.00, 26.00, 31.00 cm), no. of branches / bipinnate leaves (8.33, 12.17, 12.67), seedling vigour index (3201.47, 3622.07, 4673.57), survival percentage at 90 DAS (77.00) and collar diameter for 30, 60, 90 DAS (3.30, 3.35, 3.40 mm)
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    “EFFECT OF DIFFERENT MEDIA COMPOSITION AND SHADE LEVELS ON GROWTH AND MARKETABILITY OF TROPICAL ORNAMENTAL FOLIAGE PLANTS”
    (COLLEHE OF HORITCULTURE, MOJERLA, 2021-12-10) Mr.G.Harish; Dr.N.SREENIVASAN; Dr.A.GIRWANI; Mr.B.CHANDRA SHEKER
    The present experiment entitled “Effect of different media composition and shade levels on growth and marketability of tropical ornamental foliage plants” was carried out during the winter season of the year 2018-19 at the Floriculture Research Block, College of Horticulture, Mojerla. The results revealed that significant differences were recorded in different ornamental foliage plants (Dieffenbachia, Syngonium, Philodendron) Among the different compositions of media, M2 combination of media Red Earth + Cocopeat (1:1) at 120 days after planting (DAP) recorded maximum leaf length (26.26 cm,10.80cm, 13.86 cm), leaf width (10.00 cm, 9.00 cm, 3.80 cm), leaf area (201.80 cm 2 ,132.95 cm2 , 68.11 cm2 ), length of the petiole (9.18 cm, 23.07 cm, 4.50 cm), height of the plant (43.58 cm, 32.25 cm, 17.75 cm), number of leaves (10.62, 10.87, 6.62), length of the internodes (2.71 cm, 5.47 cm, 1.30 cm), shoot fresh weight (69.00 g, 22.91 g, 8.22 g), number of roots (14.25, 6.62, 6.75), length of the roots (49.25 cm, 27.01cm, 34.76 cm), fresh weight of roots (36.13 g, 19.5 g, 7.70 g) over other combination of media. Among the shade levels, 80 % shade recorded maximum leaf length (27.10 cm, 9.86 cm, 16.80 cm), leaf width (10.11cm, 8.28 cm, 5.08 cm), leaf area (210.10 cm 2 , 132.95 cm2 , 86.20 cm2 ), length of the petiole (10.23 cm, 24.00 cm, 4.58 cm), height of the plant (50.36 cm, 35.13 cm, 23.67 cm), number of leaves (9.87, 10.50, 7.25), length of the internodes (2.71 cm,7.12 cm,1.75 cm), shoot fresh weight (71.90 g, 22.30 g, 10.20 g ), length of the roots (47.70 cm, 26.70 cm, 39.90 cm), fresh weight of roots (36.25 g, 18.50 g, 9.80 g) over other combination of media. Name of the author : G. HARISH Title of the thesis : EFFECT OF DIFFERENT MEDIA COMPOSITION AND SHADE LEVELS ON GROWTH AND MARKETABILITY OF TROPICAL ORNAMENTAL FOLIAGE PLANTS Degree : MASTER OF SCIENCE IN HORTICULTURE Faculty : HORTICULTURE Major Field : FLORICULTURE AND LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE Major Advisor : Dr. N. SEENIVASAN University : SRI KONDA LAXMAN TELANAGA STATE HORTICULTURAL UNIVERSITY Year of submission : 2021 The interaction between different compositions media and shade levels had significant influence on plant height, plant spread, number of leaves, number of roots, leaf quality, leaf colour at final stage. M2 combination of media (Red Earth+Cocopeat (1:1) and Shade level (80% shade) registered significantly maximum leaf length (30.50 cm, 11.80 cm, 20.30 cm), leaf width (11.70 cm, 9.75 cm, 5.55 cm), leaf area (241.90 cm 2 , 140.90 cm2 , 98.30 cm2 ), length of the petiole (11.85 cm, 27.90 cm, 6.30 cm), height of the plant (55.90 cm, 38.60 cm, 27.10 cm), number of leaves (12.00, 13.00, 10.00), length of the internodes (3.40 cm, 8.55 cm, 2.15 cm), shoot fresh weight (87.05 g, 26.70 g, 13.30 g), number of roots (17.00, 8.00,10.00), length of the roots (60.30 cm, 30.40 cm.52.70 cm), fresh weight of roots (44.50g, 20.50 g, 12.30 g). Among the different compositions of media, M2 combination of media (Red soil + Cocopeat (1:1)) recorded less number of days taken to bud sprouting (27.18 days, 30.50 days, 30.71 days) and full leaf expansion (8.60 days, 8.62 days, 7.50 days ). where as shade levels of 80 % shade recorded less number of days taken to bud sprouting (30.76 days, 29.10 days, 29.70 days) and full leaf expansion (9.50 days, 9.12 days,7.00 days). The data on quality of plants indicated that, among the different compositions media, M2 combination media (Red Earth+ Cocopeat (1:1)) recorded significantly good quality and colour of the leaves. Among the shade levels, 80 % shade recorded the excellent quality and colour of leaves. Data on economics indicated that among all media compositions and shade levels, interaction effect of M2 combination of media (Red Earth + Cocopeat (1:1) and 80 % shade level recorded maximum gross returns (39600.00, 38800.00, 46750.00), net returns (27050.00, 21750.00, 34200.00) and B : C (2.15, 2.09, 2.72) ratioes over other treatments.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT GROWING MEDIA ON GROWTH AND FLOWERING OF CHRYSANTHEMUM (Dendranthema grandiflora) CULTIVARS FOR POT MUMS
