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ThesisItem Open Access CLINICO-BIOCHEMICAL AND THERAPEUTIC STUDIES OF RUMINAL ACIDOSIS IN GOATS(SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2013-12) TAMBE SATISH VALMIK; PADMAJA, K(MAJOR); NAGARAJ, P; GOPALA REDDY, AABSTRACT:The present study was designed to investigate the clinico-biochemical parameters and response to therapeutic agents in clinical cases of goats suffering with ruminal acidosis. Thirty clinical cases of ruminal acidosis presented to the Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, Campus Veterinary Hospital, and Veterinary Ambulatory Clinic, Mylardevpally, College of Veterinary Science, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad with the history of accidental ingestion of carbohydrate rich diet, inappetance to anorexia, suspended rumination and clinical manifestations of distended rumen and diarrhoea were selected and were divided based on severity of ruminal acidosis into three different groups consisting of 10 goats in each. The group I (mild acidosis), group II (moderate acidosis), and group III (severe acidosis) goats were subjected to the therapeutic trials and compared against ten apparently healthy goats from the same area with similar husbandry practices which served as healthy control (Group IV). Clinical signs exhibited by mild acidotic goats (Group I) were inappetance, mild bloat, reduced rumen motility, reduced rumination, semisolid faeces, firm and doughy condition of rumen on palpation of left flank and dull sound on percussion of left flank. The signs observed in moderate acidotic goats (Group II) were anorexia, distended abdomen, absence of rumination, dull appearance, absence of ruminal motility, grinding of teeth, frequent bleating, thick nasal discharge, pasty faeces, dehydration, fluid flashing sound on percussion and gurgling sound on auscultation of rumen. Whereas in severe acidotic goats (Group III), the signs were observed anorexia, severe depression, sunken eyes, staggering gait, lameness, absence of rumination, ruminal motility absent, watery diarrhoea, dehydration, oligouria to anuria, dysponea, tachycardia, subnormal body temperature, sternal and lateral recumbency. Clinical signs after treatment in all affected goats disappeared. Ruminal acidotic goats had subnormal body temperature, heart and respiration rates and skin fold time in all affected groups of goats significantly (p<0.05) increased, ruminal motility significantly (p<0.05) decreased in group I and absent in group II and III, conjunctival mucous membrane was normal, slightly congested and congested in group I, group II and III respectively. There was no significant difference in the values of temperature, heart and respiration rates, skin fold time and ruminal motility in all affected groups of goats and conjunctival mucous membrane was normal after treatment. Rumen fluid samples were analysed for physical changes. Colour was gray in group I and milky gray in both group II and III, consistency was semisolid or slightly watery in group I and watery in both group II and III, odour was acidic in both group I and II and pungent acidic in group I, and significant (p<0.05) decrease in pH between the groups of affected goats before therapy. Micro-biochemical changes of rumen fluid like MBRT was significantly (p<0.05) increased in all affected groups of goats, SAT was significantly (p<0.05) increased in group I and absent in group II and III, iodophilic activity was reduced in group I and nil in both group II and III, protozoal motility was sluggish in group I and absent in both group II and III, protozoal density decreased in group I and absent in both group II and III, significant (p<0.05) decrease in live and increase in dead proportion in group I, complete absence of protozoa in both group II and III, and replacement of rumen fluid gram negative bacteria by gram positive bacteria in all affected groups of goats before treatment. Rumen fluid analysis was normal in all the groups after the treatment. In haematological parameters, a significant (p<0.05) increase in haemoglobin, packed cell volume, total leucocyte count, neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes and significant (p<0.05) decrease in lymphocytes in all affected groups of goats before treatment. Haematological parameters were retured to normal in all the groups after the treatment. Blood biochemical analysis revealed significant (p<0.05) increase in plasma glucose, serum blood urea nitrogen and creatinine, serum aspartate aminotransferase and serum lactate dehydrogenase enzymes were observed in all affected groups of goats before treatment. After treatment all blood biochemical parameters returned to normalcy in all the groups after the treatment. The mean values of urine pH before treatment was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased between the all affected groups as compared with group IV. The mean values of urine pH did not differ significantly after treatment in group I, II and III. The Benedict’s test of urine was positive in all affected goats before treatment as compared to group IV. After therapy, it was negative in all ruminal acidosis affected goats. The therapeutic efficacy of the drugs used against various types of ruminal acidosis in goats was assessed. Group I goats were given sodium bicarbonate @ 1 g/kg body weight, single dose orally daily for 5 days. Group II goats were given ‘Bufzone’ @ 50 g single dose orally daily for 4 days. Whereas, goats of group III were administered ‘Bufzone’ @ 50 g single dose orally daily for 4 days and Sodium bicarbonate @ 1 g/kg body weight orally for 5 days. In addition goats of all the three groups were administered with Chlorphenarmine maleate @ 0.5 mg/kg body weight im, Tribivet @ 2ml im and Ringer’s lactate @ 25 ml, 50-75 ml, 75-74 100 ml iv in group I, II and III respectively. It was concluded that ruminal acidosis is a common disease of goats and its severity can be effectively reduced by combination of Bufzone and sodium bicarbonate along with supportive therapy.ThesisItem Open Access CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC ASPECTS OF CERTAIN COMMON DERMATOSES IN DOGS WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO CANINE ATOPIC DERMATITIS(SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2012-12) JYOTHI, JATAVATH; Satish Kumar, K(MAJOR); Nagaraj, P; Chandrashekhar Reddy, K; Madhava Rao, TABSTRACT : The present study was carried out in a total of 214 dogs that were presented with the history and signs of skin and coat abnormalities. These cases when subjected to thorough clinical examination and skin samples analysis, mange, atopy, malasseziosis, hypothyroidism, pyoderma, dermatophytosis and mixed infection associated dermatoses was recorded in 23.83 per cent, 21.50 per cent, 15.89 per cent, 12.62 per cent, 10.75 per cent, 8.41 per cent and 7.00 per cent dogs, respectively. The breed wise prevalence of mange was highest in GSD and lowest in Saint Bernard and that of canine atopic dermatitis was the highest in Dalmatian and lowest in Pug. Similarly, GSD and Doberman and Golden retriever; Labrador and Cocker spaniel, Golden retriever and Daschund; Spitz and Mongrel; GSD and Spitz and Doberman; GSD and Golden retriever were recorded as highest and lowest prevalence for malasseziosis, hypothyroidism, pyoderma, dermatophytosis and mixed infestation, respectively. Dermatoses associated with mange, atopic dermatitis, malasseziosis, hypothyroidism, Pyoderma, Dermatophytosis and mixed infestation were 31.37 per cent, 52.17 per cent, 26.47 per cent, 29.62 per cent, 39.13 per cent, 50.00 per cent and 46.67 per cent, respectively among the dogs between 1-3 years. Whereas, the prevalence of the same among 3-7 years and above 7 years were 52.94 and 15.68, 26.09 and 21.74, 44.12 and 29.41, 33.33 and 37.03, 21.74 and 39.13, 27.78 and 22.22 and 33.33 and 20.00 per cent, respectively. The prevalence of dermatoses in relation to gender of affected dogs revealed a highest rate in males (mange, pyoderma, dermatophytosis) in contrast to females (malasseziosis, atopic dermatitis, hypothyroidism and mixed infestation). All the cases included in the present study that were suspected for certain common dermatoses revealed similar manifestations such as pruritus, alopecia, erythema, papules, pustules, excoriations, scabs, crusts, scales and change in pigmentation. Few were also presented with rat tail appearance (hypothyroidism), urticaria, severe erythema of face, interdigits, otitis externa (atopy), greasy and offensive body odour (malasseziosis, pyoderma). Some of these cases were also presented with mixed ectoparasites like ticks, lice and fleas. Out of a total of 214 dermatoses dogs, 51 cases revealed positive for mites particularly Sarcoptes scabiei and Demodex canis. Tape impressions revealed blue colored footprint shaped yeast organisms that confirmed the diagnosis for malasseziosis. Ringworm infection suspected sample revealed positive for Trichophyton spp and Microsporum spp. Glass impression smears that were stained with gram’s stain were found positive for Staphylococcus spp thus, confirming pyoderma. Few of the cases suspected for fungal dermatosis showed a fluorescent apple green coloured areas where the lesions were present confirming Microsporum spp. Whereas, 27/214 dogs revealed significantly (P<0.05) elevated levels of serum cholesterol and triglycerides along with low thyroid profile, thus confirming the hypothyroid associated dermatosis. Following intradermal injection of various allergens, 38 dogs were found sensitive for cockroach male, followed by Parthenium, cockroach female, common dust, Aspergillus fumigatus, dust mites and Trichoderma, respectively which was manifested as