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ThesisItem Open Access A study on Food Safety Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices amongst rural and urban consumers related to refrigeration(MPUAT, Udaipur, 2023) Deepali Chandwani; Vishakha SinghThe present study was conducted with the objective to assess the knowledge and attitude of respondents towards food safety, to determine the storage practices related to refrigeration and to compare the knowledge and practices of rural and urban respondents. A total 200 samples of 100 respondents each were collected from rural and urban area. A structured questionnaire was developed to collect the data. The questionnaire consisted of general background information, questions regarding food safety knowledge, attitude towards food safety and hygiene, practices related to refrigeration, food handling practices and importance of refrigeration features. The statistical analysis was caring out using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation and Z-test was used to compare the knowledge and practices of rural and urban respondents. The findings indicated that there were no differences between the knowledge level of both the groups with mean score of rural being 28.15±4.096 and urban being 27.44±4.164. It was observed that 74% rural and 76% urban respondents persuaded average knowledge scores and 26% rural and 24% urban respondents had good knowledge scores. The mean score of overall attitudes of rural was 4.0375 ±0.28 and for urban it was 4.0735 ± 0.21. Practices of both the groups differ and it was seen that urban respondents followed better practices than rural people. The mean score of rural respondents was 105.52±5.059 and of urban was 107.88±6.582. The results showed 73% rural and 62% urban people possessing average practice scores and 27% rural and 38% urban having good practice scores due to poor educational status of rural people. Awareness regarding basic aspects of hygiene, storage temperatures could bring significant changes in the practices of people and thus decreasing cases of foodborne illnessThesisItem Open Access A Study on Knowledge and Adoption of Improved Lime Production Technology by Farmers in Udaipur District of Rajasthan(MPUAT, Udaipur, 2023) SHEKHAWAT, SARITA; S. S. Sisodia; MPUAT, UdaipurThe present study entitled “A Study on Knowledge and Adoption of Improved Lime Production Technology by Farmers in Udaipur District of Rajasthan” with the following specific objective: 1. To assess level of knowledge of farmers about recommended lime cultivation practices. 2. To study extent of adoption of recommended lime cultivation practices by farmers. 3. To identify relationship between personal characteristics of lime growers with their knowledge and adoption. 4. To identify constraints faced by the farmers in adoption of recommended lime cultivation practices and suggestion to overcome it. The present study will be conducted purposely in one district namely Udaipur on the basis of maximum area in lime cultivation in Southern Rajasthan. This district is located in MPUAT service area. Udaipur district comprises of fifteen Tehsils, out of these Gogunda, Jhadol, Girwa and Badgaon have been selected on the basis of maximum number of lime farmers. Respondents were selected through proportionate sampling from each selected tehsil.In this way,26 respondents were from Gogunda, 28 from Badgaon,23 from Jhadol and 23 from Girwa. Thus,s total 100 respondents selected for the present investigation. Data were collected through pre structured interview schedule. Thereafter data were analysed and result were interpreted as given below: The study revealed that majority of respondents belong to age group 32 to 52 years of age. This age group alone constituted 70.00 per cent of respondents, 76.00 per cent respondents were belong to medium income level i.e., Rs. 1,28,774 to Rs. 3,32,226 per annum, (82.00 %) respondents belonged to joint family, majority (47.00%) of respondents belongs to ST category, (49.00 %) of respondents were primary, 66.00 per cent respondents were small farmers having land size below 1.01- 2.00 ha, (82.00 %) respondents have medium level of extension contacts, (72.00 %) of them have medium level of access to source of information. The study indicates that majority of respondents i.e. 81.00 per cent possessed medium level of knowledge, whereas, 11.00 per cent respondents possessed high level of knowledge and remaining 08.00 per cent respondents possessed low level of knowledge about lime production technology. Respondents stated that that “Knowledge about harvesting practices” was the most favoured knowledge aspect with total MPS 98.00 and was ranked first and last eight rank “Knowledge about plant protection measures” with total MPS 60.66. It was found that majority (74.00 %) of the farmers had medium level of adoption, followed by low (14.00 %) and high level (12.00 %). From this, it can be concluded that majority of the farmers had medium level of adoption about lime production technology. “Adoption of recommended harvesting practices” was at ranked first by respondents with overall MPS 48.60 and last eight rank “Adoption of plant protection measures” with total MPS 11.95. It was observed that caste of respondents has non-significant relationship with their knowledge about lime production technology and another variables like age, annual income, family type, education level, land holding, extension contact, source of information were significant relationship with knowledge about lime production technology. It was estimated that caste and education level of respondents has nonsignificant correlation with their adoption about lime production technology and another variables like age, annual income, family type, land holding, extension contact, source of information were significant relationship with adoption about lime production technology. The study indicates that 81.00 per cent respondents found in medium constraints group, whereas 10.00 per cent respondents was perceiving high constraints and rest 09.00 per cent were perceiving low constraints about lime production technology. The key aspects “Constraints of plant protection measures” was ranked first by respondents with overall 84.00 MPS and last eight rank “Constraints of cultural practices” With MPS 70.55. The study suggests that:- 1. Farmers should send their soil samples regularly for soil testing to understand the nutrient levels and pH of the soil. Based on the results, amend the soil with the appropriate fertilizers and organic matter to ensure optimal growing conditions for lime. 2. Lime growers should stay vigilant for common pests like aphids, mites, and citrus leaf miners, as well as diseases like citrus canker and citrus greening. Consider integrated pest management (IM) techniques, which focus on using natural predators and organic treatments before resorting to chemical pesticides. 3. Implement a well-designed irrigation system that provides consistent moisture to the lemon trees. Drip irrigation is often preferred to avoid water wastage and minimize the risk of fungal diseases. 4. Government should offer subsidies for farm inputs, specifically plant protection chemicals like pesticides, fungicides, and insecticides. These subsidies could help farmers access these essential inputs at a reduced cost.ThesisItem Open Access A Study On Perception, Consumption Pattern And Traditional Practices Of Millets Among Families Of Udaipur City(MPUAT, Udaipur, 2023) Purvi Jain; Renu MograMillets are small-seeded annual grasses grown as grain crops in 131 nations. They are a rich source of nutrients and are a staple diet for 59 crore people in Asia and Africa. They can lower the chance of cardiovascular problems, aid in weight reduction, and contain vitamins B and phosphorus. The present study analyzed the “A study on Perception, Consumption pattern and traditional practices of millets among families of Udaipur city” .Specific objective of study were To assess the consumption pattern of millets among families of Udaipur.,to explore the millets based products available in local market and to develop informational booklet on millets to create awareness.A structured questionare was developed for women . For data collection 120 respodents were selected . It was found that there is significant difference in frequency of consumption of millets with age (32.989) and education (73.937) which is significant at 0.05 level It infers that there is significant impact of age on frequency of consumption of millets and It was found that there is significant difference in frequency for choosing particular grain with age (50.210) and education (38.009 )which is significant at 0.05 level It infers that there is significant impact of education on reason for choosing particular grain The market survey was conducted to collect information about millets and millets by products available in the market. Different brands were available, such as Slurp, Sunfeast, Britania, Aashirvaad, Tata soulful, Health Sutra, Mtr, Timios, and True elements. All the millet based brands and products were given in a booklet, which contained relevant information about millets, types of millets, benefits of each millet, nutritional composition, and traditional food preparations based on millets. As millet year is going on consumers are getting aware about it and by knowing their benefits they are consuming it ,change is going on and in few coming years everyone is going to consume millets and there is also need for health promotion activities to promote consumption of millets on regular by the communityThesisItem Open Access A study on Quality of Life of Juvenile Delinquents(MPUAT, Udaipur, 2023) Shailja Devi; Gaytri TiwariJuvenile delinquency is a major social problem as well as a major determinant of social order. In recent years, delinquency among children is increasing day by day. Children are the most innocent of all creations. They develop deviancy when various social and environmental factors that impinge on their innocence which propel and push them to be deviants. The involvement of both boys and girl delinquents in various crimes such as theft, burglary, riot, murder and rape, as well as carrying illegal arms and drugs and engaging in gambling activities, has increased dramatically. Keeping in view this perspective, the present study was conducted with the purpose to explore the reasons for factors affecting quality of life among juvenile delinquents (14-18 years) residing in the municipal limit of Udaipur district. A sample of 30 juvenile delinquents (15 boys and 15 girls) was drawn purposively through a preliminary survey in selected observation homes. The tool on “quality of life” was constructed and standardized to assess and compare the quality of life of juvenile delinquents. For assessing the level of overall quality of life of juvenile offenders and based on gender, ‘Frequency’ and ‘Percentage’ were calculated for various selected dimensions. To find out the association of physical health, psychological health, Social relationships and environment, chi-square test was used. For comparing physical health, psychological health, social relationships and environment in delinquents based on gender, t-test for difference between two means was computed. Results of study indicate that maximum of the juvenile delinquents belonged to 16-18 years of age. Majority of scheduled tribal children were indulged in crimes as compared to others. Most of the boys were educated up to primary level and girls were secondary level educated who belonged to rural family background. Majority of parents of boys and girls were illiterate. Most of the fathers of respondents were mainly involved in agriculture and daily wages activities whereas mothers of juvenile recidivists were involved in household activities. Majority of felon boys and girls were belonging to lower income groups. Most of the offences committed by delinquent boys were murder and rape whereas greater number of girls were having charges of theft, assault, kidnapping and abduction Maximum number of the boys’ offenders committed crime under the influence of peer whereas girls committed crime for economic benefits. Overall, a greater number of respondents obtained a poor range of scores in the percentage distribution of the level of overall quality of life.On the basis of gender, most of the felon boys scored an equal number of poor and average range