Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi
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Browsing Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi by Subject "Agricultural Biotechnology"
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ThesisItem Open Access Analysis for presence of plasmids in antimicrobial producing endophytes of finger millet (Eleusine coracana L. Gaertn.)(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 2019) Kumari, Kushboo; Haider, Z.A.The present study has revealed that several endophytes with unique capabilities are part of the finger millet biome. Further study of these endophytes may result in discovery of their potential in agriculture, by way of their ability to combat abiotic and biotic stresses as well as human health by harnessing of substances which could be used as bactericidals.ThesisItem Open Access GENETIC STUDIES IN F2 POPULATION OF RICE (Oryza sativa L.)CROSSES(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 2021) PERWEEN, SHAHINA; Prakash, SuryaThe present investigation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) was undertaken during kharif 2018, at rice research field, Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand, to study the genetic variability, frequency distribution and correlation analysis for seventeen different characters in F2 population of respective cross combination namely Dhanrashi x Wita-12, Dhanrashi x Shyamala and Sahbhagidhan x Birsamati in rice. The population size was however varied in different cross. The mean and variance of seventeen quantitative characters in F2 population of each crosses indicated a wide range of variability for the characters panicles per plant, grains per plant, spikelets per plant, grains per panicle whereas low variability for 100 grain weight, grain breadth and panicle length. Genotypic coefficient of variation and phenotypic coefficient of variation values were relatively higher for traits like panicles per plant, grain yield per plant, total grains per plant, spikelets per plant and unfilled grains per plant and low to moderate for days to flowering, plant height, primary branches per panicle, panicle length, grain length and grain breadth,100 grain weight in each crosses. In present study the nature of distribution was found platykurtic and positively skewed for traits plant height,total yield per plant, unfilled grains per plant, grain length and L/B ratio in Dhanrashi x Wita- 12 whereas it was observed for the traits days to flowering, primary branches per panicle and secondary branches per panicle in Dhanrashi x Shyamala but in Sahbhagidhan x Birsamati, the traits spikelets per panicle, 100 grain weight, total yield per plant, grain yield per plant, grains per plant, spikelets per plant and L/B ratio was platykurtic and positively skewed. Almost all the characters other than days to flowering were positively and significantly correlated with grain yield per plant and grains per panicle in all three crosses. In the present investigation superior promising individual plants were selected in F2 segregating generation for crop improvement programme.ThesisItem Open Access In -Vitro Clonal Propagation of Turmeric (Curcuma Longa L.)(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 2002) Hrudey Chaprocar; Z.A.HaitherCurcuma longa Linn. (Syn. C. domestica Val.), the turmeric is a herbaceous plant belonging to the family Zingiberaceae. The genus Curcuma consists of about 70 species. Turmeric of commerce is the boiled, dried, cleaned and polished rhizomes of C. longa plant. It has been an important commercial crop of India, Sri Lanke, Pakistan, Bangladesh, China and Indo-China. India occupies prime position in the world production of turmeric. Turmeric is one of the most ancient and important spices. It is used in dyeing cotton, wool and silk. In India, from the time immemorial, turmeric has been used as traditional medicine as a blood purifier, stomachic, tonic and also as an anti periodic alternative. Turmeric has been an item of export and foreign exchange earning for the producing countries. Turmeric is thus, medicinally and economically important due to the presence of curcumin and essential aromatic oils. Curcuma longa L. is a sterile triploid. For this reason its improvement by conventional methods (hybridization, etc.) is not possible. Under this situation for any improvement in this crop, in-vitro methods seems to be the only option. Since, conventional propagation through rhizomes has its own limitations with respect to poor multiplication rate, in-vitro mass propagation obviously has great potential for obtaining disease free true to the type planting material. Keeping this in mind the present investigation was planned with the objective to establish a protocol for rapid and large scale in-vitro clonal propagation of Curcuma longa. For the present investigation rhizome buds (3-7 mm) from young mother plants rhizomes were used as explants. Surface sterilization of the explant using 0.10% (w/v) mercuric chloride (HgCl₂) for 15 minutes followed by 3-4 times subsequent washing with sterile double distilled water proved to be the best. The sterilized rhizome buds were cultured aseptically on MS medium supplemented with 0.1 to 0.3mgl¹ BAP and 0.1 to 0.5 mgl¹ kinetin. Maximum number of shoots (7.34) was achieved on medium supplemented with 0.2 mg 1¹ BAP and 0.1 mgl kinetin. These proliferated buds were excised and sub cultured on the same medium with similar concentration of hormones. Up to third subculture number of shoots increased and the percentage of shooting reached upto 96.65%. MS medium in its full strength was found to be the most effective basal nutrient medium for shoot multiplication. The studies on sucrose concentration in the medium showed