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Subject: Livestock Production and Management × Author: KEERTHI, VADDESWARAPU × Start date: 2020 × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    A STUDY ON THE ROLE OF WOMEN IN DAIRY FARMING IN GUNTUR DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2022-03) KEERTHI, VADDESWARAPU; ANITHA, A (MAJOR); ANANDA RAO, K; SUDHAKAR, K
    An investigation was conducted to study the socio-economic profile, participation and decision making of farm women in dairy management practices, constraints faced by the women dairy farmers and constraints perceived by veterinarians in Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh. In the study area majority (P≤0.01) of farm women belonged to middle age group (70.20%), Backward Caste (38.20%) and had primary education (38.67%). Most of them were married (93.80%), belonged to nuclear families (76.40%) and had small family size (76.90%). Labour work and dairying was the major occupation (38.20%) of women in the study area. Most of the women had medium level of experience in dairying (51.60%) and were members in DWCRA/SHG (93.80%). Significant (P≤0.01) majority of women dairy farmers were frequently in contact with para veterinarian (62.70%) and veterinarian (46.20%). Women in Pedaravuru division had frequent exposure to television (37.30%) and occasional exposure to newspaper (29.30%). Women dairy farmers in Pedaravuru division obtained more income (rupees/day) through dairying (888.00±58.43). Women dairy farmers in Pedaravuru division possessed significant (P≤0.01) more graded Murrah buffaloes (5.57±0.38), buffalo calves (3.04±0.22) and participated regularly in taking animals for AI (65.30%), pregnancy diagnosis (56.00%), taking care of pregnant animals (84.00%) and arranging materials during parturition (74.70%). Significant (P≤0.01) majority of women dairy farmers in Narasaraopeta division had more participation in post calving care (83.00%). Women dairy farmers in Pedaravuru division were more involved in feeding animals with dry fodder (60.00%), concentrates (54.70%), storage of feed and fodder (49.30%) and green fodder collection and feeding (38.70%). Taking animals for grazing regularly was more in women dairy farmers in Narasaraopeta (41.30%) division than Pedaravuru (34.70%) and Guntur (8.00%) divisions. Majority of women dairy farmers in Pedaravuru division regularly participated in disposal of dung (58.70%), cleaning of animal sheds (50.70%), feeding of colostrum within one hour after birth (81.30%) and cleaning of calf after birth (74.70%). It was observed that significant (P≤0.01) majority of farmwomen in Pedaravuru division had regular participation in washing of animals before milking (81.30%), milking of animals (69.30%), cleaning of milking utensils (66.70%), taking care of sick animals (85.30%), vaccination and medication (76.00%) and taking animals for treatment (62.70%). Overall, only 18.20% and 10.70% of farm women were regularly participating in deworming of adult animals and purchase of veterinary medicine, respectively. It was observed that majority (58.70%) of farm women in Pedaravuru division were regularly participating in household sale of milk and milk products. Overall 32.00%, 27.10% and 13.80% of farm women were regularly participating in money collection, preparation of milk products and sale of milk through cooperatives, respectively. Significantly (P≤0.01) milk production (15.72±1.08), sale of milk (14.44± 1.04) was observed to be high in Pedaravuru division (litres/day). Significantly (P≤0.01) milk consumption (litres/ day) was observed to be high in Narasaraopeta (1.29± 0.07) and Pedaravuru (1.27± 0.10) divisions than Guntur (0.89±0.05) division. The sale price of milk was observed to be significantly (P≤0.01) high in Guntur (66.30±0.92) compared to Narasaraopeta (63.41±0.84) and Pedaravuru (61.03±0.83) divisions. Overall milk consumption (litres/day) by women is 0.34±0.01 in the study area. Only 21.30%, 18.70%, 6.20%, 11.60% and 7.10% farm women in the study area were regularly participating regarding taking loans/credits from banks/cooperatives, insurance of animals, purchase of concentrates, sale and purchase of animals, respectively. Time spent by women was more than men in dairy farm activities. Majority of farm women were participating in decision making regarding taking loans (82.67%), health care of animals (80.00%), management of newborn calves (80.00%), insurance of animals (73.33%), culling of uneconomic animals (73.33%), construction of animal sheds (58.67%), and breeding practices (56.00%) in Narasaraopeta division. Overall, significant (P≤0.01) majority of farm women were participating in decision making regarding purchase of roughages and feeding of animals (44.89%). Only 13.30%, 12.40%, 11.60% and 6.70% were participating in decision making regarding management of pregnant animals, management of sick animals, utility of dung and adoption of scientific management practices, respectively. Overall, 35.60% and 12.90% were regularly participating in decision making regarding preparation of milk products and sale of milk, respectively. The farm women in the study area had good knowledge regarding importance of Artificial Insemination (96.40%), followed by identifying the animals in estrus (95.10%), importance of treatment of anoesturs and repeat breeding animals (92.90%), culling of unproductive animals (87.10%) and pregnancy diagnosis at 3 months after insemination (86.70%). Poor knowledge was observed regarding dry period (20.90%), feeding concentrates according to the level of production (16.00%), strip cup test to detect mastitis (13.78%), urea treatment of paddy straw (4.90%) and practicing of dry cow therapy (4.89%) in the study area. Overall majority (68.44%) of farm women in the study area perceived lack of preservation facility for milk was the major technical constraint. Low market price for milk was the major economic constraint perceived by farm women (60.90%) in the study area. It was observed that 75.56% of veterinarians perceived high investment for establishing an entreprise as major constraint in the study area. It was observed that 26.70% of farm women in the study area suggested for provision of veterinary hospital and veterinarian.