in the frequency and percentage distribution of the level of quality of life whereas most of the girl offenders were having poor level of quality of life. With reference to dimension wise quality of life of felonies, most of the respondents scored average range of physical health and social relationships while psychological health and environment was found to be poor among the respondents. Likewise, in case of physical health, psychological health, social relationships and environment, there was no significant difference found in gender wise dimensions of quality of life. Gender wise, there was a significant difference observed in the mean values of sleep, activities in daily life and work capacity. No significant difference observed in pain & discomfort, energy and fatigue, mobility and medication in terms of physical health. There were significant differences found in the mean values in positive feelings, spirituality/ religion/ personal beliefs and thinking/ learning/ memory/ concentration in psychological health of boys and girls whereas there was no significant difference observed in body image and appearance, negative feelings and self- esteem among felonies. In terms of social relationships, there was significant difference obtained in social support and sexual activity while there was no significant difference observed in personal relationships. In gender wise comparison of environment, there was no significant difference observed in financial resources, physical safety and security, home environment, recreation/ leisure activities and facilities available. As per the results of present study, no association was found between overall and dimension wise quality of life among boys and girls. Case studies of all the 30 respondents were conducted to find out the factors affecting the level of quality of life in juvenile delinquents. A guidebook was developed for the betterment of individual, parents, family, school/ teachers and community on the basis of case study and findings of the study.ThesisItem Open Access Academic Stress and Self-Confidence among Rural Adolescents(MPUAT, Udaipur, 2021) Sheetal; Audichya, SumanDue to COVID 19, there is a transition in educational mode from offline to online learning, which is likely to increase academic stress among adolescents, particularly in rural areas due to internet divine. Academic stress is defined as the anxiety and stress that arises from schooling and education, therefore the study was examined to assess the academic stress, self-confidence and relationship of academic stress with self-confidence. Stress as an unpleasant state of emotional and physiological arousal that individuals experience in situations that they perceive as dangerous or threatening to their well-being. Mental health issues can significantly impair students’ academic success and social interactions affecting their future career and personal opportunities. Lack of self-confidence, somatization disorders, suicide ideation, and negative sense of self are the situations that are derived from academic stress. The current study was conducted to assess the academic stress and self-confidence of rural adolescents. For this purpose total sample size of 180 (90 boys and 90 girls) rural adolescents (16-18 year) were randomly selected from four villages of Udaipur district, having Senior Secondary schools Modified Academic Stress Scale developed by Rao (2012) was used to assess academic stress. Self-confidence inventory (Agnihotri 1985) modified by Nagda and Audichya (2013) was used to assess self-confidence. Percentage, mean score , standard deviation ,correlation and Z test were used for the analysis of data. The major findings revealed that adolescents have high to moderate academic stress and average to poor self-confidence. Girls were reported having somewhat higher academic stress and lower self-confidence than boys . The findings unveiled a strong and inverse relationship between respondents' academic stress and self-confidence. Further study outcomes indicated that the parental education and employment, as well as annual family income, were substantially related to academic stress and respondents' self-confidenceThesisItem Open Access ACCESSIBILITY OF IMPROVED ISABGOL (Plantago ovata Forsk). CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY TO THE FARMERS IN SANCHORE PANCHAYAT SAMITI OF JALORE DISTRICT (RAJ.)(MPUAT, Udaipur, 2005) Chandra, Ram; Sharma, F. L.In Rajasthan Isabgol is mainly grown in Jalore, Barmer, Pali, Jaisalmer and Chittorgarh district. Jalore is one of the chief Isabgol growing districts of the state. The crop is grown in 56,180 hectares area with production of 41129 tonnes seeds (Vital Statistics, 2002-03). This district ranked first in production of Isabgol. The climatic condition of Jalore district is most favourable for cultivation of Isabgol. Whereas, the productivity of this crop is low in comparison with estimates of the scientists. The production and productivity of Isabgol can be increased by the way of full adoption of Isabgol cultivation technology by the farmers. Keeping the above facts in view, the present investigation entitled “Accessibility of Improved Isabgol (Plantago ovata Forsk.) Cultivation Technology to the Farmers in Sanchore Panchayat Samiti of Jalore district (Rajasthan)” was undertaken with following specific objectives. (xi) To assess the knowledge level of farmers about Isabgol cultivation technology. (xii) To find out the extent of adoption of improved Isabgol cultivation practices among the farmers. (xiii) To know the opinion of farmers towards the cultivation of Isabgol in the study area. (xiv) To see the association between selected personal characteristics i.e. age, education, size of land holding, income level, family size & type and adoption of improved Isabgol cultivation technology. (xv) To identify the constraints being faced by the respondents in adoption of Isabgol cultivation technology. The present study was purposively conducted in Sanchore Panchayat Samiti of Jalore district of Rajasthan. Five villages were selected on the basis of maximum area under Isabgol crop from identified Panchayat Samiti. For selection of respondents, 24 Isabgol growers (8 marginal, 8 small and 8 large farmers) were randomly selected from each identified village. Thus, in all 120 respondents were included in the sample of study. Data were collected with the help of interview schedule developed for this study purpose through face to face contact method. Different statistical tests like mean, mean percent score, rank, standard deviation and analysis of variance were used in the analysis of data. The overall study reports the following main findings: The study indicated that majority of respondents (42.50%) possessed medium level of knowledge about improved Isabgol cultivation technology. While, 32.50 and 25.00 per cent respondents reported high and low level of knowledge regarding Isabgol cultivation technology. It was further revealed that the extent of knowledge in marginal farmers was from 42.22 to 90.75 per cent, in small farmers it was from 43.72 to 90.75 per cent. Whereas, in case of large farmers the extent of knowledge was observed to be from 55.00 to 96.00 per cent in all improved practices of Isabgol cultivation technology. The study also revealed that there was significant difference between small, marginal and large farmers with respect to possess knowledge about improved Isabgol cultivation practices. It was observed that majority of respondents (45%) were in the medium adoption group. While, 30.00 and 25.00 per cent farmers were in the low and high adoption group, respectively. It was further observed that the extent of adoption in marginal farmers was 20.00 to 87.50 per cent, in small farmers it was from 21.66 to 76.73 per cent, while in case of large farmers the extent of adoption was 31.66 to 94.16 per cent in all improved Isabgol cultivation practices. Further, it was found that there was non-significant difference between all three categories of farmers with respect to adoption of Isabgol cultivation practices. The study indicated that 66.66 per cent respondents had moderately favourable opinion towards cultivation of Isabgol. Whereas, 20.84 and 12.50 per cent respondents possessed most favourable and least favourable opinion about Isabgol cultivation, respectively. The study further revealed that most of the Isabgol growers agreed with the statements like “the cultivation of Isabgol is more advantageous than other cereal and cash crops”, “all the categories of farmers may cultivate the Isabgol crop” and “cost of cultivation is less of this crop” with MPS 91.87, 80.20 and 70.62, respectively. While, the respondents were least favourable opinion about the statement entitled “soil in area is less suitable of its cultivation” with MPS 16.45. This statements was expressed at the lowest in the opinion hierarchy by the respondents. The non-significant association was found between education, income, land holding, family type and size and level of adoption about improved Isabgol cultivation practices. It means that these personal variables were not associated with the level of adoption of Isabgol cultivation practices. While, age of respondents was associated with level of adoption of improved Isabgol cultivation practices in the study area. It was found that non-availability of improved seeds, irregular availability of electricity for water lifting pump, shattering losses due to unfavourable weather conditions, timely support price not declared by the government and lack of processing units in the area were some of the important constraints expressed by the farmers in adoption of improved Isabgol cultivation technology. It was further observed that there were non-significant variations in constraints perceived by the marginal, small and large categories of farmers in the adoption of improved Isabgol practices.ThesisItem Open Access Accessibility of Improved Isabgol (Plantago ovata forsk.) Cultivation Technology to the Farmers in Sanchore Panchayat Samiti of Jalore district (Rajasthan)(MPUAT, Udaipur, 2007) Vashishtha, Upma Vashishtha; Sharma, F. L.In Rajasthan Isabgol is mainly grown in Jalore, Barmer, Pali, Jaisalmer and Chittorgarh district. Jalore is one of the chief Isabgol growing districts of the state. The crop is grown in 56,180 hectares area with production of 41129 tonnes seeds (Vital Statistics, 2002-03). This district ranked first in production of Isabgol. The climatic condition of Jalore district is most favourable for cultivation of Isabgol. Whereas, the productivity of this crop is low in comparison with estimates of the scientists. The production and productivity of Isabgol can be increased by the way of full adoption of Isabgol cultivation technology by the farmers. Keeping the above facts in view, the present investigation entitled “Accessibility of Improved Isabgol (Plantago ovata Forsk.) Cultivation Technology to the Farmers in Sanchore Panchayat Samiti of Jalore district (Rajasthan)” was undertaken with following specific objectives. (i) To assess the knowledge level of farmers about Isabgol cultivation technology. (ii) To find out the extent of adoption of improved Isabgol cultivation practices among the farmers. (iii) To know the opinion of farmers towards the cultivation of Isabgol in the study area. (iv) To see the association between selected personal characteristics i.e. age, education, size of land holding, income level, family size & type and adoption of improved Isabgol cultivation technology. (v) To identify the constraints being faced by the respondents in adoption of Isabgol cultivation technology. The present study was purposively conducted in Sanchore Panchayat Samiti of Jalore district of Rajasthan. Five villages were selected on the basis of maximum area under Isabgol crop from identified Panchayat Samiti. For selection of respondents, 24 Isabgol growers (8 marginal, 8 small and 8 large farmers) were randomly selected from each identified village. Thus, in all 120 respondents were included in the sample of study. Data were collected with the help of interview schedule developed for this study purpose through face to face contact method. Different statistical tests like mean, mean percent score, rank, standard deviation and analysis of variance were used in the analysis of data. The overall study reports the following main findings: The study indicated that majority of respondents (42.50%) possessed