    (Sri Konda Laxman Telangana State Horticulture University, Mulugu, Siddipet (Dist.), College of Horticulture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-30, 2019-07-16) P. MAMATHA; Dr. A. Manohar Rao
    The present investigation entitled “Influence of different growing media on growth and flowering of chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora) cultivars for potmums” was carried out at Floricultural Research Station, Sri Konda Laxman Telangana State Horticultural University, Hyderabad during September 2018 to February 2019. The experiment was conducted in factorial completely randomized design comprising 18 treatment combinations with 3 replications. The treatments consisted of 9 growing media G1: soil + sand + FYM (2:1:1), G2 : soil + sand + vermicompost (2:1:1), G3: cocopeat + sand + FYM (2:1:1), G4:cocopeat + sand + vermicompost (2:1:1), G5: soil + cocopeat + sand + FYM (2:1:0.5:0.5), G6: soil + cocopeat + sand + vermicompost(2:1:0.5:0.5), G7:cocopeat + soil + sand + FYM (2:1:0.5:0.5), G8: cocopeat + soil + sand + vermicompost (2:1:0.5:0.5), G9: control ( red soil ) with two cultivars Cv. Akitha and Cv. Redstone. The growth parameters at 30, 60 and 90 days after planting, flowering, flower quality parameters were recorded and subjected to data analysis. Among different growing media G8 recorded maximum plant height (20.77, 24.03 and 28.40 cm), number of branches (3.10, 4.50 and 6.90), plant spread in N-S (13.51, 19.83 and 23.42 cm), plant spread E-W(14.04, 22.85 and 25.96 cm) at 30, 60 and 90 days after planting respectively, maximum number of fully opened flowers per pot(30.25), number of flowers per pot (49.40), maximum flower diameter(4.30) , flower longevity (17.97 days )and duration of flowering (26.62 days) but G7 recorded minimum number of days for flower bud initiation (59.37), 50 percent flowering (103.14) and 100 percent flowering (118.71). Among the treatment combinations C2G8 i.e. Cv. Redstone in cocopeat + Soil + Sand + vermicompost (2:1:0.5:0.5) recorded maximum plant height (19.93, 24.33 and 30.73 cm), number of branches (3.53, 5.07and 7.20), plant spread in N-S (14.83, 20.49 and 24.18cm), plant spread E-W(15.00, 24.03 and 28.32 cm) at 30, 60 and 90 days after planting respectively, maximum number of fully opened flowers per pot (32.17), number of flowers per pot (50.72), maximum flower diameter(4.56 cm) , flower longevity (18.73 days )and duration of flowering (27.80 days) but C2G7 i.e. Cv. Redstone in cocopeat + soil + sand + FYM (2:1:0.5:0.5), treatment combination recorded minimum number of days for flower bud initiation (49.13days ), 50 percent flowering(90.67 days) and 100 percent flowering (108.48 days). The data on economics revealed that the treatment combination C2G8 i.e. Cv. Redstone in cocopeat + Soil + Sand + vermicompost (2:1:0.5:0.5) recorded highest benefit cost ratio (4.63:1) followed by C2G7 i.e. Cv. Redstone in cocopeat + soil + sand + FYM (2:1:0.5:0.5) (4.56:1) when compared to all other treatment combination. It can be concluded from present investigation that among two cultivars Cv. Redstone responded well when compared to Cv. Akitha. The growing media G8: cocopeat + soil + sand + vermicompost (2:1:0.5:0.5) had shown significant difference in growth, flowering and flower quality attributes with highest benefit cost ratio among all other growing media.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON EFFECT OF DIFFERENT CHEMICALS ON INDUCTION OF FLOWERING AND POSTHARVEST METHODS ON SHELF LIFE OF JASMINE (Jasminum sambac L.)