that 2% sucrose was essential for rapid multiplication of shoots. The effect of pH showed that shoot initiation and multiplication occurred even on acidic medium and highest rate of shoot multiplication (7.34) was obtained at pH 5.8. The effect of coconut milk was best at 10ml 100ml concentration. A regular subculture cycle at an interval of 5-6 weeks resulted in healthy cultures with high rate of shoot multiplication. Shootlets were rooted on half strength MS medium supplemented with 1.0 to 5.0 mgl¹ NAA and 0.1 to 0.5mg 1¹ BAP. Maximum percentage of rooting (95.53%) maximum number of roots (8.66) and maximum root length (4.80cm) were obtained from rooting medium containing 1.0mg 1¹ NAA and 0.2mg 1¹ BAP. Rooted plantlets were transferred to pots containing sand: soil: FYM in the ratio (1:1:1) and successfully acclimatized.ThesisItem Open Access In -Vitro Clonal Propagation of Turmeric (Curcuma Longa L.)(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 2002) Hrudey Chaprocar; Z.A.HaitherCurcuma longa Linn. (Syn. C. domestica Val.), the turmeric is a herbaceous plant belonging to the family Zingiberaceae. The genus Curcuma consists of about 70 species. Turmeric of commerce is the boiled, dried, cleaned and polished rhizomes of C. longa plant. It has been an important commercial crop of India, Sri Lanke, Pakistan, Bangladesh, China and Indo-China. India occupies prime position in the world production of turmeric. Turmeric is one of the most ancient and important spices. It is used in dyeing cotton, wool and silk. In India, from the time immemorial, turmeric has been used as traditional medicine as a blood purifier, stomachic, tonic and also as an anti periodic alternative. Turmeric has been an item of export and foreign exchange earning for the producing countries. Turmeric is thus, medicinally and economically important due to the presence of curcumin and essential aromatic oils. Curcuma longa L. is a sterile triploid. For this reason its improvement by conventional methods (hybridization, etc.) is not possible. Under this situation for any improvement in this crop, in-vitro methods seems to be the only option. Since, conventional propagation through rhizomes has its own limitations with respect to poor multiplication rate, in-vitro mass propagation obviously has great potential for obtaining disease free true to the type planting material. Keeping this in mind the present investigation was planned with the objective to establish a protocol for rapid and large scale in-vitro clonal propagation of Curcuma longa. For the present investigation rhizome buds (3-7 mm) from young mother plants rhizomes were used as explants. Surface sterilization of the explant using 0.10% (w/v) mercuric chloride (HgCl₂) for 15 minutes followed by 3-4 times subsequent washing with sterile double distilled water proved to be the best. The sterilized rhizome buds were cultured aseptically on MS medium supplemented with 0.1 to 0.3mgl¹ BAP and 0.1 to 0.5 mgl¹ kinetin. Maximum number of shoots (7.34) was achieved on medium supplemented with 0.2 mg 1¹ BAP and 0.1 mgl kinetin. These proliferated buds were excised and sub cultured on the same medium with similar concentration of hormones. Up to third subculture number of shoots increased and the percentage of shooting reached upto 96.65%. MS medium in its full strength was found to be the most effective basal nutrient medium for shoot multiplication. The studies on sucrose concentration in the medium showed that 2% sucrose was essential for rapid multiplication of shoots. The effect of pH showed that shoot initiation and multiplication occurred even on acidic medium and highest rate of shoot multiplication (7.34) was obtained at pH 5.8. The effect of coconut milk was best at 10ml 100ml concentration. A regular subculture cycle at an interval of 5-6 weeks resulted in healthy cultures with high rate of shoot multiplication. Shootlets were rooted on half strength MS medium supplemented with 1.0 to 5.0 mgl¹ NAA and 0.1 to 0.5mg 1¹ BAP. Maximum percentage of rooting (95.53%) maximum number of roots (8.66) and maximum root length (4.80cm) were obtained from rooting medium containing 1.0mg 1¹ NAA and 0.2mg 1¹ BAP. Rooted plantlets were transferred to pots containing sand: soil: FYM in the ratio (1:1:1) and successfully acclimatized.ThesisItem Open Access Molecular analysis of antagonistic effect of Trichoderma to Fusarium in Tomato(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 2019) Prabha, Pragya; Banerjee, MadhuparnaTomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a widely grown vegetable crop acquiring the status of world’s most popular vegetable due to its importance for nutritive value, processing and export potential. Tomato is affected by many diseases among which wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum is one of the important disease, resulting in 10-50 per cent yield loss around the world. Fusarium oxysporum is a serious soil-borne pathogen and persists for longer periods in the soil. Plant treated with Trichoderma viride and Fusarium oxysporum at different time interval. The result revealed that plant treated with Trichoderma viride have altered metabolic activities as they undergo a stress condition. As per our analysis by visual observation the 5 day Trichoderma treated plant with recovery are found more healthy which shows the antagonistic effect of Trichoderma viride against Fusarium oxysporum. This could be due to the beneficial effect of TV in promoting plant growth. Molecular estimation was also performed. DNA extracted from Tomato, Trichoderma viride and Fusarium oxysporum amplified with OPA series primers. And result revealed that primer OPA 13 can distinguish between Tomato, Trichoderma viride and Fusarium oxysporum. CONTENTS PARTICULARS