medium level of knowledge about improved Isabgol cultivation technology. While, 32.50 and 25.00 per cent respondents reported high and low level of knowledge regarding Isabgol cultivation technology. It was further revealed that the extent of knowledge in marginal farmers was from 42.22 to 90.75 per cent, in small farmers it was from 43.72 to 90.75 per cent. Whereas, in case of large farmers the extent of knowledge was observed to be from 55.00 to 96.00 per cent in all improved practices of Isabgol cultivation technology. The study also revealed that there was significant difference between small, marginal and large farmers with respect to possess knowledge about improved Isabgol cultivation practices. It was observed that majority of respondents (45%) were in the medium adoption group. While, 30.00 and 25.00 per cent farmers were in the low and high adoption group, respectively. It was further observed that the extent of adoption in marginal farmers was 20.00 to 87.50 per cent, in small farmers it was from 21.66 to 76.73 per cent, while in case of large farmers the extent of adoption was 31.66 to 94.16 per cent in all improved Isabgol cultivation practices. Further, it was found that there was non-significant difference between all three categories of farmers with respect to adoption of Isabgol cultivation practices. The study indicated that 66.66 per cent respondents had moderately favourable opinion towards cultivation of Isabgol. Whereas, 20.84 and 12.50 per cent respondents possessed most favourable and least favourable opinion about Isabgol cultivation, respectively. The study further revealed that most of the Isabgol growers agreed with the statements like “the cultivation of Isabgol is more advantageous than other cereal and cash crops”, “all the categories of farmers may cultivate the Isabgol crop” and “cost of cultivation is less of this crop” with MPS 91.87, 80.20 and 70.62, respectively. While, the respondents were least favourable opinion about the statement entitled “soil in area is less suitable of its cultivation” with MPS 16.45. This statements was expressed at the lowest in the opinion hierarchy by the respondents.ThesisItem Open Access Accumulation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidants in Tolerant and Susceptible Genotypes of Groundnut [Arachis hypogaea L.] Under Water Stress(MPUAT, Udaipur, 2002-05-13) Mittal, Girish Kumar; Joshi, ArunabhThesisItem Open Access ACCUMULATION OF REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES AND ANTIOXIDANTS INVOLVED IN WATER STRESS TOLERANCE AND SUSCEPTIBILITY IN WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) GENOTYPES(MPUAT, Udaipur, 2009) Rajamani, Ganesh; Joshi, ArunabhWater stress imposed at the reproductive phase (pre and mid-anthesis) in bread-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes (Lok-1, Raj-3077, GW-273 and GW-322), physiologically assessed by reduction in both relative water content (RWC) and membrane stability index (MSI) values had induced the generation of reactive oxygen species - (ROS, viz., superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide). These ROS caused increases in levels of key antioxidative enzymes, i.e., superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase and ascorbate specific peroxidase as an effective mechanism of biochemical tolerance to the developed water stress condition. This increased antioxidant response was significantly high at the mid-anthesis stress period, compared to the pre-anthesis period, in all the genotypes. However, there occurred a decrease in accumulation of molecular antioxidants viz., L-ascorbic acid and reduced glutathione during water stress imposed at both developmental stages. Besides, lipid peroxidation and osmoregulation activities during stress were also found significantly increased in these genotypes, each differing in their responses to the internal water deficiency. All these biochemical parameters were found useful in screening these genotypes for their relative tolerance or susceptibility under water stress at the two developmental stages.ThesisItem Open Access Acute Toxicity (96h) of a Herbicide-Paraquat to a Freshwater Fish, Poecilia reticulata (Peters)(MPUAT, Udaipur, 2010) Paliwal, Deepika; Gupta, A. K.In the present study short-term (96 hr) toxicity of paraquat to juveniles, males and females of a freshwater fish, Poecilia reticulata for selected levels of pH of the water have been evaluated to find out the LC50's (median lethal concentrations) for different time intervals of 24, 48, 72 and 96 hrs. On the basis of LC50 values, safe and dischargeable concentrations of paraquat have also been estimated for better management of fish culture and/or aquaculture. The result indicates that paraquat is highly toxic to juveniles, males and females of Poecilia reticulata as LC50 values were recorded in ppb. Further, juveniles and males were found more sensitive as compared to females for paraquat at both pH (5.0 and 7.5) of water. The presumable safe concentration of paraquat for juveniles, males and females of Poecilia reticulata were ranged in between 26.15 to 96.14 ppb. for selected levels of pH. Whereas, the range of safe dischargeable concentration of paraquat to juveniles, males and females of Poecilia were recorded as 1.08 to 1.22 ppb. These safe dischargeable concentrations of paraquat may be applicable to any water for better fish culture and / or aquaculture.ThesisItem Open Access Adaptation of traditional Aipan designs on apparels through block printing with natural Thickening agent(MPUAT, Udaipur, 2013) Upadhyay, Hema; Babel, SudhaThe present study was carried out to study the extent of participation of farm women in post-harvest practices of kinnow, to study the knowledge & adoption & to find out technological needs of farm women in post-harvest practices of kinnow. The study was conducted in Sri Ganganagar district of Rajasthan. Two panchayat samities namely Sri Ganganagar & Sri Karanpur were selected purposively .From each panchayat samiti two villages were selected on the basis of highest production of kinnow. The total sample consisted of 100 farm women selected from four villages of selected panchayat samities. Personal interview technique was used for collecting data from the respondents. Frequency, percentage, mean, per cent & mean weighted score were used for analysis of data. The result of the study revealed that 65 per cent respondents belonged to age group of 30-45 years and 30 per cent were below 30 years of age. Majority of them belonged to reserve categories i.e. SC and OBC (92%), had joint families( 88%), agriculture as their main occupation (100%) and had land holding above 2 hectare (60%) . Nearly 70 per cent respondents studied till middle and primary level. The outcome of study divulges that majority of the respondents (100%) were participating in practice of plucking of kinnow independently or jointly with male members. However, in other activities like washing & cleaning, grading, storage, processing, marketing, and transportation participation of women was found to be less. The respondents had poor knowledge in post-harvest practices of kinnow with over all mean per cent score of 28.69. Component-wise knowledge scores highlights that respondents had average knowledge in four components viz-plucking (56.5MPS), washing& cleaning (51.83MPS) , packaging (40.92MPS) & grading (35.00MPS). Poor knowledge of the respondents was found in remaining five components viz-marketing (23.16MPS),storage (21.5MPS), transportation(15.62MPS),waxing (6.9MPS) and processing(100MPS). Similarly poor adoption of respondents was noticed with over all mean per cent score of 28.80. Component wise adoption in post –harvest practices highlighted that respondents had medium level of adoption in plucking (56.5MPS) & grading (35.0MPS). In other activities like washing & cleaning, waxing, packaging, storage, processing, marketing , transportation the respondents had low level of adoption (9-26MPS). The over- all knowledge and adoption gap in post-harvest practices was high. Components wise wide knowledge gap existed in the components - storage (78.5%), marketing( 76.84%), grading (65%), packaging (59.08%). Similarly high adoption gap was observed in the components viz- waxing (100%), processing (100%) , transportation (91%) and marketing (88.86%) , storage (80.29%), packaging (77.28%), washing and cleaning (74%) and grading (65%). On the basis of findings it can be concluded that wide technological gap was found in knowledge and adoption of post-harvest practices which can be minimized through education and trainingThesisItem Open Access ADAPTATION OF TRADITIONAL MANDANA DESIGNS OF RAJASTHAN FOR DEVELOPING RAJPUTI POSHAAK(MPUAT, Udaipur, 2018) PANWAR, RENUKA SINGH; BABEL, RUPALAdaptation of traditional Mandana designs of Rajasthan for developing Rajputi Poshaak. Rajputi Poshaak is a stunning and lively dress. The richness and diversity of Rajputi culture and heritage is reflected in this amazingly beautiful attire. The dress consists of four garments which together sum up as ‘Poshaak’; these are ‘Kanchali’, ‘Kurti’, ‘Ghagra’ and ‘Odhani’. Mandanas are drawn both in Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan. In Rajasthan they are drawn both on the floor and on the wall, whereas in Madhya Pradesh they are mostly drawn on the floor. Mandana derives from the word mandna which means ornamentation or decoration. Mandanas are drawn by women using kharia (chalk solution) and geru (red ochre). Block Printing is an ancient craft from of Rajasthan that is being practiced since time immemorial. There are two types of block printing famous in the states of Gujarat and Rajasthan namely- Sanganeri and Bagru. Bagru prints are done on black and red background where as Sanganeri is done on white background. The study was undertaken with the objective documentation and adaptation of Mandana design for developing Rajputi Poshaak and to design and develop Rajputi Poshaak using adapted mandana motif through block printing technique and to assess the acceptability and marketability of developed Rajputi Poshaak. The study was carried out in Udaipur City. Mandana motifs were collected and rating scale were developed to select 15 motifs for Rajputi Poshaak design, further the selected fifteen motifs were used to develop 10 Rajputi Poshaak placements and then the best five placements were selected for development of Mandana block printed Rajputi Poshaaks. For placement of Mandana motif on Rajputi Poshaak wooden block were developed. A five point rating scale and a questionnaire were given to 30 respondents (market personnels) to find out the acceptability and marketability of the Mandana block printed Rajputi Poshaak. Finding of the study revealed that developed products were highly appreciated by all the respondents. The most preferred Rajputi Poshaak was RP5 with first rank. Acceptability range of all the products ranged from 80.5 per cent to more than 95 per cent. Cost of all products ranged between Rs. 1305 to Rs. 2125. Marketability results revealed that development of Rajputi Poshaak through block printing using Mandana motif can be sold as handicrafts. Thus, it can be concluded that developed Rajputi Poshaak, being inspired from traditional folk art of Mandana painting were found totally fresh and unique by the respondents and consumers.ThesisItem Open Access Adaptation, Constraints And Socio-Economic Feasibility Of Solar Cooker For Domestic Purposes In Rural Area Of Udaipur, Rajasthan(MPUAT, Udaipur, 2023) Priyanka Bhati; Vishakha BansalThe present The present The present The present The present investigation had done to study the knowledge of rural farm wo investigation had done to study the knowledge of rural farm woinvestigation had done to study the knowledge of rural farm woinvestigation had done to study the knowledge of rural farm wo investigation had done to study the knowledge of rural farm woinvestigation had done to study the knowledge of rural farm wo investigation had done to study the knowledge of rural farm wo investigation had done to study the knowledge of rural farm wo investigation had done to study the knowledge of rural farm wo investigation had done to study the knowledge of rural farm woinvestigation had done to study the knowledge of rural farm wo investigation had done to study the knowledge of rural farm wo investigation had done to study the knowledge of rural farm woinvestigation had done