    (College of Horticulture, Rajendranagar, SKLTSHU, Hyderabad-30, 2020-09-28) PUNNAM AKANKSHA; Dr. P. PRASANTH
    The present investigation “Studies on effect of different chemicals on induction of flowering and postharvest methods on shelf life of Jasmine (Jasminum sambac L.) was carried at Floricultural Research Station, ARI, Rajendranagar, during 2019-2020. The field experiment was conducted in Randomized Block Design in three replications and nine treatments and two Laboratory experiments were conducted in Complete Randomized Design with 12 treatments of pre-treatment chemical dipping other with six treatments of packaging studies. In experiment one, among the treatments, thiourea 0.5 % registered significantly best results for all parameters studied which were in increasing trend from January to March. Significantly lesser number of days for flower initiation (27.6 days), maximum number of flower buds per cyme (5.0), maximum number of cymes per plant of (137.6), maximum number buds per plant of (688.30), maximum length of flower bud of (22.53mm), maximum length of corolla tube (13.30 mm), maximum width of flower bud was recorded with (9.62 mm), maximum mean weight of 100 flower buds (28.03 g), maximum flower yield per plant (192.90 g), maximum flower yield per month in plot was observed highest in (1.153 kg/plot), maximum flower yield for three months (2.351 kg/plot) was recorded in thiourea 0.5 % in the month of March. In experiment two consisted of preservative chemicals which were used as postharvest pretreatment, the results on physiological and biochemical changes during the storage period of Jasmine cv. Gundumalli revealed that, among the treatments first best results were obtained in boric acid 4 % with minimum weight loss (47.33 %), minimum per cent of browning (55.30 %), maximum freshness index (59.90 %), minimum flower opening index (45.73 %), maximum shelflife (36.5 hr) followed by GA3 200 ppm. In third experiment, combined effect of postharvest pretreatments and packaging material were studied and results showed that, minimum weight loss (2.52 %), minimum percent of browning (34.30 %), maximum freshness index (71.35 %), minimum flower opening index (42.47 %), maximum shelf life of (96.15 hr) was registered in 4% boric acid + 250 gauge polyethylene. From the current study that it can be concluded that, the flowering parameters in Jasmine Cv. Gundumalli can be successfully induced and enhanced by foliar application of thiourea 0.5 %. Further postharvest pretreatment chemicals like boric acid 0.4 % and GA3 200 ppm enhances the shelf life. The combinational effect of 4% boric acid + 250 gauge polyethylene as pre-treatments and packing material can be used to extend the storage life of jasmine flower buds Cv. Gundumalli.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    INFLUENCE OF GA3 AND ITS COMBINATION WITH OTHER GROWTH REGULATORS AND BIOSTIMULANTS ON GROWTH, FLOWERING AND VASE LIFE OF CHINA ASTER (Callistephus chinensis L. Nees) cv. ARKA ARCHANA
    (Sri Konda Laxman Telangana State Horticulture University, Mulugu, Siddipet (Dist.), College of Horticulture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-30, 2018-11-01) DEVISHREE R; Dr. P. PRASANTH
    The present investigation entitled “Influence of GA3 and its combination with other growth regulators and biostimulants on growth, flowering and vase life of China aster (Callistephus chinensis L. Nees) cv. ‘Arka Archana’ was carried out at the Floricultural Research Station, (Agricultural Research Institute) Rajendranagar, Sri Konda Laxman Telangana State Horticultural University, Hyderabad during November 2017 to April 2018. The study was carried out in two experiments; the first experiment was conducted in a Factorial Randomized Complete Block Design with eighteen treatments in three replications. Two plant growth regulators viz. Benzyl adenine (BA), Salicylic acid (SA), Triacontanol (TA) and biostimulant viz. Humic acid (HA) were applied in combination with two concentrations of Gibberellic acid (GA3) i.e., 100 and 200 ppm. Between two GA3 concentrations, GA3 200 ppm showned significant effect on growth parameters at 60 and 90 DAT and recorded maximum plant height (42.41 and 61.69 cm), stem diameter (12.83 & 15.17 mm), number of branches per plant (15.71 & 19.07), plant spread in both N-S (31.16 & 40.58 cm) and E-W (31.76 & 40.38 cm) directions. GA3 100 ppm recorded lowest plant height (37.68 & 55.87 cm), stem diameter (10.10 & 12.17 mm), number of