an erythematous swelling similar to a bee sting with a sharp ridge at the peripheral margin within 15 minutes. The severity was recorded as +, ++, +++ and ++++ if the area was within 3 cm, 3-4 cm, 4-4.5 cm and more than 4.5cm. Scanning electron microscopy revealed Sarcoptes scabiei, Demodex canis, Malassezia pachydermatis and Trichophyton spp. Based on intra dermal allergic skin test, dogs of various breed, age and sex that were presented with erythema, pruritus and alopecia and diagnosed for canine atopic dermatitis were proportionately divided into 3 groups such as Group I, II and III with 15 in each and subjected for therapeutic trail. All the 15 dogs of Group I showed clinical improvement from day 7 with complete clinical recovery within 20 days of treatment. and the same among GII dogs started from day 10 with complete recovery among all the affected cases by day 30. Whereas, clinical improvement among group III dogs was gradual and slow from day 15 with complete clinical recovery by the end of therapeutic period (day 30) among only 11 cases. Among all the dogs of Group I, following therapy with topical tacrolimus spray twice daily, apart from clinical improvement from day 7, a significant improvement in hypersensitive reaction towards all the allergens was also noticed on day 10. Similarly among group II cases that received oral tacrolimus, twice daily, along with clinical improvement from day 7, a non significant improvement in hypersensitive reaction against intra dermal allergic skin test was noticed on day 10. However, a significantly (P<0.05) decreased hypersensitive zone was recorded on day 20. Whereas, improvement in group III cases was non-significant on day 20 but significantly different on day 30. However, there was a significant difference (P< 0.05) with respect to these parameters between group I, group II and III dogs, respectively.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON ADVANCED DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES AND THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT OF CHRONIC GASTRITIS IN DOGS(SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2012-01) ABHISHEK KALUNDIA; Satish Kumar, K(MAJOR); Tirumala Rao, D.S; Chandrashekhar, E.LABSTRACT: The prevalence of chronic gastritis in dogs that was associated with drug induced, dietary cause/food allergy, bacterial, systemic causes, foreign body and due to anatomical defect was recorded as 14.92, 14.92, 16.42, 17.91, 12.69, 12.69 and 10.45 per cent, respectively. Prevalence of chronic gastritis of various causes mentioned above, in relation to breed, was recorded highest among German shepherds and Labradors respectively, and lowest in Daschunds, Cocker spaniels, Spitz, Golden retrievers, Mongrels and Dobermans respectively. With respect to age, highest prevalence was recorded in dogs aged between 1-7 years (drug induced, bacterial, foreign body and anatomical anomalies), following upto 1yr (parasitic, food allergy, foreign body and anatomical defect) compared to the chronic gastritis in dogs under 12 months (drug induced and systemic causes). The prevalence of chronic gastritis in relation to gender of affected dogs revealed a highest rate in males in contrast to females. Except in bacterial gastritis, temperature, pulse and respiratory rate of vomiting dogs of various etiology remained in normal range. Dehydration, vomiting with mucous, fresh blood, partially digested blood, blood clots, coffee colored, bile, undigested food were the significant clinical manifestations. Whereas, icterus and pruritus was recorded in systemic disease and dietary indiscretion associated chronic gastritis in dogs. Significantly decreased TEC, Hb, with elevated PCV and TLC was common hematological abnormalities among all the chronic gastritis affected dogs. Except neutrophilia and monocytosis among bacterial gastritis in dogs, no difference was noticed with other dogs. Similarly, elevated levels of ALT and ALP with decreased TP and albumin were recorded among the vomiting dogs of both the subgroups of groups II, III and IV. Further, hyponatremia, hypokalemia and hypochloremia were the common electrolyte abnormalities in all the gastritis affected dogs. Megaesophagus, lower esophageal stricture / stenosis, foreign body obstruction and esophageal diverticulum were the significant radiographic abnormalities. A thickened gastric wall, thickened rugal folds, and loss or decreased definition of the normal gastric wall layers were identified ultrasonographically in dogs with chronic gastritis. Reddening, roughening, petechiation, haemorrhage, perforations, increased granularity or friability, constrictions, erosions, ulcers and mass lesions and rugal and mucosal thickening or hypertrophy along the mucus lining of cardiac, fundus and pylorus were significant endoscopic abnormalities. Culture studies of biopsy samples from stomach