to study the knowledge of rural farm woinvestigation had done to study the knowledge of rural farm wo investigation had done to study the knowledge of rural farm wo investigation had done to study the knowledge of rural farm wo investigation had done to study the knowledge of rural farm woinvestigation had done to study the knowledge of rural farm wo investigation had done to study the knowledge of rural farm wo investigation had done to study the knowledge of rural farm wo investigation had done to study the knowledge of rural farm wo investigation had done to study the knowledge of rural farm wo investigation had done to study the knowledge of rural farm woinvestigation had done to study the knowledge of rural farm woinvestigation had done to study the knowledge of rural farm wo investigation had done to study the knowledge of rural farm wo men men regarding solar cooker and its relatable aspects, to assess the adaptation of regarding solar cooker and its relatable aspects, to assess the adaptation of regarding solar cooker and its relatable aspects, to assess the adaptation of regarding solar cooker and its relatable aspects, to assess the adaptation of regarding solar cooker and its relatable aspects, to assess the adaptation of regarding solar cooker and its relatable aspects, to assess the adaptation of regarding solar cooker and its relatable aspects, to assess the adaptation of regarding solar cooker and its relatable aspects, to assess the adaptation of regarding solar cooker and its relatable aspects, to assess the adaptation of regarding solar cooker and its relatable aspects, to assess the adaptation of regarding solar cooker and its relatable aspects, to assess the adaptation of regarding solar cooker and its relatable aspects, to assess the adaptation of regarding solar cooker and its relatable aspects, to assess the adaptation of regarding solar cooker and its relatable aspects, to assess the adaptation of regarding solar cooker and its relatable aspects, to assess the adaptation of regarding solar cooker and its relatable aspects, to assess the adaptation of regarding solar cooker and its relatable aspects, to assess the adaptation of regarding solar cooker and its relatable aspects, to assess the adaptation of regarding solar cooker and its relatable aspects, to assess the adaptation of regarding solar cooker and its relatable aspects, to assess the adaptation of regarding solar cooker and its relatable aspects, to assess the adaptation of regarding solar cooker and its relatable aspects, to assess the adaptation of regarding solar cooker and its relatable aspects, to assess the adaptation of regarding solar cooker and its relatable aspects, to assess the adaptation of regarding solar cooker and its relatable aspects, to assess the adaptation of regarding solar cooker and its relatable aspects, to assess the adaptation of regarding solar cooker and its relatable aspects, to assess the adaptation of regarding solar cooker and its relatable aspects, to assess the adaptation of regarding solar cooker and its relatable aspects, to assess the adaptation of regarding solar cooker and its relatable aspects, to assess the adaptation of regarding solar cooker and its relatable aspects, to assess the adaptation of regarding solar cooker and its relatable aspects, to assess the adaptation of regarding solar cooker and its relatable aspects, to assess the adaptation of regarding solar cooker and its relatable aspects, to assess the adaptation of regarding solar cooker and its relatable aspects, to assess the adaptation of cooker among rural farm women, and to calculate the sociocooker among rural farm women, and to calculate the socio cooker among rural farm women, and to calculate the socio cooker among rural farm women, and to calculate the sociocooker among rural farm women, and to calculate the socio cooker among rural farm women, and to calculate the sociocooker among rural farm women, and to calculate the sociocooker among rural farm women, and to calculate the socio cooker among rural farm women, and to calculate the sociocooker among rural farm women, and to calculate the socio cooker among rural farm women, and to calculate the socio cooker among rural farm women, and to calculate the socio cooker among rural farm women, and to calculate the sociocooker among rural farm women, and to calculate the socio cooker among rural farm women, and to calculate the socio cooker among rural farm women, and to calculate the sociocooker among rural farm women, and to calculate the socio cooker among rural farm women, and to calculate the socio cooker among rural farm women, and to calculate the sociocooker among rural farm women, and to calculate the sociocooker among rural farm women, and to calculate the socio cooker among rural farm women, and to calculate the socio cooker among rural farm women, and to calculate the socio cooker among rural farm women, and to calculate the socio cooker among rural farm women, and to calculate the socio - economic feasibility of economic feasibility of economic feasibility of economic feasibility of economic feasibility of economic feasibility of economic feasibility of economic feasibility of economic feasibility of economic feasibility of economic feasibility of economic feasibility of economic feasibility of economic feasibility of using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by using solar cooker over other cooking fuels and to identify the constraints faced by farm women in the adoption of solar cooker farm women in the adoption of solar cooker farm women in the adoption of solar cooker farm women in the adoption of solar cooker farm women in the adoption of solar cooker farm women in the adoption of solar cooker farm women in the adoption of solar cookerfarm women in the adoption of solar cooker farm women in the adoption of solar cooker farm women in the adoption of solar cooker farm women in the adoption of solar cooker farm women in the adoption of solar cookerfarm women in the adoption of solar cookerfarm women in the adoption of solar cooker farm women in the adoption of solar cooker. The study was conducted in . The study was conducted in . The study was conducted in. The study was conducted in . The study was conducted in. The study was conducted in. The study was conducted in. The study was conducted in. The study was conducted in . The study was conducted in. The study was conducted in . The study was conducted in . The study was conducted in. The study was conducted in BadgBadgBadg ao n panchayat samiti. This panchayat samiti. This panchayat samiti. This panchayat samiti. Thispanchayat samiti. Thispanchayat samiti. This panchayat samiti. Thispanchayat samiti. Thispanchayat samiti. This panchayat samiti. This panchayat samiti. This panchayat samiti. This panchayat samiti panchayat samiti panchayat samiti panchayat samiti panchayat samiti panchayat samiti panchayat samiti panchayat samiti panchayat samiti panchayat samiti panchayat samiti was selected purposively as All India was selected purposively as All India was selected purposively as All India was selected purposively as All India was selected purposively as All India was selected purposively as All India was selected purposively as All India was selected purposively as All India was selected purposively as All India was selected purposively as All India was selected purposively as All India was selected purposively as All India was selected purposively as All India was selected purposively as All India was selected purposively as All India was selected purposively as All India Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture is worked the five villages of this panchay of this panchay of this panchay of this panchay of this panchay of this panchay of this panchayat samiti. From the selected panchayat samiti, all five nutri at samiti. From the selected panchayat samiti, all five nutri at samiti. From the selected panchayat samiti, all five nutri at samiti. From the selected panchayat samiti, all five nutri at samiti. From the selected panchayat samiti, all five nutri at samiti. From the selected panchayat samiti, all five nutri at samiti. From the selected panchayat samiti, all five nutri at samiti. From the selected panchayat samiti, all five nutri at samiti. From the selected panchayat samiti, all five nutri at samiti. From the selected panchayat samiti, all five nutri at samiti. From the selected panchayat samiti, all five nutri at samiti. From the selected panchayat samiti, all five nutri at samiti. From the selected panchayat samiti, all five nutri at samiti. From the selected panchayat samiti, all five nutri at samiti. From the selected panchayat samiti, all five nutri at samiti. From the selected panchayat samiti, all five nutri at samiti. From the selected panchayat samiti, all five nutri at samiti. From the selected panchayat samiti, all five nutri at samiti. From the selected panchayat samiti, all five nutri at samiti. From the selected panchayat samiti, all five nutri at samiti. From the selected panchayat samiti, all five nutri at samiti. From the selected panchayat samiti, all five nutri at samiti. From the selected panchayat samiti, all five nutri at samiti. From the selected panchayat samiti, all five nutri at samiti. From the selected panchayat samiti, all five nutri at samiti. From the selected panchayat samiti, all five nutri at samiti. From the selected panchayat samiti, all five nutri at samiti. From the selected panchayat samiti, all five nutri at samiti. From the selected panchayat samiti, all five nutri – smart smart smart villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda villages i.e., Madar, Thoor, Loyra, Brahmano ki hunder and Pherniyon ka guda adopted by AICRPadopted by AICRP adopted by AICRPadopted by AICRPadopted by AICRP adopted by AICRPadopted by AICRPadopted by AICRPadopted by AICRP-WIA were selected purposivelyWIA were selected purposivelyWIA were selected purposivelyWIA were selected purposivelyWIA were selected purposively WIA were selected purposively WIA were selected purposivelyWIA were selected purposively WIA were selected purposivelyWIA were selected purposivelyWIA were selected purposivelyWIA were selected purposively WIA were selected purposively WIA were selected purposively WIA were selected purposively. The total sample of study consist The total sample of study consist The total sample of study consist The total sample of study consist The total sample of study consist The total sample of study consist The total sample of study consist The total sample of study consist The total sample of study consist The total sample of study consist The total sample of study consist The total sample of study consist The total sample of study consist The total sample of study consist The total sample of study consist The total sample of study consist The total sample of study consist of 100 farm women (20 of 100 farm women (20 of 100 farm women (20 of 100 farm women (20 of 100 farm women (20 of 100 farm women (20 of 100 farm women (20 of 100 farm women (20 of 100 farm women (20 women from each village). women from each village). women from each village). women from each village). women from each village).women from each village).women from each village).women from each village).women from each village).women from each village). women from each village). women from each village).women from each village). The information from the The information from the The information from the The information from the The information from the The information from the The information from the The information from the rural women was gathered using an interview rural women was gathered using an interviewrural women was gathered using an interview rural women was gathered using an interview rural women was gathered using an interview rural women was gathered using an interviewrural women was gathered using an interviewrural women was gathered using an interview rural women was gathered using an interviewrural women was gathered using an interviewrural women was gathered using an interview rural women was gathered using an interview rural women was gathered using an interview rural women was gathered using an interview rural women was gathered using an interviewrural women was gathered using an interviewrural women was gathered using an interview rural women was gathered using an interview rural women was gathered using an interviewrural women was gathered using an interview rural women was gathered using an interview technique to complete the present technique to complete the present technique to complete the present technique to complete the present technique to complete the present technique to complete the present technique to complete the present technique to complete the present technique to complete the present technique to complete the present technique to complete the present technique to complete the present technique to complete the present technique to complete the present investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were investigation. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and percent score were employed for the analysis of data.employed for the analysis of data. employed for the analysis of data.employed for the analysis of data.employed for the analysis of data.employed for the analysis of data. employed for the analysis of data. employed for the analysis of data. employed for the analysis of data.employed for the analysis of data. employed for the analysis of data.employed for the analysis of data.employed for the analysis of data. employed for the analysis of data. employed for the analysis of data. employed for the analysis of data. The findin The findinThe findin gs of the study revealed that gs of the study revealed that gs of the study revealed that gs of the study revealed that gs of the study revealed that gs of the study revealed that gs of the study revealed that gs of the study revealed that gs of the study revealed that gs of the study revealed that gs of the study revealed that gs of the study revealed that gs of the study revealed that majority of the respondents (60 %) possessed majority of the respondents (60 %) possessed majority of the respondents (60 %) possessed majority of the respondents (60 %) possessed majority of the respondents (60 %) possessed majority of the respondents (60 %) possessed majority of the respondents (60 %) possessed majority of the respondents (60 %) possessed majority of the respondents (60 %) possessed majority of the respondents (60 %) possessed majority of the respondents (60 %) possessed majority of the respondents (60 %) possessed majority of the respondents (60 %) possessed majority of the respondents (60 %) possessed medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 medium level of knowledge about solar technology and its relative aspects, only 21 and 19 per cent of the respondents had good poor knowledge about solar and 19 per cent of the respondents had good poor knowledge about solar and 19 per cent of the respondents had good poor knowledge about solar and 19 per cent of the respondents had good poor knowledge about solar and 19 per cent of the respondents had good poor knowledge about solar and 19 per cent of the respondents had good poor knowledge about solar and 19 per cent of the respondents had good poor knowledge about solar and 19 per cent of the respondents had good poor knowledge about solar and 19 per cent of the respondents had good poor knowledge about solar and 19 per cent of the respondents had good poor knowledge about solar and 19 per cent of the respondents had good poor knowledge about solar and 19 per cent of the respondents had good poor knowledge about solar and 19 per cent of the respondents had good poor knowledge about solar and 19 per cent of the respondents had good poor knowledge about solar and 19 per cent of the respondents had good poor knowledge about solar and 19 per cent of the respondents had good poor knowledge about solar and 19 per cent of the respondents had good poor knowledge about solar and 19 per cent of the respondents had good poor knowledge about solar and 19 per cent of the respondents had good poor knowledge about solar and 19 per cent of the respondents had good poor knowledge about solar and 19 per cent of the respondents had good poor knowledge about solar and 19 per cent of the respondents had good poor knowledge about solar and 19 per cent of the respondents had good poor knowledge about solar and 19 per cent of the respondents had good poor knowledge about solar and 19 per cent of the respondents had good poor knowledge about solar and 19 per cent of the respondents had good poor knowledge about solar and 19 per cent of the respondents had good poor knowledge about solar and 19 per cent of the respondents had good poor knowledge about solar and 19 per cent of the respondents had good poor knowledge about solar and 19 per cent of the respondents had good poor knowledge about solar and 19 per cent of the respondents had good poor knowledge about solar and 19 per cent of the respondents had good poor knowledge about solar cooker technologycooker technology cooker technology cooker technologycooker technology cooker technology. Results of the study shown that 66 per cent respondents had adopted solar Results of the study shown that 66 per cent respondents had adopted solar Results of the study shown that 66 per cent respondents had adopted solar Results of the study shown that 66 per cent respondents had adopted solar Results of the study shown that 66 per cent respondents had adopted solar Results of the study shown that 66 per cent respondents had adopted solar Results of the study shown that 66 per cent respondents had adopted solar Results of the study shown that 66 per cent respondents had adopted solar Results of the study shown that 66 per cent respondents had adopted solar Results of the study shown that 66 per cent respondents had adopted solar Results of the study shown that 66 per cent respondents had adopted solar Results of the study shown that 66 per cent respondents had adopted solar Results of the study shown that 66 per cent respondents had adopted solar Results of the study shown that 66 per cent respondents had adopted solar Results of the study shown that 66 per cent respondents had adopted solar Results of the study shown that 66 per cent respondents had adopted solar Results of the study shown that 66 per cent respondents had adopted solar Results of the study shown that 66 per cent respondents had adopted solar Results of the study shown that 66 per cent respondents had adopted solar Results of the study shown that 66 per cent respondents had adopted solar Results of the study shown that 66 per cent respondents had adopted solar Results of the study shown that 66 per cent respondents had adopted solar Results of the study shown that 66 per cent respondents had adopted solar Results of the study shown that 66 per cent respondents had adopted solar Results of the study shown that 66 per cent respondents had adopted solar Results of the study shown that 66 per cent respondents had adopted solar Results of the study shown that 66 per cent respondents had adopted solar Results of the study shown that 66 per cent respondents had adopted solar Results of the study shown that 66 per cent respondents had adopted solar Results of the study shown that 66 per cent respondents had adopted solar Results of the study shown that 66 per cent respondents had adopted solar Results of the study shown that 66 per cent respondents had adopted solar cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for cooker technology whereases rest 34 per cent were in complete denial. Reasons for adoption of solar cooker and the practices extent following adoption of solar cooker and the practices extent following adoption of solar cooker and the practices extent following adoption of solar cooker and the practices extent following adoption of solar cooker and the practices extent following adoption of solar cooker and the practices extent following adoption of solar cooker and the practices extent following adoption of solar cooker and the practices extent following adoption of solar cooker and the practices extent following adoption of solar cooker and the practices extent following adoption of solar cooker and the practices extent following adoption of solar cooker and the practices extent following adoption of solar cooker and the practices extent following adoption of solar cooker and the practices extent following adoption of solar cooker and the practices extent following adoption of solar cooker and the practices extent following adoption of solar cooker and the practices extent following adoption of solar cooker and the practices extent following adoption of solar cooker and the practices extent following adoption of solar cooker and the practices extent following adoption of solar cooker and the practices extent following adoption of solar cooker and the practices extent following adoption of solar cooker and the practices extent following adoption of solar cooker and the practices extent following adoption of solar cooker and the practices extent following adoption of solar cooker and the practices extent following adoption of solar cooker and the practices extent following adoption of solar cooker and the practices extent following adoption of solar cooker and the practices extent following adoption of solar cooker and the practices extent following adoption of solar cooker and the practices extent following adoption of solar cooker and the practices extent following adoption of solar cooker and the practices extent following adoption of solar cooker and the practices extent following adoption of solar cooker and the practices extent following practices practicespractices practicespracticespractices has been discussed in the study.has been discussed in the study.has been discussed in the study. has been discussed in the study.has been discussed in the study. has been discussed in the study.has been discussed in the study. has been discussed in the study.has been discussed in the study. 70 The results regarding The results regarding The results regarding The results regarding The results regarding The results regarding The results regarding The results regarding The results regarding The results regarding the socio the socio the socio -economic feasibility of solar cooker explains that economic feasibility of solar cooker explains that economic feasibility of solar cooker explains that economic feasibility of solar cooker explains that economic feasibility of solar cooker explains that economic feasibility of solar cooker explains that economic feasibility of solar cooker explains that economic feasibility of solar cooker explains that economic feasibility of solar cooker explains that economic feasibility of solar cooker explains that economic feasibility of solar cooker explains that economic feasibility of solar cooker explains that economic feasibility of solar cooker explains that economic feasibility of solar cooker explains that economic feasibility of solar cooker explains that economic feasibility of solar cooker explains that economic feasibility of solar cooker explains that economic feasibility of solar cooker explains that economic feasibility of solar cooker explains that economic feasibility of solar cooker explains that economic feasibility of solar cooker explains that economic feasibility of solar cooker explains that majority of the respondents were still following traditional cooking practices on a majority of the respondents were still following traditional cooking practices on a majority of the respondents were still following traditional cooking practices on a majority of the respondents were still following traditional cooking practices on a majority of the respondents were still following traditional cooking practices on a majority of the respondents were still following traditional cooking practices on a majority of the respondents were still following traditional cooking practices on a majority of the respondents were still following traditional cooking practices on a majority of the respondents were still following traditional cooking practices on a majority of the respondents were still following traditional cooking practices on a majority of the respondents were still following traditional cooking practices on a majority of the respondents were still following traditional cooking practices on a majority of the respondents were still following traditional cooking practices on a majority of the respondents were still following traditional cooking practices on a majority of the respondents were still following traditional cooking practices on a majority of the respondents were still following traditional cooking practices on a majority of the respondents were still following