branches per plant (12.75 & 16.11), plant spread in both N-S (28.70 & 35.87) and E-W (28.04 & 35.16 cm) directions. Among flowering attributes GA3 200 ppm recorded minimum number of days taken for flower initiation (64.71) and number of days taken for 50 per cent flowering (75.49), more flower size (5.65 cm), number of flowers per plant (79.63), flower weight (3.27 g), flower yield per hectare (22.02 t) and flower longevity on the plants (13.77 days). Lowest results were recorded in GA3 100 ppm in days taken for flower initiation (65.59), days taken for 50 percent flowering (76.03), flower size (5.06 cm), number of flowers per plant (64.22), flower weight (2.69 g), flower yield per hectare (20.38 t) and flower longevity on the plants (11.21 days). Plant growth regulators and biostimulants effected growth and flowering of China aster, Humic acid at 0.5 per cent showed significant effect on growth parameters at 60 and 90 DAT and recorded maximum plant height (44.64 & 65.06 cm), stem diameter (14.39 & 16.13 mm), number of branches per plant (17.71 & 21.58), plant spread in both N-S (35.99 cm & 47.65 cm) and E-W (35.49 & 46.62 cm) directions. In flowering parameters, minimum days taken for flower initiation (61.16), 50 per cent flowering (72.15), maximum flower size (5.65 cm), flower weight (3.60 g), yield (24.25 t) and flower longevity on plants (14.30 days) were recorded in Humic acid at 0.5 per cent compared to GA3, while the lowest results were recorded in control (GA3 alone treatment) i.e., plant height (37.22 & 54.19 cm ), stem diameter (9.0 & 10.32 mm), number of branches per plant (11.93 & 15.07) and plant spread in both N-S (28.05 & 32.58 cm) and E-W (26.52 & 24.81 cm) directions. In flowering parameters, maximum days taken for flower initiation (68.52), 50 per cent flowering (80.04), less flower size (5.00 cm), less flower weight (2.57 g), lowest yield per hectare (18.72 t) and flower longevity (11.16 days) were recorded in GA3 alone treatments. The results of the experiment revealed that among the different treatment combinations, the plants treated with GA3 at 200 ppm + Humic acid at 0.5 per cent (T17) recorded maximum plant height (47.06 and 68.87 cm), stem diameter (16.48 & 19.83 mm), plant spread N-S (42.24 cm & 58.07 cm), E-W (41.84 & 57.07 cm) and number of branches per plant (18.54 & 24.03) at 60 and 90 DAT respectively. Among flowering parameters T17 recorded minimum days taken to flower initiation (58.14), 50 per cent flowering (65.26), more flower size (6.25 cm), more flowers weight (3.90 g), yield per hectare (25.67 t) and flower longevity on plants (15.80) followed by GA3 200 ppm + Salicylic acid 200 ppm and GA3 alone treatment (GA3 100 ppm- control) recorded lowest plant height (35.07 cm & 51.44 cm), stem diameter (8.36 & 10.27 mm), number of branches per plant (10.73 & 12.93), plant spread N-S (25.98 cm & 32.40 cm) and E-W (26.31 & 33.40 cm) directions at 60 and 90 DAT respectively. Among flowering parameters T9 (GA3 100 ppm - control) recorded maximum days taken to flower initiation (58.14), 50 per cent flowering (65.26), less flower size (6.25 cm), flowers weight (3.90 g), yield (25.67 t) and flower longevity (9.32 days). In the second experiment, the flower stalks were kept in three per cent sucrose solution to study the vase life of flowers influenced by growth regulators and biostimulants in three replications and eighteen treatments in Completely Randomized Block Design. Highest Water uptake (4.01 g), transpirational loss of water (12.10 g), physiological loss in weight (10.56 %), fresh weight change (75.55 %) and vase life (12.08 days) was recorded in the treatment combination of GA.3 200 ppm and Salicylic acid 200 ppm and shortest vase life was recorded in GA3 100 ppm (7.10 days). It can be concluded from the present study, that GA3 in combination with other plant growth regulators and biostimulants has synergistic effect and resulted in higher yield, net returns and post harvest life compared to GA3 applied alone on china aster cv. ‘Arka Archana’. The treatment GA3 200 ppm + Humic acid 0.5 per cent recorded maximum flower yield (25.67 t) followed by GA3 200 ppm + Salicylic acid 200 pm (23.98 t) and the longest vase life was recorded in GA3 200 ppm + Salicylic acid 200 pm (12.08 days). The highest benefit cost ratio (3.87) was recorded in GA3 200 ppm + Humic acid 0.5 per cent followed by GA3 200 ppm + Salicylic acid 200 pm (3.68) and lowest was registered in GA3 100 ppm + Benzyl adenine 100 ppm (2.65).