revealed negative result but the same sample on rapid urease test revealed positive results for Helicobacter spp. Histopathologically, eosinophilic, lymphoplasmacytic (lymphocyte and plasma cell dominated), ulceration, granulomatous (macrophage dominated), pyogranulomatous (neutrophils and macrophages), fibrosis were specific findings. Following therapy for 5 days with respective regimens, the specific signs, hematological, biochemical and other findings improved significantly among both the subgroup dogs of the group I(drug induged gastritis), II( dietary induced gastritis), III (helicobacter associated) and IV (gastritis due to other systemic causes) dogs that were treated for varied etiology. However, relatively faster clinical recovery and early improvement with respect to various hemato-biochemical parameters were observed among the sub group ‘b’ dogs of I, II, III and IV group dogs. However, with respect to various endoscopic abnormalities like ulcerations, erosions, hypertrophic, thick gastric mucosa that were noticed in chronic gastritis affected dogs before the onset of therapy did not showed complete recovery (except clinical improvement) by the end of day 5 except healing and absence of ulcers and erosions (fig. 69 to 70). Whereas, Helicobactor associated gastritis in dogs that were found positive for rapid urease test also showed clinical improvement by absence of vomiting and normal appetite by day 5. However, complete recovery without presence of the specific bacteria was only noticed after two weeks.ThesisItem Open Access CLINICO – BIOCHEMICAL AND THERAPEUTIC STUDIES ON COLIBACILLOSIS IN BUFFALO CALVES(SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI – 517 502. (A.P) INDIA, 2012-06) PRAFUL CHAND, K; Syaama Sundar, N(MAJOR); Suresh, K; Sreenu, MAKKENA; Subramanyam, K.VABSTRACT: The prevalence of colibacillosis was 37.91 while it was 40.00, 44.27 and 27.60 per cent at Campus Hospital, Veterinary Dispensaries and organized dairy farms respectively. The prevalence percentage of colibacillosis out of total diarrhoeic calves screened was 21.57, 13.07, 2.61 and 1.88 in age groups of upto 3 days, 4-7 days, 8-14 days and 15-30 days respectively. A highly significant difference (P<0.01) was observed in the prevalence of colibacillosis between the different age groups. The prevalence was higher in calves which were deficient in floor space, deprived of colostrum and male calves. Out of the 153 diarrhoeic calves screened, E. coli alone was isolated from 28.10 % calves. E. coli as mixed bacterial infection (9.8%); endoparasites (21.57%); parasites in combination with bacteria (24.18%) and unknown etiology of diarrhoea (16.33%) were the other causes. The antibacterial drug sensitivity test by disc-diffusion method revealed that more number of isolates were sensitive to ceftriaxone (86.67%) followed by ofloxacin (73.33%), gentamicin (70.00%), enrofloxacin (63.33%) and chloramphenicol (56.67%). There was a significant increase (P<0.01) in temperature, pulse, respiration in colibacillosis calves. The mean hemoglobin (gm/dL) value in apparently healthy calves was recorded to be 11.21±0.19 while the same in diarrhoeic calves was 13.26±0.21, 13.47±0.10 and 13.38±0.16 gm/dL in Group I, II and III respectively. The mean PCV (%) in healthy calves was 33.00±0.66 and the same in colibacillosis calves of Group I, II and III was recorded as 41.40±0.70, 40.80±0.64 and 42.00±0.69% respectively. There was significantly high level of hemoglobin and PCV in all the groups and the values returned to normal levels in a period of 5 days after therapy. The mean serum glucose (mg/dL) in healthy calves was 73.13±1.81 while the same was 43.33±1.38, 42.40±1.18 and 40.06±1.32 mg/dL in Group I, Group II and Group III colibacillosis calves respectively. The mean total protein (gm/dL) value in normal healthy calves was 7.15±0.09 and the corresponding values in Group I, Group II and Group III colibacillosis calves were 9.03±0.16, 9.21±0.22 and 9.66±0.14 (gm/dL) respectively. A significantly higher pre treatment level of serum protein (gm/dL) was noted in all the buffalo calves and declined to normal levels close to healthy control in a period of 5 days following therapy. The colibacillosis calves were randomly divided into three groups and therapeutic trails were undertaken. On the whole in Group I out of 15 affected calves clinical recovery was noticed in 9 (60.00%) calves in a period of 4-5 days. Two calves of Group I (13.33%) died. In Group II, 12 (80.00%) calves showed clinical recovery with a mortality rate of 6.67% (1 calf) and the duration of time for recovery being 3-4 days. In Group III all the 15 calves recovered with 100% efficacy within 2-3 days and no mortality was recorded in this group. A significant (P<0.05) difference was noticed among 3 treatment groups with regard to recovery rate. Ceftriaxone treated (Group III) calves