traditional cooking practices on a majority of the respondents were still following traditional cooking practices on a majority of the respondents were still following traditional cooking practices on a majority of the respondents were still following traditional cooking practices on a majority of the respondents were still following traditional cooking practices on a majority of the respondents were still following traditional cooking practices on a majority of the respondents were still following traditional cooking practices on a majority of the respondents were still following traditional cooking practices on a majority of the respondents were still following traditional cooking practices on a majority of the respondents were still following traditional cooking practices on a majority of the respondents were still following traditional cooking practices on a majority of the respondents were still following traditional cooking practices on a majority of the respondents were still following traditional cooking practices on a majority of the respondents were still following traditional cooking practices on a majority of the respondents were still following traditional cooking practices on a majority of the respondents were still following traditional cooking practices on a majority of the respondents were still following traditional cooking practices on a daily basis, by replacing these fuels with solar cook daily basis, by replacing these fuels with solar cook daily basis, by replacing these fuels with solar cookdaily basis, by replacing these fuels with solar cookdaily basis, by replacing these fuels with solar cook daily basis, by replacing these fuels with solar cook daily basis, by replacing these fuels with solar cook daily basis, by replacing these fuels with solar cookdaily basis, by replacing these fuels with solar cookdaily basis, by replacing these fuels with solar cookdaily basis, by replacing these fuels with solar cookdaily basis, by replacing these fuels with solar cookdaily basis, by replacing these fuels with solar cook daily basis, by replacing these fuels with solar cook daily basis, by replacing these fuels with solar cook daily basis, by replacing these fuels with solar cook daily basis, by replacing these fuels with solar cookdaily basis, by replacing these fuels with solar cook daily basis, by replacing these fuels with solar cook daily basis, by replacing these fuels with solar cook daily basis, by replacing these fuels with solar cook daily basis, by replacing these fuels with solar cookdaily basis, by replacing these fuels with solar cookdaily basis, by replacing these fuels with solar cook er for one time meal it has been er for one time meal it has been er for one time meal it has been er for one time meal it has been er for one time meal it has been er for one time meal it has been er for one time meal it has been er for one time meal it has been er for one time meal it has been er for one time meal it has been er for one time meal it has been er for one time meal it has been er for one time meal it has been er for one time meal it has been er for one time meal it has been er for one time meal it has been er for one time meal it has been er for one time meal it has been er for one time meal it has been found that almost half of the invested hours on collecting fuels could be saved, saving found that almost half of the invested hours on collecting fuels could be saved, saving found that almost half of the invested hours on collecting fuels could be saved, saving found that almost half of the invested hours on collecting fuels could be saved, saving found that almost half of the invested hours on collecting fuels could be saved, saving found that almost half of the invested hours on collecting fuels could be saved, saving found that almost half of the invested hours on collecting fuels could be saved, saving found that almost half of the invested hours on collecting fuels could be saved, saving found that almost half of the invested hours on collecting fuels could be saved, saving found that almost half of the invested hours on collecting fuels could be saved, saving found that almost half of the invested hours on collecting fuels could be saved, saving found that almost half of the invested hours on collecting fuels could be saved, saving found that almost half of the invested hours on collecting fuels could be saved, saving found that almost half of the invested hours on collecting fuels could be saved, saving found that almost half of the invested hours on collecting fuels could be saved, saving found that almost half of the invested hours on collecting fuels could be saved, saving found that almost half of the invested hours on collecting fuels could be saved, saving found that almost half of the invested hours on collecting fuels could be saved, saving found that almost half of the invested hours on collecting fuels could be saved, saving found that almost half of the invested hours on collecting fuels could be saved, saving found that almost half of the invested hours on collecting fuels could be saved, saving found that almost half of the invested hours on collecting fuels could be saved, saving found that almost half of the invested hours on collecting fuels could be saved, saving found that almost half of the invested hours on collecting fuels could be saved, saving found that almost half of the invested hours on collecting fuels could be saved, saving found that almost half of the invested hours on collecting fuels could be saved, saving found that almost half of the invested hours on collecting fuels could be saved, saving found that almost half of the invested hours on collecting fuels could be saved, saving found that almost half of the invested hours on collecting fuels could be saved, saving found that almost half of the invested hours on collecting fuels could be saved, saving found that almost half of the invested hours on collecting fuels could be saved, saving found that almost half of the invested hours on collecting fuels could be saved, saving found that almost half of the invested hours on collecting fuels could be saved, saving of amount Rs. 3390 or more per annum, and protection environment could be done of amount Rs. 3390 or more per annum, and protection environment could be done of amount Rs. 3390 or more per annum, and protection environment could be done of amount Rs. 3390 or more per annum, and protection environment could be done of amount Rs. 3390 or more per annum, and protection environment could be done of amount Rs. 3390 or more per annum, and protection environment could be done of amount Rs. 3390 or more per annum, and protection environment could be done of amount Rs. 3390 or more per annum, and protection environment could be done of amount Rs. 3390 or more per annum, and protection environment could be done of amount Rs. 3390 or more per annum, and protection environment could be done of amount Rs. 3390 or more per annum, and protection environment could be done of amount Rs. 3390 or more per annum, and protection environment could be done of amount Rs. 3390 or more per annum, and protection environment could be done of amount Rs. 3390 or more per annum, and protection environment could be done of amount Rs. 3390 or more per annum, and protection environment could be done of amount Rs. 3390 or more per annum, and protection environment could be done of amount Rs. 3390 or more per annum, and protection environment could be done of amount Rs. 3390 or more per annum, and protection environment could be done of amount Rs. 3390 or more per annum, and protection environment could be done of amount Rs. 3390 or more per annum, and protection environment could be done of amount Rs. 3390 or more per annum, and protection environment could be done of amount Rs. 3390 or more per annum, and protection environment could be done of amount Rs. 3390 or more per annum, and protection environment could be done of amount Rs. 3390 or more per annum, and protection environment could be done of amount Rs. 3390 or more per annum, and protection environment could be done of amount Rs. 3390 or more per annum, and protection environment could be done of amount Rs. 3390 or more per annum, and protection environment could be done of amount Rs. 3390 or more per annum, and protection environment could be done of amount Rs. 3390 or more per annum, and protection environment could be done of amount Rs. 3390 or more per annum, and protection environment could be done of amount Rs. 3390 or more per annum, and protection environment could be done of amount Rs. 3390 or more per annum, and protection environment could be done of amount Rs. 3390 or more per annum, and protection environment could be done of amount Rs. 3390 or more per annum, and protection environment could be done of amount Rs. 3390 or more per annum, and protection environment could be done of amount Rs. 3390 or more per annum, and protection environment could be done by limiting the amount of COby limiting the amount of COby limiting the amount of COby limiting the amount of CO by limiting the amount of CO by limiting the amount of CO by limiting the amount of CO by limiting the amount of COby limiting the amount of CO by limiting the amount of COby limiting the amount of COby limiting the amount of COby limiting the amount of CO by limiting the amount of COby limiting the amount of COby limiting the amount of CO by limiting the amount of COby limiting the amount of CO2 release i.e., 90,133 kg release i.e., 90,133 kg release i.e., 90,133 kgrelease i.e., 90,133 kg release i.e., 90,133 kgrelease i.e., 90,133 kg release i.e., 90,133 kgrelease i.e., 90,133 kg release i.e., 90,133 kgrelease i.e., 90,133 kg . The amount of time and money . The amount of time and money . The amount of time and money . The amount of time and money . The amount of time and money . The amount of time and money . The amount of time and money . The amount of time and money . The amount of time and money . The amount of time and money . The amount of time and money . The amount of time and money . The amount of time and money . The amount of time and money . The amount of time and money saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in saved by replacing traditional cooking practices with solar cooker could help in enhancing the socioenhancing the socio enhancing the socio enhancing the socio enhancing the socioenhancing the socio enhancing the socio -economic status of rural farm women.economic status of rural farm women.economic status of rural farm women. economic status of rural farm women. economic status of rural farm women.economic status of rural farm women. economic status of rural farm women. economic status of rural farm women. economic status of rural farm women.economic status of rural farm women. economic status of rural farm women. economic status of rural farm women. The major two constraints faced by the respondents were The major two constraints faced by the respondents were The major two constraints faced by the respondents were The major two constraints faced by the respondents were The major two constraints faced by the respondents were The major two constraints faced by the respondents were The major two constraints faced by the respondents were The major two constraints faced by the respondents were The major two constraints faced by the respondents were The major two constraints faced by the respondents were The major two constraints faced by the respondents were The major two constraints faced by the respondents were The major two constraints faced by the respondents were The major two constraints faced by the respondents were The major two constraints faced by the respondents were The major two constraints faced by the respondents were The major two constraints faced by the respondents were The major two constraints faced by the respondents were The major two constraints faced by the respondents were The major two constraints faced by the respondents were The major two constraints faced by the respondents were The major two constraints faced by the respondents were The major two constraints faced by the respondents were The major two constraints faced by the respondents were The major two constraints faced by the respondents were The major two constraints faced by the respondents were personal constraint (53.83 personal constraint (53.83 personal constraint (53.83 personal constraint (53.83 