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF BIOSTIMULANTS ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF CUT FLOWER OF CHRYSANTHEMUM (Dendranthema grandiflora) cv. DENJIGAR WHITE
    (Sri Konda Laxman Telangana State Horticulture University, Mulugu, Siddipet (Dist.), College of Horticulture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-30, 2021-11-29) NALAMASA SUCHITHA; Dr. K. KALADHAR BABU
    A field experiment entitled- “Effect of biostimulants on growth, yield and quality of cut flower of Chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora) cv. Denjigar White” was conducted during the Rabi season of the year 2020-2021 at Ammapuram (V), Thorrur (M), Mahabubabad district. The results revealed that all the treatments differed significantly with respect to growth parameters. Among the treatments, the treatment T2 (Ascophyllum nodosum @ 5 ml L-1) was found to be superior for all the growth parameters viz., plant height (41.08 cm, 54.74 cm and 64.49 cm at 45, 60 and 75 DAT respectively), plant spread in North- South direction (18.98 cm, 25.05 cm and 29.50 cm at 45, 60 and 75 DAT, respectively), plant spread in East-West direction (19.05 cm, 26.64 cm and 29.43 cm at 45, 60 and 75 DAT, respectively), number of branches plant-1 (9.27, 11.07 and 16.37 at 45, 60 and 75 DAT, respectively) over others. Among the treatments, T2 (Ascophyllum nodosum @ 5 ml L-1) recorded the minimum days taken for 1st bud initiation (66.28 days) and days taken for 50% bud initiation (75.55 days). All the treatments differed significantly with respect to yield parameters. Among them, T2 (Ascophyllum nodosum @ 5 ml L-1) recorded best values regarding maximum number of flowers plant-1 (23.29), flower yield plant-1 (89.25 g), flower yield plot-1 (6.96 kg), flower yield hectare-1 (348.00 q) were recorded by T2 (Ascophyllum nodosum 5 ml L-1). The same treatment T2 (Ascophyllum nodosum @ 5 ml L-1) recorded maximum number of flower stalks plant-1 (4.90) and number of flower stalks plot-1 (384.66). The maximum flowering duration (46.03 days) was recorded by treatment T8 (Fulvic acid 10% + Seaweed 8% + Spirulina 6% @ 4 g L-1). There was significant difference observed among the treatments with respect to quality parameters. The results pertaining to quality parameters indicated that among the treatments, T2 (Ascophyllum nodosum @ 5 ml L-1) recorded best values regarding maximum flower diameter (7.48 cm), individual flower weight (6.55 g), stem length (72.10 cm) and gives the high quality flowers. Studies on vase life and shelf life proved that, the T2 treatment (Ascophyllum nodosum @ 5 ml L-1) showed highest vase life (21.60 days) and shelf life (5.84 days) as compared to others. The treatment T2 (Ascophyllum nodosum @ 5 ml L-1) registered maximum gross returns (₹ 76,93,200), net returns (₹ 59,82,204) and best benefit cost ratio (3.50) over other treatments per hectare. It can be concluded that the treatment T2 (Ascophyllum nodosum @ 5 ml L-1) was found to be beneficial for the growth, yield and quality of cut chrysanthemum.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF COMMONLY AVAILABLE FLORAL PRESERVATIVES ON EXTENSION OF VASE LIFE OF GLADIOLUS (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.) cv. SWARNIMA
    (Sri Konda Laxman Telangana State Horticulture University, Mulugu, Siddipet (Dist.), College of Horticulture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-30, 2021-12-02) ANUGULA SOWJANYA; Dr. K. KALADHAR BABU
    The present investigation entitled “Studies on the effect of commonly available floral preservatives on extension of vase life of gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.) cv. Swarnima” was carried out at Post harvest Laboratory, Floricultural Research Station, ARI, Rajendranagar during Rabi season of 2020-2021. Total of four experiments were carried out in Completely Randomized Design to know the effect of commonly available acidifiers, biocides, food sources and their combinations on various physiological parameters and benefit cost ratio was calculated. In the first experiment, among all the acidifiers used in the study, citric acid- 200 ppm was most efficient in extending the vase life of gladiolus spikes. High