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Subject: Animal Nutrition × End date: 2024 × Start date: 2024 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EVALUATION OF DIETS CONTAINING DELIGNIFIED PADDY STRAW ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF BUFFALO BULL CALVES
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY, TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2024-01) MOUNICA KOLLI; Ravi Kumar .M (MAJOR); Raja Kishore .K; Venkata Seshaiah .Ch; Baswa Reddy .P
    In a completely randomized design (CRD), 24 Murrah buffalo bull calves were randomly allotted to three dietary treatments (T1 to T3) comprising of green fodder viz., Hybrid Napier, concentrate mixture and paddy straw viz. normal paddy straw-NPS (T1; control), delignified paddy straw (DPS)-50% (T2) and delignified paddy straw -100% (T3), respectively. A concentrate mixture of 20% CP was prepared by using feed ingredients like maize, DORB, soybean meal. Weighed quantities of paddy straw and concentrate mixture were mixed every day and offered to calves in TMR form. All the three diets were evaluated for their effect on growth, nutrient utilisation, carcass characteristics and cost economics in growing buffalo bull calves. The percent DM, OM, CP, EE, CF, NFE, TA, NDF, ADF, hemi cellulose, cellulose and ADL were 94, 86.54, 5.57, 2.77, 33.55, 44.65, 13.46, 72.2, 49.34, 22.80, 38.1 and 5.43; 92.73, 91.41, 3.38, 2.97, 55.08, 29.98, 8.59, 81.32, 56.04, 25.28, 29.36 and 4.12 per cent in normal paddy straw and DPS, respectively. The calcium and phosphorous content in normal paddy straw and DPS were 0.42 and 0.105; 0.46 and 0.07 per cent, respectively. Feeding delignified paddy straw to growing buffalo bull calves had no effect (P>0.05) on DM, CP, EE and ADF digestibility as compared to control. However, digestibility of OM, CF, NFE, NDF, cellulose and hemicellulose were significantly higher (P<0.01) in T3 group as compared to the control group. The dry matter intake (kg/day) was significantly higher (P<0.01) in T2 group followed by T3 and T1. Inclusion of delignified paddy straw in the diet had no effect (P>0.05) on DMI expressed as % BW and g/kg W 0.75 among the different dietary treatments. Higher (P<0.05) water intake (L/day) in T2 and water intake (L/kg DMI) in T3 was observed in the calved fed delignified straw as compared to control. Further, better dung score (2.50) was recorded in T2 compared T1 (3.45) and T3 (1.50). The present study indicated that feeding of delignified paddy straw in buffalo bull calves had no effect on the body weight gain (kg), ADG (g/d) , feed efficiency and cost of feed/kg gain among the different dietary groups. However, there is a numerical increase in body weight gain (kg), ADG (g/d), better feed efficiency and decreased cost of feed/kg gain in T2 group compared to the T1 and T3 group. The cost of feed /kg gain decreased by ₹ 24.00 and 12.81 in T2 and T3, respectively, as compared to T1. Feeding of delignified paddy straw had no effect (P>0.05) on DCP content expressed as % in diet consumed and intake (kg). However, the TDN content expressed as % in diet consumed was higher in T3 group compared to T1 and T2. The carcass studies in buffalo bull calves fed delignified paddy straw at different levels had no effect (P>0.05) on the slaughter weights, wholesale cuts expressed as percent of carcass weight, yield of visceral organs expressed as percent of pre-slaughter weight. Thus, it was concluded that replacement of normal paddy straw with delignified paddy straw at a rate of 50% found to be superior with increased body weight gain, nutrient utilisation and decreased cost of feeding compared to 100% replacement in buffalo bull calves.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF DIETARY INCLUSION OF DRIED MUSHROOM (Agaricus bisporus) WASTE POWDER ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF JAPANESE QUAILS
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY, TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2024-01) HIMASREE KANCHARAPU; Kavitha .P (MAJOR); Anil Kumar .C; Nagaraja Kumari .K
    The current study was undertaken for a period of 35 days to assess the impact of dietary inclusion of dried mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) waste powder (MWP) on growth performance, serum biochemical profile, antioxidant status, digestibility of nutrients and carcass characteristics of Japanese quails. A total of one hundred and fifty day-old quail chicks were distributed among five groups, each containing three replicates with ten birds allotted randomly to one of the dietary treatments which were iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous (NRC,1994). Experimental diets were formulated with inclusion of MWP at 0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0 per cent in T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 groups, respectively with precise adjustments to other feed ingredients. Results illustrated significant (p<0.05) improvement in body weight gain in the groups fed MWP when compared to control. Significantly (p<0.01) better FCR, PI and PER were observed in T2 and T3 groups when compared to other dietary treatments. Additionally, increased feed intake (p<0.05) is observed in 6% MWP fed groups. The serum biochemical profile of the quails demonstrated that inclusion of MWP up to 6% in the diet had no effect (p>0.05) on serum total protein, globulin, A/G ratio, glucose, AST, ALT, creatinine and calcium content as compared to the control group. However, estimated values showed significant increase in serum phosphorus (p<0.05) and HDL-C (p<0.01) along with significant reduction (p<0.01) in serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-C and VLDL-C content in MWP fed groups when compared to the control group. Serum albumin and BUN levels exhibited a significant (p<0.05) increase in T5 group when compared to other treatments. The antioxidant profile of quails depicted significant increase in SOD (p<0.05) and catalase (p<0.01) activity as well as decrease in MDA content (p<0.01) with the level of MWP inclusion up to 6% level in the diet. The digestibility coefficients for OM, EE and NFE remained non significant (p>0.05) with the inclusion of MWP in the diet. DM digestibility was decreased significantly (p<0.01) at 4.5 and 6.0 per cent levels of inclusion. However, there was a significant (p<0.01) increase in CP digestibility in the T2 and T3 groups and CF digestibility in T2 group. Furthermore, the level of inclusion of MWP up to 6% in the diet had no effect on per cent calcium and phosphorus retention. Inclusion of MWP in the diet up to 6% level did not result in any significant (p>0.05) impact on carcass yield, dressing percentage, ready to cook yield or the per cent weight of heart, liver, gizzard and giblet when compared to the control group. The feed cost/kg gain exhibited a significant (p<0.01) decrease in T3 group and increase in T5 group. Our current research findings suggest that MWP in the diet can be included up to 3% level without affecting the performance by improving lipid profile and antioxidant status of the birds.