personal constraint (53.83 personal constraint (53.83 personal constraint (53.83 personal constraint (53.83 personal constraint (53.83 personal constraint (53.83 personal constraint (53.83 personal constraint (53.83 %) and nd operational constraint (53.37 %), some other constraints were also found out operational constraint (53.37 %), some other constraints were also found out operational constraint (53.37 %), some other constraints were also found out operational constraint (53.37 %), some other constraints were also found out operational constraint (53.37 %), some other constraints were also found out operational constraint (53.37 %), some other constraints were also found out operational constraint (53.37 %), some other constraints were also found out operational constraint (53.37 %), some other constraints were also found out operational constraint (53.37 %), some other constraints were also found out operational constraint (53.37 %), some other constraints were also found out operational constraint (53.37 %), some other constraints were also found out operational constraint (53.37 %), some other constraints were also found out operational constraint (53.37 %), some other constraints were also found out operational constraint (53.37 %), some other constraints were also found out operational constraint (53.37 %), some other constraints were also found out operational constraint (53.37 %), some other constraints were also found out operational constraint (53.37 %), some other constraints were also found out operational constraint (53.37 %), some other constraints were also found out operational constraint (53.37 %), some other constraints were also found out operational constraint (53.37 %), some other constraints were also found out operational constraint (53.37 %), some other constraints were also found out operational constraint (53.37 %), some other constraints were also found out operational constraint (53.37 %), some other constraints were also found out operational constraint (53.37 %), some other constraints were also found out operational constraint (53.37 %), some other constraints were also found out operational constraint (53.37 %), some other constraints were also found out operational constraint (53.37 %), some other constraints were also found out operational constraint (53.37 %), some other constraints were also found out operational constraint (53.37 %), some other constraints were also found out operational constraint (53.37 %), some other constraints were also found out operational constraint (53.37 %), some other constraints were also found out operational constraint (53.37 %), some other constraints were also found out operational constraint (53.37 %), some other constraints were also found out operational constraint (53.37 %), some other constraints were also found out operational constraint (53.37 %), some other constraints were also found out operational constraint (53.37 %), some other constraints were also found out during the investigation i.e., animal attack (15 %), over during the investigation i.e., animal attack (15 %), over during the investigation i.e., animal attack (15 %), over during the investigation i.e., animal attack (15 %), over during the investigation i.e., animal attack (15 %), over during the investigation i.e., animal attack (15 %), over during the investigation i.e., animal attack (15 %), over during the investigation i.e., animal attack (15 %), over during the investigation i.e., animal attack (15 %), over during the investigation i.e., animal attack (15 %), over during the investigation i.e., animal attack (15 %), over during the investigation i.e., animal attack (15 %), over during the investigation i.e., animal attack (15 %), over during the investigation i.e., animal attack (15 %), over during the investigation i.e., animal attack (15 %), over during the investigation i.e., animal attack (15 %), over during the investigation i.e., animal attack (15 %), over during the investigation i.e., animal attack (15 %), over during the investigation i.e., animal attack (15 %), over during the investigation i.e., animal attack (15 %), over during the investigation i.e., animal attack (15 %), over during the investigation i.e., animal attack (15 %), over during the investigation i.e., animal attack (15 %), over during the investigation i.e., animal attack (15 %), over during the investigation i.e., animal attack (15 %), over -cookedcooked cooked food food (25 %), 25 %), 25 %), insufficient amount of sunlight in house (18 %), and lack interest 37 %). insufficient amount of sunlight in house (18 %), and lack interest 37 %). insufficient amount of sunlight in house (18 %), and lack interest 37 %). insufficient amount of sunlight in house (18 %), and lack interest 37 %). insufficient amount of sunlight in house (18 %), and lack interest 37 %). insufficient amount of sunlight in house (18 %), and lack interest 37 %). insufficient amount of sunlight in house (18 %), and lack interest 37 %).insufficient amount of sunlight in house (18 %), and lack interest 37 %). insufficient amount of sunlight in house (18 %), and lack interest 37 %). insufficient amount of sunlight in house (18 %), and lack interest 37 %). insufficient amount of sunlight in house (18 %), and lack interest 37 %). insufficient amount of sunlight in house (18 %), and lack interest 37 %).insufficient amount of sunlight in house (18 %), and lack interest 37 %). insufficient amount of sunlight in house (18 %), and lack interest 37 %). insufficient amount of sunlight in house (18 %), and lack interest 37 %).insufficient amount of sunlight in house (18 %), and lack interest 37 %). insufficientThesisItem Open Access Adaption and Development of Designs from Traditional Molela Craft of Rajasthan for Design Intervention on Women Apparels(MPUT, UDAIPUR, 2019) TRIVEDI, KAMAKSHI; Srivastava, MeenuEver since the dawn of civilization man has felt the urge to decorate textile by the means of weaving, printing, and embroidery. The present investigation was undertaken to develop the stencil printed women apparels using molela craft motifs. Molela village is home to numerous artisans and painters who produce a unique craft, the terracotta plaques of Molela. The craft involves the sculpting of idols out of clay on a flat clay base. The study was undertaken with the objective explore, documentation and adaption molela craft design for developing new textile designs for women apparels and to design and develop women apparels using adapted molela motif through stencil printing technique and to access the acceptability and cost of developed women apparels. The study was carried out in molela village and Udaipur city and artisans were selected as sample of the study. The survey was conducted by Interview schedule which was given to 25 respondents to collect the Molela design and later to select best 10 design for development of new motifs further the selected 10 motifs were adapted to develop 30 women apparel by developing 6 different placements for each women apparels. One best design for each women apparel was selected for development of women apparels using stencil printed method. A 5 point rating scale was given to 30 respondents to find out the acceptability of the developed printed women apparels. Finding of the study revealed that developed products were highly appreciated by all the respondents. Among the developed Kurti (WA1), Gown (WA2), Shrug (WA3), Skirt (WA4) and Stole (WA5), the most preferred women apparel was Kurti (WA1) with first rank acceptability range of all the products ranged from 86.09 percent to more than 93.33 percent. Cost of all products ranged between Rs. 420 To 1000 Rs. Thus, it can be concluded that developed women apparel; being aspired from traditional clay art of molela craft were found totally fresh and unique by all the respondents.ThesisItem Open Access Adoption Behavior of Coriander (Corianderum sativum L.) Cultivators in Jhalawar District of Rajasthan(MPUAT, Udaipur, 2012) Choudhary, Rohit; Punjabi, N. K.India is a land of spices. It has a unique position in the global spice scenario as the largest producer, consumer and exporter of seed spices. Coriander is an important condiment and highly valued spice grown in India. Rajasthan state alone contributes around 44 per cent of the production of the country. Coriander crop in Rajasthan is grown mainly in the Kota region. There is a wide scope to improve and increase the coriander production and productivity by enhancing the knowledge and adoption of coriander production technology. Keeping the above facts in view the present study entitled “Adoption Behavior of Coriander (Corianderum sativum L.) Cultivators in Jhalawar District of Rajasthan” was undertaken with the following specific objectives: (i) To find out the level of knowledge of farmers about coriander production technology. (ii) To assess the adoption of recommended coriander practices by the farmers in the study area. (iii) To study the information processing behavior of coriander producers in the study area. (iv) To find out the association between selected personal attributes viz., age, education, family size, size of land holding, mass media exposure and innovation proneness with that of adoption level of farmers regarding coriander production technology. (v) To determine the constraints being perceived by the farmers in the adoption of coriander production technology. The present study was conducted in Jhalawar district of Rajasthan. There are total six panchayat samities in Jhalawar district, out of which two panchayat samities namely, Khanpur and Jhalrapatan were selected on the basis of maximum area under coriander cultivation. Four villages from each identified panchayat samiti were selected on the basis of maximum area under coriander cultivation. For selection of respondents, 120 coriander growers (40 marginal, 40 small, and 40 large farmers) were randomly selected from identified villages for data collection. The data were collected with the help of interview schedule developed for the study purpose through face to face contact method. Appropriate statistical tests like mean, mean per cent score, rank and standard deviation, X2 – test and ‘F’ test were applied in the analysis of data. The overall study reports the following main findings: The study revealed that one-fourth of the total respondents possessed medium level of knowledge while, 7.50 and 67.50 per cent coriander growers had low and high level of knowledge about coriander production technology. It was further observed that the extent of knowledge in marginal farmers was ranged 60.00 to 88.89 per cent, whereas in case of small farmers and large farmers, it was 62.50 to 93.06 and 70.00 to 97.50 per cent in all the practices of coriander production respectively. There existed a difference among marginal, small and large farmers with respect to knowledge about coriander production technology. The findings indicated that 26.67 per cent of the total respondents possessed medium level of adoption while, 21.94 and 51.39 per cent coriander growers had low and high level of adoption of coriander production technology. It was also observed that the extent of adoption in marginal farmers ranged from 31.67 to 88.33 per cent, whereas in case of small farmers and large farmers it was 34.17 to 91.67 and 36.67 to 95.00 per cent in all the practices of coriander production respectively. There was difference among marginal, small and large farmers with regard to adoption of coriander production technology. It was observed that 30.00 per cent of the total respondents possessed medium level of information processing behavior while, 23.33 and 46.67 per cent coriander growers had low and high level of information processing behavior. It was further observed that from among selected information processing methods, information evaluation methods were used to more extent by the coriander growers with MPS 82.78. There existed no difference among marginal, small and large farmers with respect to information processing behavior in the study area. It was observed that personal characteristics of the coriander growers viz., age, education, family size, mass media exposure and innovation proneness were not associated with the adoption level of the respondents about coriander production technology. These attributes and adoption of coriander production technology were reported to be independent. The findings indicated that lack of e-mail and