water uptake (25.34, 16.97, 11.52 g), transpirational loss of water (23.24, 15.56, 11.22 g), water balance ( 7.1, 6.41, 5.23 g), high percentage value of fresh weight change (104.09, 99.13, 88.17 %), low optical density of vase solution (0.044, 0.049, 0.052 nm) on 2nd, 4th and 6th day of vase life, respectively and less number of days for first floret opening (1.78 days), maximum diameter of basal floret (10.16 cm) and longevity of basal floret (2.46 days), maximum number of florets opened on spike when basal floret is fresh (2.50), maximum number of florets opened per spike at the end of the vase life (10.66), highest vase life (9.62 days) and floret opening percentage (92.69 %) with high benefit cost ratio (3.28) was registered in Citric acid- 200 ppm. In the second experiment, among all the biocides used in study, Commercial bleach - 50 ppm was most efficient in extending the vase life of gladiolus spikes. High water uptake (24.41, 14.58, 7.63 g), transpirational loss of water (22.40, 13.23, 6.96 g), water balance (7.10, 6.35, 5.67 g), high percentage of fresh weight change (103.23, 97.32, 86.35 %), low optical density of vase solution (0.020, 0.030, 0.035 nm) respectively, on 2nd, 4th and 6th day of vase life period and least number of days for first floret opening (1.80 days), maximum diameter of basal floret (9.90 cm) and longevity of basal floret (2.83 days), maximum number of florets opened on spike when basal floret is fresh (2.56) and number of florets opened per spike at the end of vase life (10.83), highest vase life (9.50 days) and floret opening percentage (94.17 %) with high benefit cost ratio (3.18) was registered in 50 ppm of Commercial bleach. In the third experiment, among all the food sources used in study, sprite 100 ml was best in extending the vase life of gladiolus spikes. This treatment recorded best results in respect of high water uptake (22.62, 14.62, 11.29 g), transpirational loss of water (20.82, 13.00, 10.28 g), water balance (6.80, 6.41, 6.01 g), maximum per cent of fresh weight change (106.69, 98.73, 89.36 %), low optical density of vase solution (0.037, 0.042, 0.054 nm) on 2nd, 4th and 6th day of vase life, respectively and less number of days for first floret opening (1.69 days), greater diameter of basal floret (10.33 cm) and maximum longevity of basal floret (2.63 days), maximum number of florets opened on spike when basal floret is fresh (2.33) and maximum number of florets opened per spike at the end of vase life (10.89), highest vase life (9.33 days) and floret opening percentage (94.69 %) was registered in Sprite 100 ml. Whereas high benefit cost ratio was recorded in Sugar 20 g (3.30). Under the fourth experiment, best treatments from above three experiments were selected and their combinations were studied. Among all the combinations, Citric acid 200 ppm + Commercial bleach 50 ppm + Sprite 100 ml was most efficient in extending the vase life of gladiolus spikes. High water uptake (27.50, 18.29, 10.53 g), transpirational loss of water (25.40, 16.93, 9.20 g), water balance (7.10, 6.36, 5.59 g), high percentage of fresh weight change (106.12, 99.93, 89.16 %), low optical density of vase solution (0.019, 0.023, 0.030 nm) on 2nd, 4th and 6th day of vase life period respectively, less number of days for first floret opening (1.73 days), greater diameter of basal floret (10.48 cm), longevity of basal floret (2.94 days), maximum number of florets opened on spike when basal floret is fresh (2.65) and maximum number of florets opened per spike at the end of vase life (11.18), highest Vase life (9.97 days) and floret opening percentage (97.21 %) with a benefit cost ratio of 3.42 was registered with Citric acid 200 ppm + Commercial bleach 50 ppm + Sprite 100 ml. It can be concluded from present study that commonly available acidifiers, biocides and food sources and their combinations are efficient in extending the vase life of gladiolus spikes. These treatments can be used as an alternative to chemical preservatives. Highest vase life was recorded by combinational treatment (Citric acid 200 ppm + Commercial bleach 50 ppm + Sprite 100 ml) with high B : C ratio (3.42) and can be recommended as vase solution for gladiolus with low cost.