Browsing by Author "VIKRANT"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    DEVELOPMENT OF SCAR MARKERS FOR RESISTANCE TO FUNGAL DISEASES FROM CRAB APPLE BIOTYPES
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2019-05) VIKRANT; MODGIL, MANJU
    ABSTRACT To facilitate the use of marker assisted selection in apple breeding programme, six PCR based specific sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers were developed from crab apple. Seven biotypes of indigenous crab apple biotypes maintained at two field gene banks of Himachal Pradesh state of India were used to identify RAPD markers for resistance to apple scab and woolly aphis. RAPD molecular analysis was evaluated among seven biotypes using 119 primers. Among these, 94 primers generated polymorphism. Four primers OPB-12, OPB-14, OPD-06 and OPA-18 amplified five unique bands of 500bp, 1kbp, 1kbp, 1kbp and 1kbp in M. baccata Shillong, M. baccata Khrot, M. baccata Kinnaur (Dhack), M. baccata Kashmir and M. baccata J&K respectively. These markers were gel purified and cloned into easy cloning TA vectors. Plasmid of the confirmed positive clones after restriction digestion and colony PCR was subjected to sequencing and homology search. Sequences showing homology with the apple scab and woolly aphid resistant genes were used to design pairs of six SCAR primers, which specifically amplified these RAPD fragments in crab apple biotypes as well as M. floribunda and apple rootstock MM106 of known resistance. No amplification was observed in commercially grown varieties of apple, therefore, it is verified that all six SCAR markers were able to distinguish between the resistant and susceptible apple genotypes. Molecular marker assessment with already developed nine SCAR markers in fourteen individual plants of crab apple verified their presence/absence and in accordance with the bioassay results.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF INDIGENOUS SPECIES OF APPLE
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2014) VIKRANT; MODGIL, MANJU
    ABSTRACT Morphological and SSR analysis among the different biotypes of the wild indigenous species of apple M. baccataand M. sikkimensiswithin the site and between the sites were carried out. Morphological data shows some variation in characters. 17 SSR primers were used to amplify the DNAs of all biotypes maintained at research stations of IARI, Shimla; NBPGR, Shimla and UHF Solan. A total of 39, 37 and 36 alleles were found to be polymorphic with an average of 64.10%, 67.56% and 47.22% polymorphism in above mentioned three sites. Average PIC values were 0.495, 0.466 and 0.391 in the samples of IARI,Shimla; NBPGR, Shimla and UHF Solan respectively. Results showed the sufficient genetic variation among the biotypes. The similarity in the dendrogram divided the biotypes of IARI in two clusters, and one cluster with some subclusters in other two sites. Grouping of biotypes in clusters showed that they are genetically diverse. Same biotype collected from three stations was run on the gels together and analyzed to check if these are clones. It has been found that their SSR profiles were not identical. The dendrogram generated has divided all the biotypes in two clusters with some subclusters. Biotype with same name did not cluster into same group due to low similarity values between them. There is a doubt that some biotypes may be mislabelled or differences may arise due to different year of collections from their respectivecentre of origin and natural mutations.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF BIOPESTICIDES AGAINST MAJOR PESTS AFFECTING FRUIT AND SEED YIELD IN TOMATO (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2019-10) VIKRANT; RANA, RAJINDER SINGH
    ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Studies on the effect of biopesticides against major pests affecting fruit and seed yield in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) were carried out using cv. Solan Lalima”. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (Factorial) in the field and in Completely Randomized Design in Laboratory at department of Seed Science and Technology, Dr. YS. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP) during 2018-19. There were eleven biopesticides modules, M1-Trichoderma viride @ 50g/plot + FYM @ 10 kg/plot + Neem oil @ 3 ml/l, M2Trichoderma viride @ 50g/plot + FYM @ 10 kg/plot + Bacillus thuringiensis @ 2g/l, M3- Trichoderma viride @ 50g/plot + FYM @ 10 kg/plot + HaNPV (250LE) @ 1ml/l, M4- Trichoderma viride @ 50g/plot + FYM @ 10 kg/plot + Neem oil @ 5ml/l, M5- Trichoderma viride @ 50g/plot + FYM @ 10 kg/plot + Cow Urine @ 50ml/l, M6- Neem Cake @100 g/plot + FYM @ 10 kg/plot+ Neem oil @ 3 ml/l, M7- Neem Cake @ 100g/plot + FYM @ 10 kg/plot + Bacillus thuringiensis @ 2g/l, M8- Neem Cake @ 100g/plot + FYM @ 10 kg/plot + HaNPV (250 LE) @ 1ml/l, M9- Neem Cake @ 100g/plot + FYM @ 10 kg/plot + Neem oil @ 5ml/l, M10- Neem Cake @ 100g/plot+ FYM @ 10 kg/plot + Cow urine @ 50ml/l, M11- Control. The result showed that the module M4 recorded higher values for growth & yield parameters. No. of fruits per plant (29.13), healthy fruits per plant (22.80), least disease infected fruits (9.62%), fruit weight (79.43g), fruit yield (1.81 kg/plant) (21.73 kg/plot) and (536.57 q/ha), No. of seeds per fruit (95.00) seed yield (6.22 g/plant) (74.61 g/plot) and (184.22 kg/ha) and seed quality characters (Germination percentage (91.75), seedling length (20.30 cm), seedling dry weight (1.78 mg), 1000 seed weight (2.92g), SVI-I (1861.83), SVI-II (163.36) and highest benefit: cost ratio (6.45:1) were also recorded in the M4 module. While the least population of leaf miner (2.51) and aphids (12.03) per plant were in module M9 and minimum fruit borer population per plant (1.00) and least insect infested fruit (6.54 %) were in module M8. From the present investigation it can be concluded that the module M4 -Trichoderma viride @ 50g/plot + FYM @ 10 kg/plot + Neem oil @ 5ml/l was found most superior for plant growth parameters and protection from insect pests which resulted higher yield of quality seeds and can be recommended for commercial seed production of tomato.