internet facilities, (technical constraints), high cost of diesel, (economical constraints), absence of minimum support prices, (marketing constraints), adverse climatic conditions, (miscellaneous constraints), were perceived as most important constraints by the coriander growers. It was also found that there existed difference in intensity of constraints perceived by the marginal, small and large farmers in adoption of coriander production technology. Keeping in view the overall findings of the study it is recommended that the government should timely declare the support price of coriander, which will help the cultivators for getting reasonable price of their produce. It is also recommended that government and semi-government agencies should purchase the produce at reasonable rate directly from the cultivators so that farmers could fetch the remunerated prices of their produce.ThesisItem Open Access Adoption Behaviour and Resource Use Efficiency of Organic Farmers in Southern Rajasthan(NOVJOT, 2023) SINGH, NOVJOT; Latika Sharma; MPUAT, UdaipurThe purpose of the current study was to evaluate the factor affecting adoption behaviour and resource use efficiency of organic farmers in Southern Rajasthan. The study was based on primary data which was collected by pre-structured and pre-tested schedules from season Rabi 2022-23 and secondary data collected from published and unpublished reports, journals, government or non-government published sources. Total 60 organic farmers and 60 inorganic farmers were selected from Bhilwara and Chittorgarh districts. Two tehsils from each district were selected and one village from each tehsil was selected to conduct the research. Status of organic farmers, economics and adoption behaviour and resource use efficiency was calculated to fulfill the objectives of research. The study revealed that total number of farmers registered for organic certification and area organically certified was increasing with compound growth rate 6.41 and 3.45 from year 2008-09 to 2020-21. The total cost of cultivation of organic wheat was ₹ 52504.63 and for inorganic wheat was ₹ 56919.69 per hectare. Return per rupee of organic wheat cultivation (1.82) was found higher as compared to inorganic wheat cultivation (1.68). Out of the selected variables education level, availability of FYM, availability of marketing facility, premium price in market and lower yield level were found significantly influencing the farmers to adopt organic farming. The resource use efficiency analysis showed that resources are not being used as efficiently as they may be in the research region, which could lead to higher production. As stated by the sample farmers the major reasons for shifting over to organic wheat cultivation were increasing return from organic wheat, quality of organic products, improvement in soil health and health concerns of familyThesisItem Open Access Adoption Behaviour of Ginger (Zingiber officinale L.) Cultivators in Udaipur District of Rajasthan(MPUAT, Udaipur, 2006) Kumar, Vikash; Sisodia, S. S.Ginger is cultivated mainly in Udaipur, Dungarpur and Baran districts of Rajasthan. The climatic conditions of the Udaipur district are most suitable for cultivation of ginger but the production of this crop is very less and production decreasing year after year very rapidly. Keeping this view in mind, the present investigation entitled “Adoption Behaviour of Ginger (Zingiber officinale L.) Cultivators in Udaipur District of Rajasthan” was undertaken in the potential area with the following specific objectives: 1. To study the knowledge level of farmers about improved ginger production technology. 2. To assess adoption level of the farmers regarding improved ginger production technology. 3. To find out the opinion of farmers toward improved ginger production technology in the study area. 4. To know the different sources and channels of agriculture information available to farmers for seeking information on ginger cultivation in the study area. 5. To identify the constraints perceived by the respondents in adoption of improved ginger production technology The present study was conducted in purposely selected Jhadol and Gogunda tehsils of Udaipur district of Rajasthan. Five villages from each selected tehsil were taken on the basis of maximum area under ginger cultivation. Thus, total ten villages were selected for the study. For selection of respondents, comprehensive list of ginger growers was prepared and 10 respondents were selected randomly from each selected village. Thus, in all 100 farmers were included in sample of the study. Data were collected through structured interview schedule. Thereafter, data were analyzed and results were interpreted. The study reveals that, majority of respondents 56.00 per cent fell in medium level knowledge group whereas, 28.00 per cent ginger growers were observed in the high knowledge level group and remaining 16.00 per cent respondents possessed low level of knowledge about improved ginger production technology. The findings of the study indicated that majority of ginger growers had adequate knowledge regarding irrigation management followed by soil and field preparation, harvesting and curing and mulching, whereas they had less knowledge regarding improved varieties, plant protection measures and seed storage. There was no significant difference in knowledge between the respondents of selected tehsils about improved ginger production technology. Findings revealed that, majority of respondents 57.00 per cent fell in medium level of adoption group whereas, 16.00 per cent ginger growers were observed in the high level adoption group and remaining 27.00 per cent respondents were possessed low level of adoption about improved ginger production technology. The study indicated that farmers had adequate adoption regarding recommended time of sowing, harvesting at proper time, follow the recommended irrigation management practices and recommended seed rate, where as they had less adoption regarding recommended seed treatment, adoption of scientific curing process, use of high yielding varieties, and use of recommended insecticides. There was no significant difference in adoption between the respondents of selected tehsils about improved ginger production technology. The study revealed reveals that, majority of respondents 65.00 per cent had favourable opinion whereas, 20.00 per cent ginger growers had least favourable and remaining 15.00 per cent respondents had more favourable opinion about improved ginger production technology. The findings of the study indicated that farmers had more favourable opinion because ginger is valuable spice and medicine plant, natural calamities are not the important barriers for cultivation of ginger crop and the scope in future is great because it possesses the medicinal value whereas least favourable opinion because in ginger crop disease & insect-pest infestation is very less, the cultivation of ginger is less profitable than other cereal and cash crops and this crop is needs less technical skill. There was significant difference between the respondents of selected tehsils about opinion farmers toward improved ginger production technology. The study show that, majority of respondents 65.00 per cent fell in medium level of sources and channels available group whereas, 23.00 per cent ginger growers were observed in the high level of sources and channels available group and remaining 12.00 per cent respondents were possessed low level of sources and channels available about improved ginger production technology. Findings also revealed that neighbor, friends, and progressive farmers were considered as important sources of information whereas AO and AAO of Horticulture Department, personnel of Krishi Upaj Mandi and Input dealers were less available source of information for ginger growers. Radio, T.V., and training were most commonly available channels to ginger growers where as computer & internet, demonstration and exhibitions were less used channels for seeking information about ginger cultivation. There was no significant difference between ginger growers of two selected tehsils with respect to the sources and channels of information used for ginger production technology. It was found that majority of respondents 45.00 per cent facing medium level of constraint whereas, 27.00 per cent ginger growers were facing high level of constraint and remaining 28.00 per cent respondents were facing low level of constraint about adoption of improved ginger production technology. Study shows that major constraints for ginger growers were lack of knowledge about high yielding varieties, non-availability of improved high yielding varieties of the ginger crop, perishable commodities and resources poor farmers.ThesisItem Open Access Adoption of Entrepreneurial Activities Promoted by Selected NGOs among Rural Women(MPUAT, Udaipur, 2015) Dayya, Purva; Bansal, VishakhaThe objectives of the present study were to explore the entrepreneurial activities promoted for rural women through selected NGOs, study the adoption of entrepreneurial activities by the rural women and problems faced by them in adoption of these activities. The study was conducted in Udaipur district of Rajasthan state. Two panchayat samities i.e. Gogunda and Kherwara where both the NGOs namely Seva Mandir and Aajeevika Bureau are working were selected. Two villages each from both the panchayat samities i.e. Dudhi and Dadmiya from Kherwara and Junthri and Saklal from Gogunda were randomly selected. To explore the entrepreneurial activities promoted by NGOs, the project officer of the NGOs were included in the sample. A sample of 25 rural women was randomly selected from each village making a total sample of 100 women from four villages. Data were collected with the help of questionnaire and interview schedule. Frequency and percentage were used for analysis of the data statistically. The results of the study indicated that total seven entrepreneurial activities have been promoted by the NGOs during last 5 years which includes vegetable production, flower cultivation, stitching enterprise, goat rearing, dairy enterprise, beauty parlour and fish culture. Seva Mandir trained total 270 women in different areas through organizing 15 trainings and Ajeevika Bereau trained 125 women through organizing 8 trainings of 15 days to 3 months duration. Finding of the study indicates that majority of the respondents were married (89%), illiterate (46%), had joint family (95%) with medium family size (48%). Family occupation of all the respondents (100%) was farming. More than one third of the respondents (77%) were in the age group of 31-45 years and belongs to SC category (41%). Only eleven per cent respondents were the members of formal organization i.e. self help group. It was found that 34 per cent respondents have adopted different enterprises. Out of the total adopters, 70 per cent women adopted goat rearing enterprise, stitching enterprise (48%), vegetable production and flower cultivation enterprises were adopted by the same per cent age i.e. 37.5 per cent. Nearly one fourth (23%) of the respondents adopted dairy enterprise whereas, beauty parlour enterprise was adopted by less than one fourth (20%) of the respondents. The main reasons of initiating entrepreneurial activities were desire to earn money (100%), to support family (88.23%) and enterprise can be managed at household level (85.29%). It was found that 100 per cent respondents did not adopt the fish culture enterprise whereas, 79.17 per cent were non-adopters of beauty parlour enterprise. Similarly, 76.47 and 62.5 per cent respondents were non-adopters of dairy, vegetable and flower cultivation enterprises. Half of the respondent (52%) from stitching and 30 per cent of goat rearing enterprise were non-adopters. The main reasons of non-adoption were lack of knowledge, money and family support. Regarding income generation, it was found that average net profit earned from vegetable production, flower cultivation, goat rearing and dairy enterprise was 15733, 17,300, 28200 and 26100, respectively. In beauty parlour and stitching enterprise average income was generated as 20,524 and 14030 per year. The major problems faced by the all respondents in adoption of different enterprises were identified as lack of money, lack of irrigation facility, lack of transportation, lack of health care facility and scarcity of water. Major advisor Research Scholar