recovered in shortest period (2-3 days) while, ofloxacin treated (Group II) calves took 3-4 days for recovery and gentamicin treated (Group I) calves showed recovery after 4-5 days with 100, 80 and 60% recovery rates. On the basis of the present study it may be inferred that early initiation of therapy with the most sensitive antibiotic like ceftriaxone in combination with oral rehydration solution, activated charcoal and kaolin pectin suspension will result in quick and prompt recovery with reduction in morbidity and mortality in colibacillosis affected buffalo calves.ThesisItem Open Access CLINICO DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC STUDIES ON DEMODICOSIS IN DOGS(SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY , TIRUPATI – 517502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2013-03) SIVA KUMAR, R.V; NALINIKUMARI, K (Major); VAIKUNTA RAO, V; SREEDEVI, BABSTRACT : In the present study, work was carried out on clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of demodicosis in dogs. Demodicosis in dogs with skin problems was diagnosed by examination of deep skin scrapings, trichogram and tape impression smears. Overall prevalence (dogs with cutaneous symptoms) of the disease was 8.23%. However prevalence in stray dogs was higher (14%) than owned dogs (5.8%). Prevalence of juvenile onset demodicosis (92.8%) was more than adult onset demodicosis . Males were slightly more susceptible than females, while a higher prevalence was noted in mongrels. Examination of deep skin scrapings was more efficacious than hair pluck. Tape impression smears were useful to identify few mites and pyoderma in dogs with dry lesions. Mites of different species could be identified based on morphometry, though PCR test is the best. D. cornei, identified in the tape impression smears was always associated with D. canis though not found in every case of demodicosis. Mite load was heavy in two pugs and in the case of GD with severe pyoderma. Presence or absence of secondary bacterial infection was confirmed by stained glass slide impression smears as well as tape impression smears. Symptoms noticed in dogs with demodicosis were alopecia (100%), followed by papules (64.2%), erythema (57.14%), lichenification, cellulitis, furunculosis and hyper pigmentation (35.7% each), ulcers and erosions (7.14% each), and pain (14.2%). Lesions were noticed in different areas of the body in different proportions with the face most affected. GD was more common than LD. Supplementation of symptomatology with microscopic examination revealed that GD with mild pyoderma (64.2%) was more common followed by squamous GD (21.4%) and GD with severe pyoderma (7.14%). Mean leucocyte, neutrophil, eosinophil and monocyte counts increased in most of the affected dogs. Similarly most of the affected dogs had anemia, lymphopenia, increased protein and globulin levels. In the present study, underlying factors such as malnutrition, endoparastism, improper management and stress were identified in most of the dogs while genetic susceptibility was suspected in Pure breeds. Oral ivermectin with or without supplements was highly efficacious and the time required for attaining clinical as well as 1st negative skin scraping varied from 20-70 days. Ivermectin was continued till the 2nd negative skin scraping and treated dogs were advised not to breed. No adverse affects were found during the ivermectin therapy. Though ivermectin was efficacious in the both groups, supplementation of the diet with protein and other pharmaceutical supplements brought about comparatively quick recovery. GD with mild pyoderma could be successfully treated with a combination of miticidal therapy and topical antibacterial shampoo alone with out any systemic antibiotics. During the monitoring period of three months recurrence was seen in one pug.ThesisItem Open Access ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF CARDIOMYOPATHY AND ITS TREATMENT IN DOGS(SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY , TIRUPATI – 517502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2013-02) USHA SREE, K; VAIKUNTA RAO, V (Major); NALINI KUMARI, K; RANI PRAMEELA, DABSTRACT The aim of the study was to describe clinical signs and haemato-biochemical findings in dogs with cardiomyopathy, to evaluate the cardiomyopathy in dogs with electrocardiography, thoracic radiography and echocardiographic examination and to study the therapeutic success rate in dogs with cardiomyopathy.The study revealed high incidence of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in Labrador retriever (56.25%), with male predominance and in the age group of 4-8 years.The clinical signs observed were cough, exercise intolerane, syncope, pedal edema, inappetence, weight loss and abdominal distention in DCM dogs with congestive heart failure.The physical examination findings were tachycardia, tachypnoea, dyspnoea, crackles and ascites. Haematological values showed the results of normal haemogram and leukogram. In serum biochemistry profile, elevated serum urea nitrogen, creatinine, aspartate transaminase (AST), CK-MB and cardiac troponin-I and normal sodium and potassium were observed.Thoracic radiography revealed cardiomegaly, pulmonary edema and prominence of left atrium. In electrocardiography, atrial fibrillation, ventricular premature contractions, left ventricular enlargement, left atrial enlargement and sinus tachycardia were more common.The M-mode echocardiography in DCM dogs showed elevated left ventricular internal dimensions, decreased left ventricular posterior wall thickness, elevated left atrium dimension, decreased aortal diameter, increased end point septal separation and reduced left ventricular contractility indices. Combination of L-carnitine and herbal drug abana was found to be effective in the management of congestive heart failure in dogs with DCM.ThesisItem Open Access CLINICO – BIOCHEMICAL AND THERAPEUTIC STUDIES ON COLIBACILLOSIS IN BUFFALO CALVES(SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI – 517 502. (A.P) INDIA, 2012-06) PRAFUL CHAND, K; Syaama Sundar, N; Suresh, K; Sreenu, MakkenaABSTRACT : The prevalence of colibacillosis was 37.91 while it was 40.00, 44.27 and 27.60 per cent at Campus Hospital, Veterinary Dispensaries and organized dairy farms respectively. The prevalence percentage of colibacillosis out of total diarrhoeic calves screened was 21.57, 13.07, 2.61 and 1.88 in age groups of upto 3 days, 4-7 days, 8-14 days and 15-30 days respectively. A highly significant difference (P<0.01) was observed in the prevalence of colibacillosis between the different age groups. The prevalence was higher in calves which were deficient in floor space, deprived of colostrum and male calves. Out of the 153 diarrhoeic calves screened, E. coli alone was isolated from 28.10 % calves. E. coli as mixed bacterial infection (9.8%); endoparasites (21.57%); parasites in combination with bacteria (24.18%) and unknown etiology of diarrhoea (16.33%) were the other causes. The antibacterial drug sensitivity test by disc-diffusion method revealed that more number of isolates were sensitive to ceftriaxone (86.67%) followed by ofloxacin (73.33%), gentamicin (70.00%), enrofloxacin (63.33%) and chloramphenicol (56.67%). There was a significant increase (P<0.01) in temperature, pulse, respiration in colibacillosis calves. The mean hemoglobin (gm/dL) value in apparently healthy calves was recorded to be 11.21±0.19 while the same in diarrhoeic calves was 13.26±0.21, 13.47±0.10 and 13.38±0.16 gm/dL in Group I, II and III respectively. The mean PCV (%) in healthy calves was 33.00±0.66 and the same in colibacillosis calves of Group I, II and III was recorded as 41.40±0.70, 40.80±0.64 and 42.00±0.69% respectively. There was significantly high level of hemoglobin and PCV in all the groups and the values returned to normal levels in a period of 5 days after therapy. The mean serum glucose (mg/dL) in healthy calves was 73.13±1.81 while the same was 43.33±1.38, 42.40±1.18 and 40.06±1.32 mg/dL in Group I, Group II and Group III colibacillosis calves respectively. The mean total protein (gm/dL) value in normal healthy calves was 7.15±0.09 and the corresponding values in Group I, Group II and Group III colibacillosis calves were 9.03±0.16, 9.21±0.22 and 9.66±0.14 (gm/dL) respectively. A significantly higher pre treatment level of serum protein (gm/dL) was noted in all the buffalo calves and declined to normal levels close to healthy control in a period of 5 days following therapy. The colibacillosis calves were randomly divided into three groups and therapeutic trails were undertaken. On the whole in Group I out of 15 affected calves clinical recovery was noticed in 9 (60.00%) calves in a period of 4-5 days. Two calves of Group I (13.33%) died. In Group II, 12 (80.00%) calves showed clinical recovery with a mortality rate of 6.67% (1 calf) and the duration of time for recovery being 3-4 days. In Group III all the 15 calves recovered with 100% efficacy within 2-3 days and no mortality was recorded in this group. A significant (P<0.05) difference was noticed among 3 treatment groups with regard to recovery rate. Ceftriaxone treated (Group III) calves recovered in shortest period (2-3 days) while, ofloxacin treated (Group II) calves took 3-4 days for recovery and gentamicin treated (Group I) calves showed recovery after 4-5 days with 100, 80 and 60% recovery rates. On the basis of the present study it may be inferred that early initiation of therapy with the most sensitive antibiotic like ceftriaxone in combination with oral rehydration solution, activated charcoal and kaolin pectin suspension will result in quick and prompt recovery with reduction in morbidity and mortality in colibacillosis affected buffalo calves.